scholarly journals Public Opinion Evolution Based on Complex Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeqing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Dynamic Networks ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Small World ◽  
The Public ◽  
Complex Agent ◽  
Complex Adaptive

Abstract The Sznajd model of sociophysics can describe the mechanism of making a decision in a closed community. The Complex Agent Networks (CAN) model is studied, based on the adaptability, autonomy and activity of the individuals, as well as the complex interactions of individuals in an open community for probing into evolution of the public opinion. With the help of the theory of complex adaptive systems and the methods of complex networks, the structure of agents, the dynamic networks scenarios and the evolutionary process of the agents are described. The simulation results of CAN model show that all individuals cannot reach a final consensus through mutual consultations when the small world networks rewiring probability p is less than a specified threshold. But when the rewiring probability p is larger than the given threshold, all individuals will eventually come to a finial consensus, and that the rewiring probability p increases, whereas the time of emergence of the public opinion will be significantly reduced. It is quite obvious that in real community the mass media and many other mechanisms have an effect on the evolutionary process of the public opinion.

How can a municipal government continue operations during megadisasters? An analysis of preparedness using complex adaptive systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 779-792
Author(s):  
Masahiko Haraguchi
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Municipal Government ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Continuity Planning ◽  
Complex Adaptive

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how government continuity planning contributes to strengthening the public sector's emergency preparedness, resulting in enhanced resilience of the public sector. Government continuity plans (GCPs) are a recently focused concept in disaster preparedness, compared to business continuity plans (BCPs) in the private sector. The need for BCPs was widely recognized after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) and the 2011 Thailand Floods. However, recent disasters, such as the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake in Japan, have revealed that local governments without effective GCPs were severely affected by disasters, preventing them from quickly responding to or recovering from disasters. When the GEJE occurred in 2011, only 11% of municipal governments in Japan had GCPs.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyzes basic principles of government continuity planning using complex adaptive systems (CAS) theory while summarizing recent developments in theory and practice of government continuity planning.FindingsThis research investigates the Japanese experience of GCPs using self-organization, one of the concepts of CAS. A GCP will complement regional disaster plans, which often focus on what governments should do to protect citizens during emergencies but fail to outline how governments should prepare for an emergency operation. The study concludes that GCPs contribute to increased resilience among the public sector in terms of robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness and rapidity.Practical implicationsThis paper includes implications for the development and improvement of a GCP's operational guideline.Originality/valueThis research fulfills an identified need to investigate the effectiveness of a GCP for resilience in the public sector and how to improve its operation using concepts of CAS.

scholarly journals Complexity and Evolution

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Path Dependence ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Basins Of Attraction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Complex Adaptive

Two widely heralded yet contested approaches to economics have emerged in recent years. One follows an older, rather neglected approach which emphasizes evolutionary theory in terms of individuals and institutions. The other emphasizes economies as complex adaptive systems. Important concepts from evolutionary theory include the distinction between proximate and ultimate causation, multilevel selection, cultural change as an evolutionary process, and human psychology as a product of gene–culture coevolution. Relevant concepts from complexity theory include self-organization, fractals, chaos, sensitive dependence, basins of attraction, and path dependence. This book explores these two bodies of theory and their potential impact on economics. Central themes include the challenges that emerge through integration, evolutionary behavioral economics, and the evolution of institutions. Practical applications are provided and avenues for future research highlighted.

scholarly journals Hungarian Energy Law as an Example of Using Complex System Viewpoints to Understand Risks in Public Administration Normativity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-55
Author(s):  
Máté Tóth ◽  
Gyula Vastag
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Complex Adaptive System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Systemic Risks ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
First Time ◽  
Energy Law

