scholarly journals Four species of saxicolous lichenized fungi new to Latvia

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolands Moisejevs ◽  
Polina Degtjarenko
Keyword(s):  
Lichenized Fungi ◽  
Lichen Biota ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Umbilicaria Hirsuta

Abstract Four species of saxicolous and acidophilous lichens - Dermatocarpon miniatum, Trapelia coarctata, Trapelia placodioides, and Umbilicaria hirsuta found on different types of granite boulders were reported as new to Latvian lichen biota. Data on substratum geology, accompanying species, microhabitat and distribution in neighbouring to Latvia countries are provided.

Lichen diversity of coarse woody habitats in a Pinus-Larix stand in the Italian Alps

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juri NASCIMBENE ◽  
Lorenzo MARINI ◽  
Renzo MOTTA ◽  
Pier Luigi NIMIS
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Lichen Diversity ◽  
Lichen Biota ◽  
Different Types

Abstract:In the European Alps, subalpine forests are important for lichen diversity conservation at multiple levels. However, the potential role of coarse woody debris (CWD) has been only marginally considered in the previous literature. The aims of this case study are (i) to provide a first evaluation of the effects of different types of CWD (stumps, logs, and snags) and wood decay on lichen diversity in Pinus-Larix forests in the Italian Alps, and (ii) to increase the knowledge of the lichen biota on CWD in Italy. Seventy-eight species were found, including 12 nationally rare and 10 calicioid species; Placynthiella hyporhoda is new to Italy. Different types of CWD in different decay stages had significantly different lichen communities. Snags seem to be particularly effective for conservation, since they host the highest number of nationally rare species. Our survey suggests that CWD could be an important substratum for several nationally rare species, indicating that further surveys at a regional scale are urgently required in order to evaluate the role of CWD for lichen diversity conservation in the Alps.

scholarly journals New records of driftwood lichens in the Kaffiøyra Plain (NW Spitsbergen, Svalbard)

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Węgrzyn ◽  
Paulina Wietrzyk ◽  
Edyta Adamska ◽  
Paweł Nicia
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Lichenized Fungi ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Lichen Biota ◽  
Main Substrate

Abstract This paper refers to lichen biota growing on driftwood in the Kaffiøyra Plain (NW Spitsbergen, Svalbard). The presented list of 25 lichenized fungi includes both the eurytopic, accidental, typical, and stenotopic species. Taxa that belong to the last two groups can be considered as lignicolous. This study confirms the existence of a specific group of lichen species, for which the driftwood is a main substrate in the Arctic. Additionally, five lichen species new for the whole Svalbard were recorded, namely: Candelariella coralliza, Elixia flexella, Lecanora saligna, Lecidea plebeja, and Xylographa sibirica.

scholarly journals Lichens in the agricultural land of Poland – diversity, threats, and protection: a literature review

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Zarabska-Bożejewicz
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Lichenized Fungi ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
Lichen Biota

Agricultural landscapes provide interesting habitats and substrates occupied by lichens. Nevertheless, there are still gaps in knowledge about diversity of lichenized fungi in rural areas and factors that determine their occurrence, including anthropogenic impact. The review includes recognition of this topic in the regional context in Poland and presents literature data about species diversity and habitat groups. Human influences in terms of their significance for lichens disappearance as well as preservation of the lichen biota are analyzed. A list of threatened lichens found in rural areas as well as a proposal for protection of the lichen biota are given.

scholarly journals Is a remarkable species – Caloplaca flavescens (lichenized fungi) – new to the Polish lichen biota?

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
Lucyna Śliwa ◽  
Karina Wilk
Keyword(s):  
Polarized Light ◽  
Lichenized Fungi ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Lichen Biota ◽  
Similar Appearance ◽  
First Time

<em>Caloplaca flavescens</em> is reported for the first time from Poland with all known localities citation. Diagnostic characters for the species are narrow, convex marginal lobes that are separated by furrows and gray crystals within the thallus cortex that are prominent in polarized light as well as lemon-shaped ascospores. Species of similar appearance include <em>C. aurantia, C. thallinicola</em> and some members of <em>C. saxicola</em> group. Differences between these species are briefly discussed. An up-to-date distribution map for <em>C. flavescens</em> in Poland is presented.

scholarly journals One Name – One Fungus: The Influence of Photosynthetic Partners on the Taxonomy and Systematics of Lichenized Fungi

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Kukwa ◽  
Magdalena Kosecka ◽  
Beata Guzow-Krzemińska
Keyword(s):  
Lichenized Fungi ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Symbiotic Associations ◽  
Fungal Partner ◽  
Code Of Nomenclature ◽  
Different Types

Lichens are fungi (mycobionts) that form symbiotic associations with photoautotrophic prokaryotes or eukaryotes (photobionts); however, some species can exchange photosynthetic partners during their lifecycles. This phenomenon modifies the morphology of lichens and consequently influences the taxonomy of lichenized fungi. Here, a few such cases in which the photobionts influenced the taxonomy and systematics of lichenized fungi are reviewed. Two different morphotypes of the same species – known as photomorphs – were classified as different species and sometimes different genera. Moreover, different types of photobionts and the absence or presence (optional lichenization) of an alga in the thallus were believed to be diagnostic characters for discriminating genera. However, the taxonomy and systematics of lichens are based always, according to Article F.1.1. of the <em>International </em><em>Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants</em>, on the fungal partner and only one name is applied.

