scholarly journals Unusual Variation of the Biceps Brachii with Possible Median Nerve Entrapment

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danylo Yershov ◽  
Radovan Hudák
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Coracoid Process ◽  
Unexpected Result ◽  
Clinical Perspective ◽  
Anterior Compartment ◽  
The Third

The biceps brachii is one of three muscles of the anterior compartment of arm. Variations of the biceps brachii are not rare. The most frequent is the existence of a third head called the humeral head by Le Double (1897) (Rodríguez-Vázquez et al., 1999). Our article is based on the unexpected result of a routine dissection class held for medical students. Dissection was performed according to the guidelines accepted by the anatomy department (Seichert, 1999). We describe a third (accessory) head of the biceps brachii. In addition of two regular heads, the third head originated together with the short head from the coracoid process and had three insertions on the humerus after enfolding the median nerve and the brachial artery. This particular variation is important from a clinical perspective as the third head may cause entrapment syndrome of the median nerve and hypoperfusion of the upper limb due to compression of the brachial artery.

scholarly journals Accessory head of biceps brachii muscle in North Indian cadavers

2015 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 030-034
Author(s):  
Gurbachan Singh Gindha ◽  
Anand Kumar Sharma ◽  
Ratesh Kumar Munjal
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Biceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Formaldehyde Solution ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Head ◽  
The Right ◽  
Large Muscle

Abstract Background and aims : The biceps brachii is the large muscle of flexor compartment of arm. Normally it arises by two heads (long head and short head) and gets insertion in two parts (tendinous part and aponeurotic parts). The biceps brachii muscle is well known for variation in its origin. These variations can cause compression of brachial artery and median nerve which may pass deep to the accessory head of biceps brachii muscle, and can create problems for surgeons. So the surgeons should keep in mind such variations of biceps brachii muscle. The present study is to find out the variations in the origin of biceps brachii muscle. Material and methods: The present study was conducted in the department of anatomy of Gian Sagar Medical College, Ramnagar, Rajpura district Patiala (Punjab). In this study 32 human cadaveric limbs which were embalmed and fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution were used and these limbs were dissected and variations in origin of the biceps brachii muscle were noted. Results : Out of 32 limbs, 3 limbs (9.38%) were having three heads of biceps brachii muscle in its origin. The variations were found in the right limbs only. Conclusions : The knowledge of accessory head of biceps brachii muscle is important for the surgeons and troumatologists because there can be iatrogenic injury to the third head of biceps brachii muscle.

scholarly journals Acute Upper Limb Ischemia Due to Delayed Presentation of a Brachial Artery Pseudoaneurysm Post-Venipuncture

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele H. H. Lee ◽  
Sara D. Qi ◽  
Nathaniel Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Limb Ischemia ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Artery Pseudoaneurysm ◽  
Hand Ischemia ◽  
Iatrogenic Trauma ◽  
Median Nerve Neuropathy

Brachial artery pseudoaneurysms (BAPs) are rare but could lead to complications of high morbidity. We report a case of a BAP presenting with hand ischemia and median nerve neuropathy nearly a decade after the inciting iatrogenic trauma, successfully treated with excision and direct repair. This report highlights that untreated pseudoaneurysms can be indolent and present late with both symptoms of embolization and local compression.

scholarly journals The superficial ulnar artery: development and clinical significance

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-287
Author(s):  
Srinivasulu Reddy ◽  
Venkata Ramana Vollala
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Ulnar Artery ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Median Cubital Vein ◽  
Muscular Branch ◽  
Superficial Ulnar Artery

The principal arteries of the upper limb show a wide range of variation that is of considerable interest to orthopedic surgeons, plastic surgeons, radiologists and anatomists. We present here a case of superficial ulnar artery found during the routine dissection of right upper limb of a 50-year-old male cadaver. The superficial ulnar artery originated from the brachial artery, crossed the median nerve anteriorly and ran lateral to this nerve and the brachial artery. The superficial ulnar artery in the arm gave rise to a narrow muscular branch to the biceps brachii. At the elbow level the artery ran superficial to the bicipital aponeurosis where it was crossed by the median cubital vein. It then ran downward and medially superficial to the forearm flexor muscles, and then downward to enter the hand. At the palm, it formed the superficial and deep palmar arches together with the branches of the radial artery. The presence of a superficial ulnar artery is clinically important when raising forearm flaps in reconstructive surgery. The embryology and clinical significance of the variation are discussed.

