Release of rosmarinic acid from semisolid formulations and its penetration through human skin ex vivo

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the release of rosmarinic acid (RA) from the experimental topical formulations with the Melissa officinalis L. extract and to evaluate its penetration through undamaged human skin ex vivo. The results of the in vitro release study showed that higher amounts of RA were released from the emulsion vehicle when lemon balm extract was added in its dry form. An inverse correlation was detected between the released amount of RA and the consistency index of the formulation. Different penetration of RA into the skin may be influenced by the characteristics of the vehicle as well as by the form of the extract. The results of penetration assessment showed that the intensity of RA penetration was influenced by its lipophilic properties: RA was accumulating in the epidermis, while the dermis served as a barrier, impeding its deeper penetration.

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Studies with Emulsion Containing trans-resveratrol: in vitro Release Profile and ex vivo Human Skin Permeation

Current Drug Delivery ◽

10.2174/1567201812666150130161736 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 157-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Priscila de Almeida ◽

Michele Alves ◽

Hudson Polonini ◽

Stephane Calixto ◽

Tiago Braga Gomes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Skin ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Skin Permeation ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Release Profile ◽

Vitro Release

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Development, in vitro and in vivo Evaluations of Solid-Lipid Microparticles based on Solidified Micellar Carrier System for Oral Delivery of Cefepime

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2017.10.1.3 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 3582-3593

Author(s):

Chukwuebuka Umeyor ◽

Uchechukwu Nnadozie ◽

Anthony Attama

Keyword(s):

Oral Delivery ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Carrier System ◽

Solid Lipid ◽

Solid Lipid Microparticles ◽

Release Study ◽

Lipid Microparticles ◽

Vitro Release

This study seeks to formulate and evaluate a solid lipid nanoparticle-based, solidified micellar carrier system for oral delivery of cefepime. Cefepime has enjoyed a lot of therapeutic usage in the treatment of susceptible bacterial infections; however, its use is limited due to its administration as an injection only with poor patient compliance. Since oral drug administration encourage high patient compliance with resultant effect in improved therapy, cefepime was formulated as solid lipid microparticles for oral delivery using the concept of solidified micellar carrier system. The carrier system was evaluated based on particle yield, particle size and morphology, encapsulation efficiency (EE %), and thermal analysis using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Preliminary microbiological studies were done using gram positive and negative bacteria. In vitro release study was performed using biorelevant media, while in vivo release study was performed in white albino rats. The yield of solid lipid microparticles (SLM) ranged from 84.2 – 98.0 %. The SLM were spherical with size ranges of 3.8 ± 1.2 to 42.0 ± 1.4 µm. The EE % calculated ranged from 83.6 – 94.8 %. Thermal analysis showed that SLM was less crystalline with high potential for drug entrapment. Microbial studies showed that cefepime retained its broad spectrum anti-bacterial activity. In vitro release showed sustained release of cefepime from SLM, and in vivo release study showed high concentration of cefepime released in the plasma of study rats. The study showed that smart engineering of solidified micellar carrier system could be used to improve oral delivery of cefepime.

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Formulation and Evaluation of Sustained Release Dosage Forms of Norfloxacin

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2018.11.6.6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 4331-4337

Author(s):

C Suja ◽

Sismy C

Keyword(s):

Sustained Release ◽

Guar Gum ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Angle Of Repose ◽

Prolonged Release ◽

Weight Variation ◽

Sustained Release Tablets ◽

Release Study ◽

Vitro Release

The goal of this study was to formulate and evaluate norfloxacin sustained release tablets. Norfloxacin sustained release tablets were prepared by wet granulation method using two polymers such as HPMC K 100 M (hydrophilic polymer) and guar gum (natural polymer) and with three polymer ratios (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5). The prepared granules were evaluated to preformulation studies such as angle of repose, bulk density, tapped density, bulkiness, compressibility index and Hauser’s ratio. All the parameters shows that the granules having good flow properties. Then the formulated tablets were taken to evaluation studies such as hardness, weight variation, friability, drug content and thickness. All the parameters were within the acceptable limits. IR spectral analysis showed that there was no interaction between the drug and polymers. The in vitro release study was performed in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 at 293 nm. The in vitro release study showed that if the polymer ratio is increased, then the release of the drug is prolonged. HPMC K 100M shows a prolonged release when compared to guar gum.

