scholarly journals Greater fatigability and motor unit discharge variability in human type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon W. Senefeld ◽  
Kevin G. Keenan ◽  
Kevin S. Ryan ◽  
Sarah E. D'Astice ◽  
Francesco Negro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Motor Unit ◽  
Unit Discharge ◽  
Human Type ◽  
Motor Unit Discharge

Frequency Modulation of Motor Unit Discharge Has Task-Dependent Effects on Fluctuations in Motor Output

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 2878-2887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol J. Mottram ◽  
Evangelos A. Christou ◽  
François G. Meyer ◽  
Roger M. Enoka
Keyword(s):  
Motor Unit ◽  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Discharge Rate ◽  
Motor Output ◽  
Unit Discharge ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Output Force ◽  
Position Task ◽  
Motor Unit Discharge ◽  
Target Force

The rate of change in the fluctuations in motor output differs during the performance of fatiguing contractions that involve different types of loads. The purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of frequency modulation of motor unit discharge to the fluctuations in the motor output during sustained contractions with the force and position tasks. In separate tests with the upper arm vertical and the elbow flexed to 1.57 rad, the seated subjects maintained either a constant upward force at the wrist (force task) or a constant elbow angle (position task). The force and position tasks were performed in random order at a target force equal to 3.6 ± 2.1% (mean ± SD) of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force above the recruitment threshold of an isolated motor unit from the biceps brachii. Each subject maintained the two tasks for an identical duration (161 ± 93 s) at a mean target force of 22.4 ± 13.6% MVC. As expected, the rate of increase in the fluctuations in motor output (force task: SD for detrended force; position task: SD for vertical acceleration) was greater for the position task than the force task ( P < 0.001). The amplitude of the coefficient of variation (CV) and the power spectra for motor unit discharge were similar between tasks ( P > 0.1) and did not change with time ( P > 0.1), and could not explain the different rates of increase in motor output fluctuations for the two tasks. Nonetheless, frequency modulation of motor unit discharge differed during the two tasks and predicted ( P < 0.001) both the CV for discharge rate (force task: 1–3, 12–13, and 14–15 Hz; position task: 0–1, and 1–2 Hz) and the fluctuations in motor output (force task: 5–6, 9–10, 12–13, and 14–15 Hz; position task: 6–7, 14–15, 17–19, 20–21, and 23–24 Hz). Frequency modulation of motor unit discharge rate differed for the force and position tasks and influenced the ability to sustain steady contractions.

Characterization of Glucose‐Binding Proteins Isolated from Health Volunteers and Human Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentian Chen ◽  
Yaogang Zhong ◽  
Jian Shu ◽  
Hanjie Yu ◽  
Zhuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Human Type ◽  
Glucose Binding

Human type 2 diabetes mellitus-associated transcriptional disturbances in a high-sugar diet long-term exposed Drosophila melanogaster

2021 ◽  
pp. 100866
Author(s):  
Julia Sepel Loreto ◽  
Sabrina Antunes Ferreira ◽  
Daniel Ardisson-Araújo ◽  
Nilda Vargas Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Human Type ◽  
High Sugar

Low-frequency common modulation of soleus motor unit discharge is enhanced during postural control in humans

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Mochizuki ◽  
J. G. Semmler ◽  
T. D. Ivanova ◽  
S. J. Garland
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Motor Unit ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Unit Discharge ◽  
Motor Unit Discharge

scholarly journals Host–microbiome interactions in human type 2 diabetes following prebiotic fibre (galacto-oligosaccharide) intake

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1869-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Pedersen ◽  
Edith Gallagher ◽  
Felicity Horton ◽  
Richard J. Ellis ◽  
Umer Z. Ijaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Intestinal Microbial Community ◽  
Human Type

AbstractAberrant microbiota composition and function have been linked to several pathologies, including type 2 diabetes. In animal models, prebiotics induce favourable changes in the intestinal microbiota, intestinal permeability (IP) and endotoxaemia, which are linked to concurrent improvement in glucose tolerance. This is the first study to investigate the link between IP, glucose tolerance and intestinal bacteria in human type 2 diabetes. In all, twenty-nine men with well-controlled type 2 diabetes were randomised to a prebiotic (galacto-oligosaccharide mixture) or placebo (maltodextrin) supplement (5·5 g/d for 12 weeks). Intestinal microbial community structure, IP, endotoxaemia, inflammatory markers and glucose tolerance were assessed at baseline and post intervention. IP was estimated by the urinary recovery of oral51Cr-EDTA and glucose tolerance by insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test. Intestinal microbial community analysis was performed by high-throughput next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons and quantitative PCR. Prebiotic fibre supplementation had no significant effects on clinical outcomes or bacterial abundances compared with placebo; however, changes in the bacterial family Veillonellaceae correlated inversely with changes in glucose response and IL-6 levels (r−0·90,P=0·042 for both) following prebiotic intake. The absence of significant changes to the microbial community structure at a prebiotic dosage/length of supplementation shown to be effective in healthy individuals is an important finding. We propose that concurrent metformin treatment and the high heterogeneity of human type 2 diabetes may have played a significant role. The current study does not provide evidence for the role of prebiotics in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

SHORT-TERM SYNCHRONY OF MOTOR UNIT DISCHARGE DURING WEAK ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE

Brain ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. BAKER ◽  
N. J. DAVEY ◽  
P. H. ELLAWAY ◽  
C. L. FRIEDILAND
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Motor Unit ◽  
Isometric Contraction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Unit Discharge ◽  
Motor Unit Discharge
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document