scholarly journals Analysis of gliadin patterns and diversity in Triticum polonicum L. accessions from Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eleni SHIFERAW
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Triticum Polonicum ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
Gliadin Patterns

<p>Gliadins from 25 accessions represented by 350 individual seed samples were analysed by acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE) with the objective of identifying gliadin band patterns and examine the extent of diversity in <em>Triticum polonicum </em>L. collections from Ethiopia. Seventy polymorphic bands and 68 different patterns were identified. Eighteen different mobility bands and 16 patterns were identified in <em>ω</em>-gliadin region, 22 bands and 20 patterns in <em>γ-</em>gliadin region, 12 bands and 22 patterns in <em>β-</em>gliadin region and 18 bands and 10 patterns in <em>α</em>-gliadin region. The average genetic diversity calculated from the data of the four gliadin zones of the analysed samples was 0.15. The γ region have the highest diversity (H = 0.193), followed by ω regions (H = 0.177) and β region (H = 0.168) and the lowest diversity was observed in α region (H = 0.127). Cluster analysis based on genetic distances resulted in grouping of the analysed accessions in to seven main groups. Though the level of diversity was relatively lower than other tetraploid wheat species from Ethiopia, the findings are indicative of the existence of variation in the collections which can be exploited for wheat improvement.</p>

Tetraploid wheat species Triticum timopheevii and Triticum militinae in common wheat improvement

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Järve ◽  
I. Jakobson ◽  
T. Enno
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Common Wheat ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Triticum Timopheevii ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Major Genes ◽  
Wheat Improvement ◽  
Unknown Species

Timopheevii wheats are discussed as donors for improving the disease resistance of common wheat. Attention is paid to the comparison of the morphological and chromosomal characteristics of Triticum timopheevii and T. militinae, their crossability with T. aestivum and their response to fungal diseases. The possible origin of T. militinae from an introgressive hybridization between T. timopheevii and an unknown species is discussed. Major genes for resistance to various fungal diseases, transferred to common wheat from T. timopheevii, are listed.

scholarly journals Efficiency of different PCR-based marker systems for assessment of Iris pumila genetic diversity

Biologia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Bublyk ◽  
Igor Andreev ◽  
Ruslan Kalendar ◽  
Kateryna Spiridonova ◽  
Viktor Kunakh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Abiotic Stress Response ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
Iris Pumila ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

AbstractWe investigated informativeness and effectiveness of different marker types (ISSR, IRAP, REMAP, RGAP and LP-PCR that employ primers based on the conservative sequences of abiotic stress response genes) to study genetic diversity of Iris pumila L. By the number of amplicons per primer, number of polymorphic amplicons per primer and resolving power index (Rp), ISSR-markers were the most efficient followed by LP-PCR-markers. In order of decreasing value of indicators of genetic diversity “the percentage of polymorphic bands”, and “the average Jaccardś genetic distance between plants”, marker systems may be arranged as follows: ISSR > RAPD > LP-PC > RGAP ≈ IRAP. For ISSR-markers, the percentage of polymorphic bands was 1.3–1.7 times higher than for the others, and the average genetic distance was 1.2–1.3 times higher. Different marker systems were ranked by the value of Neiś gene diversity and the Shannonś index as follows: ISSR > RAPD ≈ LP-PCR > RGAP ≈ IRAP, with the highest and the lowest values differing 1.4 times. Genetic population structure was investigated with program Structure 2.3. The data of all marker systems suggest that all genomes under study belonged to one population. The PCoA and cluster analyses based on genetic distances showed distinctions in clustering generated from different markers data and summarized data, as well as the lack of strong clusters. Mantel test revealed significant positive correlation between the matrices of genetic distances generated by the data of almost all marker systems. The strongest correlation was found between RGAP- and IRAP-markers (r = 0.452, p = 0.01) and between RGAP and ISSR (r = 0.430, p = 0.01). ISSR, RAPD and LP-PCR proved to be more effective for the study of I. pumila genetic diversity, nevertheless, joint use of different marker systems will provide a more comprehensive assessment of variation in different genomic regions.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity Analysis of Maize Inbred Lines from SCDA Turda - Romania Revealed by RAPD Molecular Markers

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodica POP ◽  
Ioan HAS ◽  
Iulia Francesca POPESCU ◽  
Monica HARTA ◽  
Doru PAMFIL
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Genetic Diversity Analysis ◽  
Upgma Dendrogram ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Polymorphic Bands

