scholarly journals High-threshold Ca2+channels behind gamma band activity in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. e12431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brennon Luster ◽  
Stasia D'Onofrio ◽  
Francisco Urbano ◽  
Edgar Garcia-Rill
Keyword(s):  
Pedunculopontine Nucleus ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
High Threshold ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Ca2 Channels ◽  
Band Activity

scholarly journals Intracellular mechanisms modulating gamma band activity in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. e12787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brennon R. Luster ◽  
Francisco J. Urbano ◽  
Edgar Garcia-Rill
Keyword(s):  
Pedunculopontine Nucleus ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity ◽  
Intracellular Mechanisms

scholarly journals Implications of gamma band activity in the pedunculopontine nucleus

2015 ◽  
Vol 123 (7) ◽  
pp. 655-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Garcia-Rill ◽  
B. Luster ◽  
S. D’Onofrio ◽  
S. Mahaffey ◽  
V. Bisagno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pedunculopontine Nucleus ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity

scholarly journals Pedunculopontine Nucleus Gamma Band Activity-Preconscious Awareness, Waking, and REM Sleep

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Urbano ◽  
Stasia M. D’Onofrio ◽  
Brennon R. Luster ◽  
Paige B. Beck ◽  
James Robert Hyde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Pedunculopontine Nucleus ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity

scholarly journals Modulation of gamma oscillations in the pedunculopontine nucleus by neuronal calcium sensor protein-1: relevance to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stasia D'Onofrio ◽  
Nebojsa Kezunovic ◽  
James R. Hyde ◽  
Brennon Luster ◽  
Erick Messias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Calcium Channels ◽  
Pedunculopontine Nucleus ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Calcium Sensor ◽  
Sensor Protein ◽  
Neuronal Calcium Sensor Protein ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Gamma Band Oscillations ◽  
Band Activity

Reduced levels of gamma-band activity are present in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients. In the same disorders, increased neuronal calcium sensor protein-1 (NCS-1) expression was reported in a series of postmortem studies. These disorders are also characterized by sleep dysregulation, suggesting a role for the reticular activating system (RAS). The discovery of gamma-band activity in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), the cholinergic arm of the RAS, revealed that such activity was mediated by high-threshold calcium channels that are regulated by NCS-1. We hypothesized that NCS-1 normally regulates gamma-band oscillations through these calcium channels and that excessive levels of NCS-1, such as would be expected with overexpression, decrease gamma-band activity. We found that PPN neurons in rat brain slices manifested gamma-band oscillations that were increased by low levels of NCS-1 but suppressed by high levels of NCS-1. Our results suggest that NCS-1 overexpression may be responsible for the decrease in gamma-band activity present in at least some schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients.

scholarly journals Gamma Band Unit Activity and Population Responses in the Pedunculopontine Nucleus

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 463-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christen Simon ◽  
Nebojsa Kezunovic ◽  
Meijun Ye ◽  
James Hyde ◽  
A. Hayar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paradoxical Sleep ◽  
Pedunculopontine Nucleus ◽  
Cholinergic Receptor ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Type I ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
Population Responses ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity

The pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is involved in the activated states of waking and paradoxical sleep, forming part of the reticular activating system (RAS). The studies described tested the hypothesis that single unit and/or population responses of PPN neurons are capable of generating gamma band frequency activity. Whole cell patch clamp recordings (immersion chamber) and population responses (interface chamber) were conducted on 9- to 20-day-old rat brain stem slices. Regardless of cell type (I, II, or III) or type of response to the nonselective cholinergic receptor agonist carbachol (excitation, inhibition, biphasic), almost all PPN neurons fired at gamma band frequency, but no higher, when subjected to depolarizing steps (50 ± 2 Hz, mean ± SE). Nonaccommodating neurons fired at 18–100 Hz throughout depolarizing steps, while most accommodating neurons exhibited gamma band frequency of action potentials followed by gamma band membrane oscillations. These oscillations were blocked by the sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX), suggesting that at least some are mediated by sodium currents. Population responses in the PPN showed that carbachol induced peaks of activation in the theta and gamma range, while glutamatergic receptor agonists induced overall increases in activity at theta and gamma frequencies, although in differing patterns. Gamma band activity appears to be a part of the intrinsic membrane properties of PPN neurons, and the population as a whole generates different patterns of gamma band activity under the influence of specific transmitters. Given sufficient excitation, the PPN may impart gamma band activation on its targets.