scholarly journals Additional head of biceps brachii: a cadaveric study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1237
Author(s):  
Seema Gupta ◽  
Anshu Soni ◽  
Hitant Vohra
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
Biceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Anterior Compartment ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Radial Tuberosity

Background: The biceps brachii is an important muscle of anterior compartment of arm. It shows frequent anatomic variability due to presence of supernumerary heads. Knowledge of the existence of the third head of biceps brachii is important for surgeons. Keeping this in mind a study was planned to see the incidence of additional head of biceps brachii in sample Indian population and to compare it with other racial groups.Methods: The study was carried out on 30 cadaveric upper limbs. The upper limbs were dissected and studied for the presence of additional head of biceps brachii. The attachment and nerve supply of the additional head was carefully observed, recorded and documented.Results: Out of 30 limbs which were dissected, additional head of biceps brachii was found only in two limbs. In both the cases the additional head was present only on the right side and arose from the anterior surface of humerus, superomedial to the origin of brachialis. The additional head fused with the common bulk of the muscle and was inserted into the radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis. The extra heads of biceps brachii muscle received branches from musculocutaneous nerve.Conclusions: Biceps brachii is one of the commonest muscles showing variations. The additional head is not only of academic importance, but its knowledge also helps clinicians in managing fractures of humerus and nerve entrapment.

scholarly journals An uncommon morphological variation of coracobrachialis muscle

2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-38
Author(s):  
P S Chitra ◽  
V Anandhi
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Transposition Flap ◽  
The Third ◽  
Median Nerve Palsy ◽  
Long Time ◽  
High Median

AbstractThe Coracobrachialis muscle in the arm is more important morphologically than functionally. In many animals, the Coracobrachialis has three parts. During the process of evolution the third part has disappeared and only the first two parts are found in man, enclosing the musculocutaneous nerve between them. Morphologic variations of Coracobrachialis have been known for a long time and include accessory slips that attach to the lesser tubercle, medial supracondylar ridge and medial intermuscular septum. The existence of abnormal insertion of the corabrachialis muscle should be kept in mind in a patient presenting with high median nerve palsy together with symptoms of brachial artery compression and before carrying out post-mastectomy reconstruction using coracobrachialis as a transposition flap.

scholarly journals Absence of the musculocutaneous nerve: a rare anatomical variation with possible clinical-surgical implications

2008 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 288-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Humberto Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani ◽  
Maria Inez Marcondes Macéa ◽  
Celina Siqueira Barbosa Pereira ◽  
Mirna Duarte Barros ◽  
José Rafael Macéa
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Lateral Surface ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
The Third ◽  
Brachialis Muscle ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right ◽  
Unknown Case

CONTEXT: The musculocutaneous nerve is one of the terminal branches of the lateral fasciculus of the brachial plexus, and is responsible for innervation of the flexor musculature of the elbow and for skin sensitivity on the lateral surface of the forearm. Its absence has been described previously, but its real prevalence is unknown. CASE REPORT: A case of absence of the musculocutaneous nerve that was observed during the dissection of the right arm of a male cadaver is described. The area of innervation was supplied by the median nerve. From this, three branches emerged: one to the coracobrachialis muscle, another to the biceps brachii muscle and the third to the brachialis muscle. This last branch continued as a lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. This is an anatomical variation that has clinical-surgical implications, considering that injury to the median nerve in this case would have caused unexpected paralysis of the flexor musculature of the elbow and hypoesthesia of the lateral surface of the forearm.

Unusual formation of the median nerve associated with the third head of biceps brachii

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-524
Author(s):  
Nabil Eid ◽  
Yuko Ito ◽  
Yoshinori Otsuki
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
The Third ◽  
Unusual Formation

scholarly journals Absence of musculocutaneous nerve and accessory head of biceps brachii: a case report

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
pp. 114-146
Author(s):  
L Arora ◽  
R Dhingra
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
Biceps Brachii Muscle ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Lateral Cutaneous Nerve ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACTDuring dissection of a 55-year-old female cadaver, we observed that three nerve roots contributed to the formation of Median nerve in her right upper limb. Along with this variation, absence of Musculocutaneous nerve was noticed. The muscles of front of arm i.e. Biceps Brachii, Brachialis and Coracobrachialis received their nerve supply from Median nerve. The Lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm was derived from Median nerve. Also an accessory head of Biceps Brachii muscle was present in the right arm of the same cadaver. It is extremely important to be aware of these variations while planning a surgery in the region of axilla or arm as these nerves are more liable to be injured during operations.

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