scholarly journals An efficient and accurate method to calculate diffusion coefficient of structured particles. A first case study of Pb diffusion in rare gases

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Matúška
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Collision Cross Section ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Rare Gases ◽  
Enskog Theory ◽  
Scattering Angle ◽  
Atom Diffusion ◽  
First Case

Abstract Diffusion coefficient depends on temperature, pressure, reduced mass of colliding particles and collision cross section. The presented method is designed to calculate the diffusion coefficient in loose systems containing molecules with relatively complicated colliding trajectories. It is a combination of the Chapman-Enskog theory and the molecular dynamics calculation. The Chapman-Enskog theory provides the relation between the diffusion coefficient and the collision cross section which is the result of multiple integration of the scattering angle of all possible initial conditions of the collision. The scattering angle is obtained by numerical integration of the Newton’s equation of motion with previously selected initial conditions. The proposed method has been verified for the simple system of a lead atom diffusion in rare gases and the results were compared to those of two other theoretical methods.

Physical Failure Analysis Techniques for Front-End-of-Line Defect Analysis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Doyle ◽  
Lawrence Benedict ◽  
Fritz Christian Awitan
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Gate Oxide ◽  
Top Down ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
First Case ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission

Abstract Novel techniques to expose substrate-level defects are presented in this paper. New techniques such as inter-layer dielectric (ILD) thinning, high keV imaging, and XeF2 poly etch overflow are introduced. We describe these techniques as applied to two different defects types at FEOL. In the first case, by using ILD thinning and high keV imaging, coupled with focused ion beam (FIB) cross section and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM,) we were able to judge where to sample for TEM from a top down perspective while simultaneously providing the top down images giving both perspectives on the same sample. In the second case we show retention of the poly Si short after removal of CoSi2 formation on poly. Removal of the CoSi2 exposes the poly Si such that we can utilize XeF2 to remove poly without damaging gate oxide to reveal pinhole defects in the gate oxide. Overall, using these techniques have led to 1) increased chances of successfully finding the defects, 2) better characterization of the defects by having a planar view perspective and 3) reduced time in localizing defects compared to performing cross section alone.

scholarly journals Forward dijets in proton-nucleus collisions at next-to-leading order: the real corrections

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmond Iancu ◽  
Yair Mulian
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Soft Gluon ◽  
Effective Theory ◽  
Dglap Evolution ◽  
Leading Order ◽  
Final State ◽  
Dijet Production ◽  
The Real ◽  
First Case ◽  
Subsequent Publication

Abstract Using the CGC effective theory together with the hybrid factorisation, we study forward dijet production in proton-nucleus collisions beyond leading order. In this paper, we compute the “real” next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections, i.e. the radiative corrections associated with a three-parton final state, out of which only two are being measured. To that aim, we start by revisiting our previous results for the three-parton cross-section presented in [1]. After some reshuffling of terms, we deduce new expressions for these results, which not only look considerably simpler, but are also physically more transparent. We also correct several errors in this process. The real NLO corrections to inclusive dijet production are then obtained by integrating out the kinematics of any of the three final partons. We explicitly work out the interesting limits where the unmeasured parton is either a soft gluon, or the product of a collinear splitting. We find the expected results in both limits: the B-JIMWLK evolution of the leading-order dijet cross-section in the first case (soft gluon) and, respectively, the DGLAP evolution of the initial and final states in the second case (collinear splitting). The “virtual” NLO corrections to dijet production will be presented in a subsequent publication.

Charge Changing Collision Cross-Section of Atomic Ions

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-187
Author(s):  
S Bliman ◽  
S Dousson ◽  
R Geller ◽  
B Jacquot ◽  
D van Houtte
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Collision Cross Section ◽  
Atomic Ions

Argon Repulsive Potential from Collision Cross‐Section Measurements

1950 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Amdur ◽  
D. E. Davenport ◽  
M. C. Kells
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Collision Cross Section ◽  
Repulsive Potential

scholarly journals Initial-Condition Sensitivities and the Predictability of Downslope Winds

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 3401-3418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick A. Reinecke ◽  
Dale R. Durran
Keyword(s):  
Wave Breaking ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Static Stability ◽  
Synoptic Scale ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Downslope Winds ◽  
First Case ◽  
Downslope Wind ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Strong Winds

Abstract The sensitivity of downslope wind forecasts to small changes in initial conditions is explored by using 70-member ensemble simulations of two prototypical windstorms observed during the Terrain-Induced Rotor Experiment (T-REX). The 10 weakest and 10 strongest ensemble members are composited and compared for each event. In the first case, the 6-h ensemble-mean forecast shows a large-amplitude breaking mountain wave and severe downslope winds. Nevertheless, the forecasts are very sensitive to the initial conditions because the difference in the downslope wind speeds predicted by the strong- and weak-member composites grows to larger than 28 m s−1 over the 6-h forecast. The structure of the synoptic-scale flow one hour prior to the windstorm and during the windstorm is very similar in both the weak- and strong-member composites. Wave breaking is not a significant factor in the second case, in which the strong winds are generated by a layer of high static stability flowing beneath a layer of weaker mid- and upper-tropospheric stability. In this case, the sensitivity to initial conditions is weaker but still significant. The difference in downslope wind speeds between the weak- and strong-member composites grows to 22 m s−1 over 12 h. During and one hour before the windstorm, the synoptic-scale flow exhibits appreciable differences between the strong- and weak-member composites. Although this case appears to be more predictable than the wave-breaking event, neither case suggests that much confidence should be placed in the intensity of downslope winds forecast 12 or more hours in advance.

Anisotropy in the Dicke Narrowing of Rotational Raman Lines (A New Measure of the Nonsphericity of Intermolecular Forces)

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 778-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Gupta ◽  
S. Hess ◽  
A. D. May
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Physical Interpretation ◽  
Anisotropic Diffusion ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Intermolecular Forces ◽  
Gaseous Hydrogen ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Scattering Angle ◽  
Collision Model

The diffusion coefficient characterizing the Dicke narrowing of the rotational Raman lines, in general, depends on the polarizations of the incident and scattered light and on the scattering angle. Experimental results for the anisotropic diffusion coefficient are presented for 90° scattering and vv and vh polarizations of the S0(1) line in gaseous hydrogen. The physical interpretation of the observed anisotropy is given with the help of a simple collision model.

A New Collision Cross Section Set for Silane

1994 ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Nagpal ◽  
Alan Garscadden
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Collision Cross Section
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