Preparation and Characterization of St. John’s Wort Herb Extracts Using Olive, Sunflower and Palm Oils

Summary The aim of the study was to obtain St. John’s wort herb extract (drug:extract ratio 1:5), in a traditional way, using different solvents (sunflower, olive and palm oils) with or without antioxidants (0,02% alpha-tocopherol and 0,01% butylhydroxyanisol). Their characterization was done (organoleptic features, relative density, refractive index, acid number) immediately after the preparation, and during the period of 12 months (the samples were stored at room temperature, 22±2°C). The type of oil used for the extraction of St. John’s wort herb has a significant influence on organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics of extracts. Oil extracts had approximately the same values for refractive index and relative density as solvents used for extraction. The acid numbers of extracts were slightly higher compared to the used oils. Using the antioxidants for preparing the St. John’s wort oil liquid herb extracts did not change the acid number of extracts made using sunflower and palm oils, while oil extracts made using olive oil and tocopherol or BHA had lower acid number values. During the period of 12 months, only extracts which were made using three different vegetable oils, with the use of antioxidants, showed satisfactory physicochemical, chemical and microbiological stability (with no significant changes in organoleptic properties, relative density, refractive index, acid number value and microbiological safety), which points to the necessity of using antioxidants in the preparation of St. John’s wort oil herb extracts, using the traditional method.

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Evidence and characterization of a virus of St John's Wort(Hypericum perfora tumL.)

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection ◽

10.1080/03235409909383290 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 205-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hartmut Kegler ◽

Egon Fuchs ◽

Andreas Plescher ◽

Fred Ehrig ◽

Edgar Schliephake ◽

...

Keyword(s):

St John’S Wort ◽

St John's Wort

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Synthesis of Methyl Ester from Rice Bran Oil through the Esterification Reaction

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.851.164 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 851 ◽

pp. 164-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Aman Santoso ◽

Abdurrohman ◽

Anugrah Ricky Wijaya ◽

Dedek Sukarianingsih ◽

Sumari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Vegetable Oil ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Rice Bran Oil ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Acid Number ◽

Esterification Reaction

Vegetable oil is one of rice bran components. As triglycerides, vegetable oil can be converted to fatty acid and alkyl esters for further treatments. Synthesis of alkyl ester oil can be carried out by esterification or transesterification reaction, depending on the quality of the oil and the catalyst. The purposes of this study are 1) Rice bran oil isolation, 2) Oil esterification 3) Characterization and identification of the methyl ester that compose rice bran oil. The stages in this research are 1) Extraction of rice bran oil, 2) Synthesis of methyl ester from rice bran through esterification reaction, 3) Methyl ester characterization of rice bran oil and its potential test as biodiesel included determination of density, viscosity, refractive index, and acid number test, 4) The identification of synthesized methyl esters composition using GC-MS. The results showed that rice bran oil has a yield of 18.09%. Synthesis of methyl esters from rice bran oil through the esterification reaction with a catalyst acid yields 72.37%. The characters of the synthesized methyl ester are on the range of biodiesel quality standards, namely, the density is 0.850 g/mL, viscosity is 4.73 cSt, a refractive index is 1.45871, and an acid number is 0.76 g KOH/g methyl ester, therefore it is claimed that the synthesized methyl esters have the potential as biodiesel. The GC-MS result showed the presence of compounds methyl tetradecanoate (0.38%), methyl hexadecanoate (40.67%), methyl 9-octadecenoate (53.68%), methyl octadecanoate (5.02%), and methyl eicosanoate (0.14%).

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Characterization of Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John’s wort) macerates prepared with different fatty oils upon processing and storage

Phytochemistry Letters ◽

10.1016/j.phytol.2017.01.004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 470-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Miriam Heinrich ◽

Veronika Vikuk ◽

Rolf Daniels ◽

Florian C. Stintzing ◽

Dietmar R. Kammerer

Keyword(s):

Hypericum Perforatum ◽

St John’S Wort ◽

St John's Wort ◽

Hypericum Perforatum L ◽

Processing And Storage ◽

And Storage

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In vitro photochemical and phototoxicological characterization of major constituents in St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum) extracts

Phytochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.06.011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 72 (14-15) ◽

pp. 1814-1820 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Satomi Onoue ◽

Yoshiki Seto ◽

Masanori Ochi ◽

Ryo Inoue ◽

Hideyuki Ito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hypericum Perforatum ◽

