scholarly journals THE REMAINS OF THE LETTERS. THREE READING PARADIGMS IN THE GHETTOS

Porównania ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Roszak
Keyword(s):  
Ordinary Life ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Comprehensive Study ◽  
The Way

In June 1942 Emanuel Ringelblum asked: “What kind of books do people read? This topic has always been interesting for each Jew and after the war it also became interesting to the world”. This topic hasn’t received a comprehensive study yet. The author of the paper The Remains of the Letters. Three Reading Paradigms in the Ghettos examined this aspect of history of the ghettos. The literature allows us to shed light on the topic of the life and deaths of their inhabitants. But, taking up this topic enables us also to activate new ways of interpreting the books. The volumes they spent time on in the ghetto allow to capture the way the residents of the ghettos built or broke the bond with the reality, how they taught their own children to read or found solace in someone else’s pain. The author considers, however, whether the studies of ordinary life in extraordinary times of the Holocaust can be considered micro-historical.

The Tropes of Jewish/Muslim Difference

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Jewish Communities ◽  
Communal Violence ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

The chapter explores how notions of Jewish and Muslim difference play out in the history of communal violence in independent India. In doing so it will first interrogate the way in which trajectories of anti-Muslim ideologies intersect in India with Nazi rhetoric that harks back to Hitler’s Germany, and the (lack of) the memory of the Holocaust on the subcontinent. It will then discuss how the experiences of contemporary Indian Jewish communities both mirror and contrast those of Indian Muslims and how Indian Jews and the alleged absence of anti-Semitism in India have become a reference point in the discourse of the Hindu right deployed to mask anti-Muslim and other forms of intolerance.

scholarly journals On Becoming a Non-Jewish Holocaust Writer: Yann Martel’s Beatrice and Virgil

Humanities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Rachel F. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Jewish Identity ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Holocaust Memory ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The World ◽  
Family Level ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religious Origins

To appraise Martel’s non-Jewish perspective of Holocaust thematic, it is important to assess it in the context of the Jewish relations with the Holocaust. Even though the Jewish claim to the uniqueness of the Holocaust has been disputed since the end of the war especially in Eastern Europe, the Jewish response determined to a large extent the reception of the disaster on the global scene. On a family level, the children of survivors have identified themselves as the legitimate heirs of the unknowable experience of their parents. On a collective level, the decree of Jewish annihilation constructed a Jewish identity that imposed an obligation to keep the Holocaust memory in the consciousness of the world. Martel proposes to supersede the history of the Holocaust with a story which would downplay the Jewish filiation with the Holocaust, elicit an affiliative response to the event of the non-Jewish writer and consequently integrate it into the memory of humanity at large. However, the Holocaust theme of Beatrice and Virgil refuses to assimilate within the general memory of humanity; rather, the consciousness of the event, which pervades the post-Holocaust world, insists on its constant presence. The omnipresence of the Holocaust blurs the distinctions between the filiative (Jewish) and affiliative (non-Jewish) attitudes toward the Jewish tragedy, gripping the writer in its transcendent horror. Disregarding his ethnic or religious origins, the Holocaust takes over the writer’s personal life and determines his story.

The “Millstätter Predigten” (Millstatt Sermons), Petrus Berchorius, and Mechthild of Magdeburg

Daphnis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-84
Author(s):  
Sabine Seelbach
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Educational History ◽  
Mechthild Of Magdeburg ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract This article presents the project “Virtual Benedictine library Millstatt” (www.virtbibmillstatt.com/), which is dedicated to the cultural memory and educational history of Carinthia in the broadest sense. It aims to reconstruct the hitherto little-known and little-researched corpus of manuscripts from the Benedictine Abbey of Millstatt, to identify its texts, and to shed light on their history of use. Against the background of the eventful history of ownership of the Millstatt library, the problems that arise when trying to reliably assign manuscripts scattered around the world to the Millstatt corpus are outlined. Examples will be used to show the extent to which external features (binding, signature system, accessories), but also text-internal indications, make the origin and ownership history of the manuscripts traceable. Spectacular new finds are presented, but also erroneous assumptions about the affiliation of certain texts to the reading canon of the Millstatt Benedictines are pointed out.

scholarly journals Software Testing: Issues and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Kishore Sugali ◽  
Chris Sprunger ◽  
Venkata N Inukollu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Software Testing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
Testing Strategies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

The history of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning dates back to 1950’s. In recent years, there has been an increase in popularity for applications that implement AI and ML technology. As with traditional development, software testing is a critical component of an efficient AI/ML application. However, the approach to development methodology used in AI/ML varies significantly from traditional development. Owing to these variations, numerous software testing challenges occur. This paper aims to recognize and to explain some of the biggest challenges that software testers face in dealing with AI/ML applications. For future research, this study has key implications. Each of the challenges outlined in this paper is ideal for further investigation and has great potential to shed light on the way to more productive software testing strategies and methodologies that can be applied to AI/ML applications.

scholarly journals Tres símbolos y una metáfora en la poesía de Andrés Sánchez Robayna

2018 ◽  
pp. 90-109
Author(s):  
Alejandro Rodríguez-Refojo
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
World View ◽  
Religious View ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of Religions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Shed Light

