The Impact of Language Skills on Immigrants’ Labor Market Integration: A Brief Revision With a New Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Schuss
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Market Income ◽  
Language Effects ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Impact

Abstract I examine the impact of language skills on immigrants’ labor market performance by applying a new approach, which allows to estimate wage benefits attributed to initial language skills at arrival. By exploiting unique data, I isolate the endogenous part of current German skills and instrument current command by German proficiency measured retrospectively at the point in time of migration. This approach tackles the problem that labor market effects from current language skills are at risk to reflect merely the sum of a successful residence in Germany and only display growth effects. I find that a good command of German increases labor market income by 47.0% for males, while no significant language effects are detected for females. Further analyses illustrate that differences in language effects by gender can be attributed to selection into different occupations and part-time employments and that language operates complementary and enables cross-border transferability of human capital.

scholarly journals Labor Market Effects of Economic Integration: The Impact of Re-Unification in German Border Regions

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiess Buettner ◽  
Johannes Rincke
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
The West ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Supply Shocks ◽  
German Regions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper exploits the significant reduction in impediments to labor mobility in the process of German re-unification in order to identify labor supply shocks in the West German labor market. The focus is on the quasi-experiment of the border removal in the regions situated at the German-German border that faced a massive increase of cross-border labor supply. The results indicate that despite a gain in employment, the border removal was accompanied by a decline in wages and an increase in unemployment relative to other West German regions.

scholarly journals The Labor Market Effects of Refugee Waves: Reconciling Conflicting Results

ILR Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 818-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Clemens ◽  
Jennifer Hunt
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Current Population Survey ◽  
Population Survey ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Endogenous Variable ◽  
Racial Composition ◽  
Compositional Change ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
The Impact

Studies have reached conflicting conclusions regarding the labor market effects of exogenous refugee waves such as the Mariel Boatlift in Miami. The authors show that contradictory findings on the effects of the Mariel Boatlift can be explained by a large difference in the pre- and post-Boatlift racial composition in certain very small subsamples of workers in the Current Population Survey. This compositional change is specific to Miami and unrelated to the Boatlift. They also show that conflicting findings on the labor market effects of other important refugee waves are caused by spurious correlation in some analyses between the instrument and the endogenous variable, introduced by applying a common divisor to both. As a whole, the evidence from refugee waves reinforces the existing consensus that the impact of immigration on average native-born workers is small, and it fails to substantiate claims of large detrimental effects on workers with less than a high school education.

scholarly journals Labor market effects of a work-first policy for refugees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Nielsen Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Language Training ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Lower Treatment ◽  
Human Capital Investments ◽  
Work First ◽  
Precarious Jobs

Abstract This study estimates the labor market effects of a work-first policy aimed at speeding up the labor market integration of refugees. The policy added new requirements for refugees to actively search for jobs and to participate in on-the-job training immediately upon arrival in the host country, Denmark. The requirements were added to an existing policy that emphasizes human capital investments in language training. The results show that the work-first policy speeded up entry into regular jobs for men, but they find work in precarious jobs with few hours. Long-run effects are uncertain since the policy crowds out language investments but raises enrollment in education. The policy had no or very small effects for women, which is partly explained by a lower treatment intensity for women.

The Impact of Cross-Border Commuters on Occupational Wages: Comparison of Some Nonparametric Tests and Their Application to Geneva’s Labor Market

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Saez-Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Wage Differential ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Cross Point ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
The Impact

In this article, we are interested in the statistical methods that can be used to test for the wage differential between local workers and cross border commuters at the low end of the pay scale. This paper uses numerical simulations and recently developed tests for distribution crossing (CDF). The present study applies the model to data for Geneva. Numerical simulations suggest that recently developed tests for distribution crossing are powerful even when the two distributions being studied are fairly similar and that these tests can be usefully combined with more typical quantile tests to characterize the wages of unskilled workers at the bottom of the income distribution. Although the present analyses demonstrated no obvious cross point between native and cross-border wages, future studies should explore the extent to which volunteer samples are, in general, representative of the larger population of local workers.

From “Migrant” to “Citizen”: Labor Market Integration of Former Live-In Caregivers in Canada

ILR Review ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 908-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupa Banerjee ◽  
Philip Kelly ◽  
Ethel Tungohan ◽  
Petronila Cleto ◽  
Conely de Leon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Foreign Worker ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Legal Permanent Resident ◽  
Permanent Resident ◽  
Permanent Residency ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of attaining permanent resident status on the employment integration of migrant caregivers in Canada. The authors use survey data from 631 caregivers who arrived as migrants under a temporary foreign worker program before transitioning to permanent residency, as well as data from 47 focus group discussions. The authors find that although most caregivers do switch out of caregiving work over time, they often remain within a few, lower-skilled occupations. Postsecondary education acquired before migration has no impact on occupational mobility. Caregivers’ lack of financial stability and the stigmatization of their employment experience often constrain their labor market options; moreover, an emotional bond and sense of obligation toward employers often hinder their ability to move out into other occupations, even after receiving legal permanent resident status. From the empirical results, the authors provide theoretical insights into the complex relationship between immigration patterns and labor markets.

scholarly journals Male/Female Differences in the Impact of Caring for Elderly Relatives on Labor Market Attachment and Hours of Work: 1997–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 694-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M Smith ◽  
Caroline Cawley ◽  
Allison Williams ◽  
Cameron Mustard
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Informal Care ◽  
Labor Market Participation ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Employment Relationships ◽  
Market Impacts ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Representative Samples

Abstract Objectives Using representative samples of the Canadian labor market (N = 5,871,850), this study examined male/female differences in the impact of informal care on labor market attachment, and the extent to which differences in labor market participation and employment relationships explained these differences over a 19-year period. Methods We examined four outcomes related to labor market impacts associated with caring for elderly relatives: leaving the labor market, working part-time, taking time off work in the previous week, and the amount of time taken off from work. Regression models examined differences between men and women, and the extent to which gendered labor market roles accounted for these differences. Results We observed an increase in all labor market outcomes over the study period. Women were more likely than men to experience each outcome. Adjusting for labor market role variables did not change these estimates appreciably. After adjustment for differences in labor market roles women were 73% more likely to leave the labor market, more than 5 times more likely to work part-time, and twice as likely to take time off in the last week due to informal care. Further, for temporary absences to provide care, women took an average of 160 min more per week than men. Discussion Taken together, these results suggest an increasing impact of informal care on labor market participation in Canada between 1997 and 2005, and it remains gendered.

scholarly journals The Impact of Economic Shocks on Workers' Labor Market Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hannah Illing
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Job Displacement ◽  
Market Impact ◽  
Economic Shocks ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Supply Shock ◽  
The Impact

In this dissertation, I analyze the effect of economic shocks on workers' labor market outcomes. In the first part of this thesis (Chapter 2), I investigate a labor supply shock in the form of cross-border migration. Chapters 3 and 4 in the second part of this thesis focus on the labor market impact of job displacement, resulting from a mass layoff, on individual workers’ careers.

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