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Sodium alginate nanoparticles as a new transdermal vehicle of glucosamine sulfate for treatment of osteoarthritis

European Journal of Nanomedicine ◽

10.1515/ejnm-2017-0008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3-4) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Asmaa S. El-Houssiny ◽

Azza A. Ward ◽

Dina M. Mostafa ◽

Salwa L. Abd-El-Messieh ◽

Kamal N. Abdel-Nour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Surface Charge ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Glucosamine Sulfate ◽

Suspension Stability ◽

Rat Skin ◽

Release Studies ◽

Vitro Release

AbstractGlucosamine sulfate (GS) has been used orally for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). However, it may be susceptible to the liver first pass phenomenon, which greatly affects its bioavailability, in addition to its side effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Alginate nanoparticles (Alg NPs) were investigated as a new drug carrier for transdermal delivery of GS to improve its effectiveness and reduce side effects. GS-Alg NPs were characterized by encapsulation efficiency, NP yield, particle size and surface charge properties. The in vitro release studies of GS and the ex vivo permeability through rat skin were determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. GS-Alg NPs are within the nanometer range of size. High negative surface charge values are obtained and indicate the high suspension stability of the prepared formulation. The in vitro release studies showed that GS is released from Alg NPs in a sustained and prolonged manner. The ex vivo permeability of GS through rat skin is enhanced significantly after encapsulation in the negatively charged Alg NPs. We successfully reported a highly stable nanoparticlulate system using Alg NPs that permits the encapsulation of GS for topical administration, overcoming the disadvantages of oral administration.

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An in vitro release study of 5-fluoro-uracil (5-FU) from swellable poly-(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) nanoparticles

Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine ◽

10.1007/s10856-008-3677-x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 1103-1114 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Raje Chouhan ◽

A. K. Bajpai

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Release ◽

Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ◽

Release Study ◽

Vitro Release

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Influence of different viscosity grade ethylcellulose polymers on encapsulation and in vitro release study of drug loaded nanoparticles

Journal of Pharmacy Research ◽

10.1016/j.jopr.2013.04.050 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 414-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Amolkumar B. Lokhande ◽

Satyendra Mishra ◽

Ravindra D. Kulkarni ◽

Jitendra B. Naik

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Release ◽

Viscosity Grade ◽

Release Study ◽

Vitro Release

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In Vitro Release Study of Verapamil Hydrochloride Through Sodium Alginate Interpenetrating Monolithic Membranes

Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy ◽

10.1081/ddc-100108373 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 27 (10) ◽

pp. 1107-1114 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Mahaveer D. Kurkuri ◽

Anandrao R. Kulkarni ◽

Mahadevappa Y. Kariduraganavar ◽

Tejraj M. Aminabhavi

Keyword(s):

Sodium Alginate ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Verapamil Hydrochloride ◽

Release Study ◽

Vitro Release

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Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Intranasal Administration of Olanzapine in the management of Schizophrenia

Current Molecular Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1874467214666210120160016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Sarbjot Kaur ◽

Ujjwal Nautiyal ◽

Pooja A. Chawla ◽

Viney Chawla

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers ◽

Polydispersity Index ◽

Poloxamer 407 ◽

Ex Vivo Permeation ◽

Permeation Studies ◽

Vitro Release

Background: Background: Olanzapine belongs to a new class of dual spectrum antipsychotic agents. It is known to show promise in managing both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Drug delivery systems based on nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are expected to provide rapid nose-to-brain transport of this drug and improved distribution into and within the brain. Objective: The present study deals with the preparation and evaluation of olanzapine loaded NLC via the intranasal route for schizophrenia. Methods: Olanzapine-NLC were formulated through the solvent injection method using isopropyl alcohol as the solvent, stearic acid as solid lipid, and oleic acid as liquid lipid, chitosan as a coating agent, and Poloxamer 407 as a surfactant. NLC were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, pH, viscosity, X-ray diffraction studies, in-vitro mucoadhesion study, in- vitro release and ex-vivo permeation studies. The shape and surface morphology of the prepared NLC was determined through transmission electron microscopy. To detect the interaction of the drug with carriers, compatibility studies were also carried out. Results: Average size and polydispersity index of developed formulation S6 was 227.0±6.3 nm and 0.460 respectively. The encapsulation efficiency of formulation S6 was found to be 87.25 %. The pH, viscosity, in-vitro mucoadhesion study, and in- vitro release of optimized olanzapine loaded NLC were recorded as 5.7 ± 0.05, 78 centipoise, 15±2 min, and 91.96 % respectively. In ex-vivo permeation studies, the percent drug permeated after 210 min was found to be 84.03%. Conclusion: These results reveal potential application of novel olanzapine-NLC in intranasal drug delivery system for treatment of schizophrenia.

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