Se analizan los símbolos de la barca, la casa y la piedra, así como la metáfora del Libro del Mundo, en la obra poética de Andrés Sánchez Robayna. El análisis se apoya en las aportaciones de la simbología y la historia de las religiones con el objetivo de esclarecer algunos aspectos clave de la cosmovisión del autor y de su poética. La presencia de imágenes pertenecientes al simbolismo del centro, la concepción de la poesía como enigma y la indagación en la memoria como una parte fundamental del proceso creador constituyen los elementos que conducen al surgimiento de una conciencia religiosa del mundo.                                                                                                                                                                                                              This paper aims to analyse three symbols presented in Andrés Sánchez Robayna’s work of poetry: the boat, the house, the stone, and the metaphor of the Book of the World. This analysis is supported by contributions in the fields of symbolism and history of religions and it seeks to shed light on some key aspects of the author’s poetics and world view. The imagery related to the symbolism of the centre, the conception of poetry as an enigma and the search through memory as an essential phase in the creative process represent the main elements which lead to the emergence of a religious view of the world.

scholarly journals The Special Apparatus (al-Niẓām al-Khāṣṣ): The Rise of Nationalist Militancy in the Ranks of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood

Religions ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abou El Zalaf
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Muslim Brotherhood ◽  
British Colonization ◽  
Special Apparatus ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

Existing scholarship has largely focused on the role of Sayyid Qutb’s ideas when analyzing the Muslim Brotherhood’s violent history. Perceiving Qutb’s ideas as paving the way for radical interpretations of jihad, many studies linked the Brotherhood’s violent history with this key ideologue. Yet, in so doing, many studies overlooked the importance of the Special Apparatus in shaping this violent history of the Brotherhood, long before Qutb joined the organization. Through an in-depth study of memoires and accounts penned by Brotherhood members and leaders, and a systematic study of British and American intelligence sources, I attempt to shed light on this understudied formation of the Brotherhood, the Special Apparatus. This paper looks at the development of anti-colonial militancy in Egypt, particularly the part played by the Brotherhood until 1954. It contends that political violence, in the context of British colonization, antedated the Brotherhood’s foundation, and was in some instances considered as a legitimate and even distinguished duty among anti-colonial factions. The application of violence was on no account a part of the Brotherhood’s core strategy, but the organization, nevertheless, established an armed and secret wing tasked with the fulfillment of what a segment of its members perceived as the duty of anti-colonial jihad.

HISTORY OF TUBERCULOSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (28) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Katriye KOMİLİ ◽  
Yağmur BAHAR
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
General Information ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Cattle Meat ◽  
Tuberculosis Disease ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Radiological Examinations

The history of tuberculosis disease dates back to very ancient times. Information from these ages shed light on today's tuberculosis disease. Tuberculosis has been one of the most important diseases that have negatively affected people's lives since ancient times and caused their death. The introduction of tuberculosis by humans occurred when cattle joined their daily habitats. Cattle meat , milk was used to spread the disease rapidly. The only common thing about tuberculosis, which has been referred to by different names throughout the ages, is that its consequences intersect somewhere. Most of the disease is caused by myobacterium Tuberculosis Bacillus. Bacillus was introduced to the world in 1882 through Robert Koach. Tuberculosis causes the most outbreaks in the world after Aids. Past medical history and radiological examinations are of great importance in the diagnosis of the disease. Drug treatment of patients continues for 6 to 8 months, but progress is blocked in the first two to three weeks. The aim of this study is to give general information about the progress of the disease throughout history. Key words: Bacillus , Epidemic, Tuberculosis

European Itinerant Opera and Operetta Companies Touring in the Near and Middle East

2019 ◽  
pp. 318-334
Author(s):  
Avra Xepapadako
Keyword(s):  
Near East ◽  
World History ◽  
Musical Theatre ◽  
Theatre Companies ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
South Eastern Europe ◽  
Unexplored Area ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Shed Light

Τ‎his chapter focuses on the activity of musical theatre companies touring in south-eastern Europe, the Near East, the Caucasus and Central Asia during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It investigates cultural transfer and amalgamation between the metropolitan culture of the West and the Orient in the domain of opera and operetta. Greece, in particular, functioned as a cultural crossroads between East and West. From 1840 onwards, Italian opera companies began to tour in Greece and its new theatres, and even further towards the Near East; they were followed, from 1870 onwards, by French operetta and vaudeville companies. In the last decades of the 19th century, these French artists expanded their itineraries towards the East, beyond familiar geographical boundaries, tracing their own small odysseys on the map. The chapter charts and presents these traces, attempting to shed light on an unexplored area of the world history of music and theatre.

Digital Divide

2008 ◽  
pp. 74-90
Author(s):  
Liudmila Burtseva ◽  
Svetlana Cojocaru ◽  
Constantin Gaindric ◽  
Galina Magariu ◽  
Tatiana Verlan
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Short History ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

In this chapter the authors introduce the digital-divide concept to the reader, bring its different definitions, and describe the short history of the problem. The basic figures and facts, which characterize the information and communication technologies’ usage in different countries and regions, are given as well. Also, basic indicators that allow the monitoring of the country’s advancement on the way to bridging the digital divide are stated. The main purpose for the authors was to show that the digital divide is not only (and not as much) a technical problem, but rather a social and political one. Hence, the approaches to this problem decision, both in the world community as a whole and in separate countries, are described.

Our Changing World

2022 ◽  
pp. 13-63
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Family And Work ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way ◽  
Changing World

COVID-19 has dramatically changed our world in terms of telework specifically and remote life in general. We are still learning new things about balancing family and work; trustworthiness, performance, and accountability issues; important changes and discoveries about the way the world goes to work; and discussions of the dynamic ways people communicate. This chapter examines reasons for resistance to telework to shed light on how COVID-19 has changed us. The discussion that follows centers on qualitative interviews concerning telework, an evaluation of employee engagement now and in the future, and ideas and actions that should prove helpful to organizations. Analyzing the interviews reveals several common threads: distractions, fatigue, accountability, communication, productivity, technology, coping, work hours, resources, and plan approaches.

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