Complex networks and complex adaptive systems theories come from hard sciences. The question arises whether these viewpoints can add anything to the understanding of the operation and failures of continental normativity governing the public sector. In the first part, this paper intends to demonstrate for the first time via industry-specific examples that Hungarian energy law, one of the absolute extremes of the rigid continental law is per se following complex adaptive system attributes as being implemented by the public administration, thus refuting any reductionist and linear concepts of ‘classical’ continental public law routines and prejudice. This leads to such essential features of complex systems like emergence, the ‘robust yet fragile’ dilemma and the issue of systemic risk that we investigate in the second part, also covering unpublished case studies, letting us closer to identify risks within the law applied by public administration. This in our view can add a lot to the understanding and improvement of the quality of normativity in order to mitigate systemic risks within law and public administration.

scholarly journals Regional Innovation Systems as Complex Adaptive Systems: The Case of Lagging European Regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2862 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Ponsiglione ◽  
Ivana Quinto ◽  
Giuseppe Zollo
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Systems ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Regional Innovation Systems ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Complex Adaptive

This article proposes an agent-based model to support the development of self-sustaining regional innovation systems (RIS). The model is the base of a computational laboratory, CARIS (Complex Adaptive Regional Innovation System), which aims at evaluating the self-sustainability of RIS and at investigating what are the resources, competencies and mechanisms able to trigger powerful innovation and economic growth processes. Such a topic is particularly interesting for the so-called lagging regions, which, notwithstanding noticeable policy interventions, have been unable to significantly improve their innovation performances. Results of this study show that the exploration capacity, the propensity to cooperation, and the endowed competencies of actors belonging to a region could be considered as key aspects in affecting the regional innovation performance. This means that policy-makers should (i) incentivize investments in research and development activities both at the public and private levels; (ii) support public-private partnerships; (iii) enhance national and regional university systems; and (iv) increase the number of researchers employed both in the public and private sectors. In the next future, the CARIS laboratory could be adopted as policy support instrument to evaluate how much effective are current innovation policies and what are the most effective ones to reassess the current patterns.

scholarly journals Complexity, diversity and the role of the public sphere on the Internet

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 961-984
Author(s):  
Nathan Eckstrand
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Public ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Relationship

This article explores the relationship between deliberative democracy, the Internet, and systems theory’s thoughts on diversity. After introducing Habermas’s theory of deliberative democracy and how diversity fits into it, the article discusses various ideas about whether and how it could work on the Internet. Next, the article looks at research into diversity done in the field of complex adaptive systems, showing that diversity has both good and bad effects, but is clearly preferred for the purpose of survival. The article concludes with an analysis of how the results of systems theory’s study of diversity can assist society in bringing democracy to the Web.

Remarks on whale cultures from a complex systems perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-344
Author(s):  
Gottfried Mayer-Kress ◽  
Mason A. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Small World ◽  
Small World Networks ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The target article provides stimulating evidence for culture in cetaceans but does not provide a coherent theoretical framework. We argue that a complex, adaptive systems approach not only can provide such a framework but also can contribute advanced data analysis and simulation methods. For humpback whale songs, we suggest the framework of “small-world networks” to model the observed spatio-temporal dynamics.

scholarly journals Öffentlichkeit als komplexes System [The public sphere as a complex system]

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Waldherr
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Complex Adaptive Systems ◽  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
The Public ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
Complex Adaptive ◽  
The Public Sphere

In this paper, I show how concepts of complexity can be used to explain dynamic macro phenomenaof the public sphere, such as news waves, polarization, or communication cascades. Ialso discuss to what extent public spheres have grown more complex in the course of digitalization,and how this affects the dynamics of public communication processes. My focus is tofurther develop existing system theoretical approaches of the public sphere towards a theoryof complex, adaptive systems that can be connected to other models of public spheres; notablynetwork and public arenas models, as well as to interdisciplinary complexity research. Iintroduce the fundamental characteristics of complex systems; i.e. interconnectedness, selforganization,emergence, nonlinearity and heterogeneity, showing how they apply to the systemof the public sphere in its contemporary digitized context. I then point out the methodologicalconsequences of this perspective, and conclude by commenting on its integrative potentialfor theory development in public sphere research.

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