Knowledge of genetic diversity and relationships among maize inbred lines is indispensable to a breeding program. Our objective was to investigate the level of genetic diversity among maize inbred lines. Eighty-three maize inbred lines obtained from SCDA Turda were genotyped using 20 decamer primers. These primers generated, among the studied genotypes, a number of polymorphic bands comprised between 17 bands (OPA 03) and 7 bands (OPAB 11). The highest numbers of polymorphic bands were obtained with primer OPA 03, respectively 17 bands, followed by OPA 01, OPB 08 (16 polymorphic bands) and OPX 03 and OPAL 20 (13 polymorphic bands). Genetic distances were established using Nei Li/Dice coefficent and an UPGMA dendrogram was constructed with FreeTree software. The built dendrogram shows phylogenetic relationships between the analysed biological material.

scholarly journals Genetic Structure and Variability of Natural Populations of Maritime Pine (Pinus pinaster Aiton) in Morocco

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Wahid ◽  
S. C. González-Martínez ◽  
I. El Hadrami ◽  
A. Boulli
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Maritime Pine ◽  
High Atlas ◽  
Middle Atlas

Abstract The estimation of genetic diversity using molecular markers is a major component of genetic conservation programs. In its range, Maritime pine has been extensively studied using different molecular markers and quantitative traits. However, Moroccan populations have been usually represented only by a few typical locations in the Middle Atlas (e.g., Tamjout). To describe the genetic structure and variability of maritime pine in Morocco, eleven populations of this species comprising all major geographic regions (Rif, Middle Atlas and High Atlas) were studied using allozyme markers. A total of 471 samples were analyzed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of eight enzyme systems encoded by 19 loci. Genetic variation was lower in Morocco than in other ranges of the species. However, genetic diversity was structured and a high differentiation among populations (θ = 10.44%) and a moderate correlation between genetic and geographic distances were found (0.350). Three main groups of populations can be distinguished based on genetic distances: (i) Mediterranean Coastal, (ii) Occidental Rif and Middle Atlas and (iii) High Atlas. The populations from Middle Atlas presented the lowest values of allelic richness and gene diversity whereas the populations from Rif showed a considerable amount of genetic variability. Human impact and isolation are major factors explaining population genetic structure of maritime pine in Morocco. Overexploitation of the forest by intensive cattle grazing and land speculation are suggested to be active mechanisms currently deploying the genetic resources of this species.

A DNA fingerprinting-based taxonomic allocation of Kamut wheat

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena K. Khlestkina ◽  
Marion S. Röder ◽  
Heinrich Grausgruber ◽  
Andreas Börner
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Wheat Species ◽  
Microsatellite Genotyping ◽  
B Genome ◽  
Triticum Polonicum ◽  
Fertile Crescent ◽  
Seed Admixture

AbstractKamut wheat, said to have been derived from seed found in the Egyptian pyramids, appeared on the market about 25 years ago. We have investigated its taxonomic placement using microsatellite genotyping. In all, 89 accessions of 13 tetraploid wheat species, along with samples of Kamut wheat, were genotyped using two A and B genome wheat microsatellite markers per chromosome, generating 453 alleles (8–33 alleles per locus), and a mean allelic polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.80. A diversity analysis showed that nine major accession groups could be defined, and these were inconsistent with formal taxonomic classifications of about 10% of the material. Most of these misclassifications are due to either species introgression or seed admixture. Some accessions appear to be duplicates. The Kamut wheats grouped together in a cluster containing three accessions of Triticum polonicum and three of T. durum, originating from Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Israel. We suggest that Kamut perhaps derived from a natural hybrid between T. durum and T. polonicum, which occurred in the Fertile Crescent.

scholarly journals Assessment genetic diversity of einkorn genotypes (Triticum monococcum L.) by gliadin electrophoresis

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Gergana Nikolova DESHEVA ◽  
Bozhidar KYOSEV ◽  
Manol DESHEV
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Gliadin Patterns ◽  
High Level

<p>The genetic diversity of gliadins in twenty two einkorn accessions preserved under long-term seed storage condition in the National gene bank of Bulgaria were evaluated, using acid polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (Acid-PAGE). In total, 64 polymorphic bands and 22 gliadin patterns were identified. Thirty four different mobility bands and 21 gliadin patterns were identified in the ω-gliadin zone, 12 bands and 16 patterns were noted in the γ-gliadins, 17 patterns and 12 mobility bands were found for β-gliadins and six bands with five different α -gliadin patterns were determined. The genetic diversity index (H) was the highest for ω-gliadins (0.950), followed by β-gliadins (0.924) and γ- (0.914), respectively and the lowest value was detected in α-gliadin patterns (0.120). Cluster analysis based on the UPGMA method and Nei and Li similarity coefficients classified all the genotypes into 3 main groups. No relationships between genetic diversity, geographic origin and the genotypes were observed. The results of cluster analysis justify the high level of genetic variation among investigated einkorn accessions.</p>

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