scholarly journals Lichens and allied fungi of old parks of three museum-reserves in Moscow Region (Russia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Evgeniya Muchnik ◽  
Diana Cherepenina
Keyword(s):  
Lichenized Fungi ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Moscow Oblast ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Lichen Biota ◽  
Data Book ◽  
Ramalina Farinacea

We present the results of lichenological research in the parks of the museum-reserve Abramtsevo, the museum-reserve of A. S. Pushkin and the museum-estate Ostafyevo – Russian Parnassus, for which no previous data were available. The checklist of lichen biota contains 103 species including 98 lichens, a lichenicolous fungus and 4 non-lichenized fungi. 55 species were found in the park of the museum-reserve Abramtsevo, 58 species in the museum-reserve of A. S. Pushkin (estates Vyazemy – 51 and Zakharovo – 29) and 69 species in the museum-estate Ostafyevo – Russian Parnassus. Lichenochora obscuroides (Ostafyevo) is new for Central Russia. Cladonia macilenta, Evernia prunastri and Usnea hirta (Ostafyevo) are listed in the Red Data Book of Moscow. Parmelina tiliacea (Abramtsevo, Vyazemy), Ramalina farinacea, Usnea dasopoga and U. subfloridana (Abramtsevo) are listed in the Red Data Book of the Moscow Oblast. Chaenotheca chrysocephala, Melanelixia subargentifera, Parmelina tiliacea, Physconia perisidiosa and Ramalina europaea (Ostafyevo) are proposed for inclusion in the next edition of the Red Data Book of Moscow.

The foliicolous lichen biota of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, with the description of six new species

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dries VAN DEN BROECK ◽  
Robert LÜCKING ◽  
Damien ERTZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Lichenized Fungi ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Lichen Biota ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Lowland Rainforest

AbstractSix new species of foliicolous lichenized fungi are described as new to science from lowland rainforest in the Congo Basin: Bapalmuia serusiauxiana Van den Broeck, Lücking & Ertz (Pilocarpaceae) characterized by (7–)15(–19)-septate ascospores of (40–)50–65(–72)×1·5–2·5 μm, Microtheliopsis ramazaniana Van den Broeck, Lücking & Ertz (Microtheliopsidaceae) characterized by 1-septate ascospores of 13–16×3–5 μm, Phylloblastiaverheyeniana Van den Broeck, Lücking & Ertz (Verrucariaceae) characterized by 3-septate ascospores of 13–15(–17)×3·0–4·5 μm, Porina duduana Van den Broeck, Lücking & Ertz (Porinaceae) characterized by 3-septate ascospores of 11·0–14·5×2·5–3·0 μm, perithecia 130–150(–170) μm diam. and a photobiont with angular-rounded and irregularly arranged cells, Porina gryseelsiana Van den Broeck, Lücking & Ertz (Porinaceae) characterized by orange-brown perithecia and 7–9(–12)-septate ascospores of 29–46×5·0–7·5 μm, Porina weghiana Van den Broeck, Lücking & Ertz (Porinaceae) characterized by the presence of disc-shaped isidia, yellow perithecia without apical appendages and (7–)9-septate ascospores of 33–50×5·0–6·5 μm. In addition, 53 species new for the Democratic Republic of the Congo are listed, including five species new for tropical Africa and six new for the Palaeotropics, thus raising the number of species known from the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 150 to 209. Keys are presented to all known species of Microtheliopsis and to species of Porina with disc-shaped isidia.

The extinction time of a general birth and death process with catastrophes

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Brockwell
Keyword(s):  
Laplace Transform ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Extinction Time ◽  
Birth And Death Process ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Laplace Transform ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

The Laplace transform of the extinction time is determined for a general birth and death process with arbitrary catastrophe rate and catastrophe size distribution. It is assumed only that the birth rates satisfyλ0= 0,λj&gt; 0 for eachj&gt; 0, and. Necessary and sufficient conditions for certain extinction of the population are derived. The results are applied to the linear birth and death process (λj=jλ, µj=jμ) with catastrophes of several different types.

Differentiating between different forms of moral obligations

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajen A. Anderson ◽  
Benjamin C. Ruisch ◽  
David A. Pizarro
Keyword(s):  
Moral Character ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Different Types

Abstract We argue that Tomasello's account overlooks important psychological distinctions between how humans judge different types of moral obligations, such as prescriptive obligations (i.e., what one should do) and proscriptive obligations (i.e., what one should not do). Specifically, evaluating these different types of obligations rests on different psychological inputs and has distinct downstream consequences for judgments of moral character.

Ultrastructural Investigations of the Contractile Filaments of Amoebae

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
P.L. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Amoeboid Movement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Complete Interpretation

Previous freeze fracture results on the intact giant, amoeba Chaos carolinensis indicated the presence of a fibrillar arrangement of filaments within the cytoplasm. A complete interpretation of the three dimensional ultrastructure of these structures, and their possible role in amoeboid movement was not possible, since comparable results could not be obtained with conventional fixation of intact amoebae. Progress in interpreting the freeze fracture images of amoebae required a more thorough understanding of the different types of filaments present in amoebae, and of the ways in which they could be organized while remaining functional.The recent development of a calcium sensitive, demembranated, amoeboid model of Chaos carolinensis has made it possible to achieve a better understanding of such functional arrangements of amoeboid filaments. In these models the motility of demembranated cytoplasm can be controlled in vitro, and the chemical conditions necessary for contractility, and cytoplasmic streaming can be investigated. It is clear from these studies that “fibrils” exist in amoeboid models, and that they are capable of contracting along their length under conditions similar to those which cause contraction in vertebrate muscles.

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