scholarly journals Risk science in the 21st century: a data-driven framework for incorporating new technologies into chemical safety assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1/2/3) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell S. Thomas ◽  
Ricky Cheung ◽  
Margit Westphal ◽  
Daniel Krewski ◽  
Melvin E. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Chemical Safety

scholarly journals Incorporating New Technologies Into Toxicity Testing and Risk Assessment: Moving From 21st Century Vision to a Data-Driven Framework

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell S. Thomas ◽  
Martin A. Philbert ◽  
Scott S. Auerbach ◽  
Barbara A. Wetmore ◽  
Michael J. Devito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
21St Century ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Data Driven

scholarly journals Generalized Read-Across prediction using genra-py

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Shah ◽  
Tia Tate ◽  
Grace Patlewicz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Data Driven Approach ◽  
Assessment Problems

Abstract Motivation Generalized Read-Across (GenRA) is a data-driven approach to estimate physico-chemical, biological or eco-toxicological properties of chemicals by inference from analogues. GenRA attempts to mimic a human expert’s manual read-across reasoning for filling data gaps about new chemicals from known chemicals with an interpretable and automated approach based on nearest-neighbors. A key objective of GenRA is to systematically explore different choices of input data selection and neighborhood definition to objectively evaluate predictive performance of automated read-across estimates of chemical properties. Results We have implemented genra-py as a python package that can be freely used for chemical safety analysis and risk assessment applications. Automated read-across prediction in genra-py conforms to the scikit-learn machine learning library's estimator design pattern, making it easy to use and integrate in computational pipelines. We demonstrate the data-driven application of genra-py to address two key human health risk assessment problems namely: hazard identification and point of departure estimation. Availability and implementation The package is available from github.com/i-shah/genra-py.

scholarly journals Carcinogenicity assessment: technical and political challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Madia ◽  
A Worth ◽  
M Whelan ◽  
R Corvi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Cancer Disease ◽  
Cancer Occurrence ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Exposure Patterns ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer

Abstract The rising rates of cancer incidence and prevalence identified by the WHO are of serious concern. The scientific advances of the past twenty years have helped to describe major properties of the cancer disease, enabling therapies that are more sophisticated. It has become clear that the management of relevant risk factors can also significantly reduce cancer occurrence worldwide. Public health policy actions cannot be decoupled from environmental policy actions, since exposure to chemicals through air, soil, water and food can contribute to cancer as well as other chronic diseases. Furthermore, due to the increasing global trend of chemical production including novel compounds, chemical exposure patterns are foreseen to change, posing high demands on chemical safety assessment, and creating potential protection gaps. The safety assessment of carcinogenicity needs to evolve to keep pace with changes in the chemical environment and cancer epidemiology. The presentation focusses on EC-JRC recommendations and future strategies for carcinogenicity safety assessment. This also includes discussion on how the traditional data streams of regulatory toxicology, together with new available assessment methods can inform, along with indicators of public health status based on biomonitoring and clinical data, a more holistic human-relevant and impactful approach to carcinogenicity assessment and overall prevention of cancer disease.

Chemical safety assessment of transformation products of landfill leachate formed during the Fenton process

2021 ◽  
pp. 126438
Author(s):  
Luana de Morais e Silva ◽  
Vinicius M. Alves ◽  
Edilma R.B. Dantas ◽  
Luciana Scotti ◽  
Wilton Silva Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Transformation Products ◽  
Fenton Process ◽  
Chemical Safety

scholarly journals Toxicity testing: Non-animal approaches and safety science

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Reynolds ◽  
Carl Westmoreland ◽  
Julia Fentem
Keyword(s):  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Research Investment ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Safety Science ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Animal Tests ◽  
Made In

New informatics capabilities and computational and mathematical modelling techniques, used in combination with highly sensitive molecular biology and mechanistic chemistry approaches, are transforming the way in which we assess the safety of chemicals and products. In recent years, good progress has been made in replacing some of the animal tests required for regulatory purposes with methods using cells and tissues in vitro. Nevertheless, big scientific challenges remain in developing relevant non-animal models able to predict the effects of chemicals which are absorbed systemically. The greatest breakthroughs in non-animal approaches for chemical safety assessment will most likely result from continued multi-disciplinary research investment in predictive (integrative and systems) biology. Some of our current research in this area is described in the present article.

scholarly journals COMPUTATIONAL AFFORDANCES, CONTEXT COLLAPSES AND OTHER CHALLENGES TO LINGUISTIC STUDIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 583-600
Author(s):  
Vinícius Vargas Vieira dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
21St Century ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Marshall Mcluhan ◽  
Communicative Practices ◽  
Linguistic Practices

ABSTRACT With the increasing incorporation of digital media in 21st century societies, a paradigmatic phenomenon is occurring on the language issue: communicative practices have started being widely mediated by technology. Besides incorporating earlier technologies, such as radio and television, computers have enabled users, who were mere passive recipients, to become information emitters as well. Starting from the principle pointed out by Marshall McLuhan (1964) that the medium controls the scales and actions configured in language, this paper seeks to understand the scalar levels of new technologies contexts and how they reverberate on meditated linguistic practices. Digital media are considered here as their own computational designs, communication channels that, far from being neutral, are previously set by large computational companies and, therefore, present ideologies and already configured forms of interaction, stimulating semiotic and pragmatic dimensions of language, reflecting on aspects of culture and, consequently, on political life.

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