St John’S Wort ◽

St John's Wort

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Characterization of supercritical fluid extracts of St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) by HPLC–MS and GC–MS

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.ejps.2003.10.021 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 453-463 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Christoph Seger ◽

Harald Römpp ◽

Sonja Sturm ◽

Ernst Haslinger ◽

Peter C Schmidt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Supercritical Fluid ◽

Hypericum Perforatum ◽

St John’S Wort ◽

St John's Wort ◽

Hypericum Perforatum L

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In vitro production and chemical characterization of St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum L. cv ‘New Stem’)

Plant Science ◽

10.1016/j.plantsci.2003.10.005 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 166 (2) ◽

pp. 333-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

S.M.A. Zobayed ◽

S.J. Murch ◽

H.P.V. Rupasinghe ◽

P.K. Saxena

Keyword(s):

Hypericum Perforatum ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

In Vitro Production ◽

St John’S Wort ◽

St John's Wort ◽

Hypericum Perforatum L ◽

Vitro Production

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Physicochemical characterization of the pulp oil of bacuri Attalea phalerata Mart. ex Spreng. (Arecaceae)

Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria ◽

10.21930/rcta.vol21_num3_art:1791 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Michelle Cardoso Coimbra ◽

Débora Maria Moreno Luzia ◽

Neuza Jorge

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Refractive Index ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Potassium Hydroxide ◽

High Performance ◽

Physicochemical Characterization ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Total Phenolic

The aim of the study was to characterize the pulp oil of bacuri Attalea phalerata Mart. ex Spreng. (Arecaceae) according to official analytical methods. Total phenolic and carotenoids contents were evaluated by spectrophotometry, and tocopherols composition by high-performance liquid chromatography. The fatty acid profile was obtained through gas chromatography from samples transesterified with potassium hydroxide in methanol and n-hexane. According to the proximate composition, bacuri pulp contained 41.5 % carbohydrates and 39.2 % lipids. Regarding its physicochemical properties, the oil showed a free fatty acids content of 0.7 %, a peroxide value of 1.4 meq/kg, a refractive index of 1.463, an iodine number of 84.3 g I2/100 g, a saponification number of 193.5 mg KOH/g, an unsaponifiable matter of 0.5 %, and 48.7 h of oxidative stability. Total phenolic, carotenoids, and tocopherols contents recorded values of 2.4 mg GAE/g, 243.0 µg/g, and 86.8 mg/kg, respectively. The bacuri oil showed a fatty acid composition similar to olive oil and a high percentage of unsaturation, finding 67.3 % of monounsaturated acids, and 11.3 % of polyunsaturated acids. The main fatty acids were oleic (67.3 %), palmitic (13.3 %), and linoleic (10.5 %). Due to its physicochemical characteristics, bacuri oil has a great potential to be used in food preparations, such as salad oil or in margarine formulation.

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Chemical and mineralogical characterization of elbaites from the Alto Quixaba pegmatite, Seridó province, NE Brazil

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/s0001-37652005000400011 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 729-743 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ana C.M. Ferreira ◽

Valderez P. Ferreira ◽

Dwight R. Soares ◽

Hugo S. Vilarroel-Leo

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

Relative Density ◽

Unit Cell ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Central Portion ◽

Unit Cell Parameters ◽

Mineralogical Characterization ◽

Cell Parameters ◽

Average Relative Density

The Alto Quixaba pegmatite, Seridó region, northeastern Brazil, is a 60º/80ºSW-trending subvertical dike discordantly intruded into biotite schists of the Upper Neoproterozoic Seridó Formation. It has three distinct mineralogical and textural zones, besides a replacement body that cuts the pegmatite at its central portion and in which occur, among other gem minerals, colored elbaites. Elbaites usually occur as prismatic crystals, elongate according to the c-axis, with rounded faces and striations parallel to this axis. Optically, crystals are uniaxial negative with strong pleochroism; refractive index extraordinary axis = 1.619-1.622 and ordinary axis = 1.639-1.643, birefringence between 0.019 and 0.021, average relative density of 3.07, and the following unit cell parameters: ao = 15.845 Å, co = 7.085 Å and V = 1540.476 Å. There is alkali deficiency in the X site of 12-17%. The elbaites are relatively enriched in MnO (1.69 to 2.87%) and ZnO (up to 2.98%).

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