scholarly journals Gamma band activity in the developing parafascicular nucleus

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 772-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebojsa Kezunovic ◽  
James Hyde ◽  
Christen Simon ◽  
Francisco J. Urbano ◽  
D. Keith Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Channels ◽  
Pedunculopontine Nucleus ◽  
Gamma Oscillations ◽  
Firing Frequency ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
High Threshold ◽  
Band Frequency ◽  
Parafascicular Nucleus ◽  
Gamma Frequency ◽  
Gamma Band Activity

The parafascicular nucleus (Pf) receives cholinergic input from the pedunculopontine nucleus, part of the reticular activating system involved in waking and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and sends projections to the cortex. We tested the hypothesis that Pf neurons fire maximally at gamma band frequency (30–90 Hz), that this mechanism involves high-threshold voltage-dependent P/Q- and N-type calcium channels, and that this activity is enhanced by the cholinergic agonist carbachol (CAR). Patch-clamped 9- to 25-day-old rat Pf neurons ( n = 299) manifested a firing frequency plateau at gamma band when maximally activated (31.5 ± 1.5 Hz) and showed gamma oscillations when voltage-clamped at holding potentials above −20 mV, and the frequency of the oscillations increased significantly with age (24.6 ± 3.8 vs. 51.6 ± 4.4 Hz, P < 0.001) but plateaued at gamma frequencies. Cells exposed to CAR showed significantly higher frequencies early in development compared with those without CAR (24.6 ± 3.8 vs. 41.7 ± 4.3 Hz, P < 0.001) but plateaued with age. The P/Q-type calcium channel blocker ω-agatoxin-IVA (ω-Aga) blocked gamma oscillations, whereas the N-type blocker ω-conotoxin-GVIA (ω-CgTx) only partially decreased the power spectrum amplitude of gamma oscillations. The blocking effect of ω-Aga on P/Q-type currents and ω-CgTx on N-type currents was consistent over age. We conclude that P/Q- and N-type calcium channels appear to mediate Pf gamma oscillations during development. We hypothesize that the cholinergic input to the Pf could activate these cells to oscillate at gamma frequency, and perhaps relay these rhythms to cortical areas, thus providing a stable high-frequency state for “nonspecific” thalamocortical processing.

scholarly journals Mechanism behind gamma band activity in the pedunculopontine nucleus

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebojsa Kezunovic ◽  
Francisco J. Urbano ◽  
Christen Simon ◽  
James Hyde ◽  
Kristen Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pedunculopontine Nucleus ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity

Gamma band activity in an auditory oddball paradigm studied with the wavelet transform

2001 ◽  
Vol 112 (7) ◽  
pp. 1219-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.G Gurtubay ◽  
M Alegre ◽  
A Labarga ◽  
A Malanda ◽  
J Iriarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Auditory Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Band Activity

scholarly journals Increased Thalamic Gamma Band Activity Correlates with Symptom Relief following Deep Brain Stimulation in Humans with Tourette’s Syndrome

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e44215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Maling ◽  
Rowshanak Hashemiyoon ◽  
Kelly D. Foote ◽  
Michael S. Okun ◽  
Justin C. Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Symptom Relief ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Tourette's Syndrome ◽  
Tourette’S Syndrome ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity ◽  
Deep Brain

Gamma band activity and its synchronization reflect the dysfunctional emotional processing in alexithymic persons

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Matsumoto ◽  
Yoko Ichikawa ◽  
Noriaki Kanayama ◽  
Hideki Ohira ◽  
Tetsuya Iidaka
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Gamma Band ◽  
Gamma Band Activity ◽  
Band Activity
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