The challenges of diagnosing diabetes in childhood

Diagnosis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mairi Pucci ◽  
Marco Benati ◽  
Claudia Lo Cascio ◽  
Martina Montagnana ◽  
Giuseppe Lippi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Narrative Literature ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification ◽  
Narrative Literature Review ◽  
Optimal Approach ◽  
Diagnostic Step

AbstractDiabetes is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, whereby type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) alone involves nearly 15 million patients. Although T1DM and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are the most common types, there are other forms of diabetes which may remain often under-diagnosed, or that can be misdiagnosed as being T1DM or T2DM. After an initial diagnostic step, the differential diagnosis among T1DM, T2DM, Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) and others forms has important implication for both therapeutic and behavioral decisions. Although the criteria used for diagnosing diabetes mellitus are well defined by the guidelines of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), no clear indications are provided on the optimal approach to be followed for classifying diabetes, especially in children. In this circumstance, both routine and genetic blood test may play a pivotal role. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to provide, through a narrative literature review, some elements that may aid accurate diagnosis and classification of diabetes in children and young people.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence-Based Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus: Combining Fundus Photography with Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnostic Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yang Xiang ◽  
Lai Shujin ◽  
Chang Hongfang ◽  
Wen Yinping ◽  
Yu Dawei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Fundus Photography ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Resources ◽  
New Approach

In this study, we propose a technique for diagnosing both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in a quick, noninvasive way by using equipment that is easy to transport. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects public health globally. Although diabetes mellitus can be accurately diagnosed using conventional methods, these methods require the collection of data in a clinical setting and are unlikely to be feasible in areas with few medical resources. This technique combines an analysis of fundus photography of the physical and physiological features of the patient, namely, the tongue and the pulse, which are used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. A random forest algorithm was used to analyze the data, and the accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 scores for the correct classification of diabetes were 0.85, 0.89, 0.67, and 0.76, respectively. The proposed technique for diabetes diagnosis offers a new approach to the diagnosis of diabetes, in that it may be convenient in regions that lack medical resources, where the early detection of diabetes is difficult to achieve.

Conceptual study of malnutrition related diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr.Pallavi Bhirud ◽  
Dr. Borase Jayaprakash Balasaheb
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Juvenile Diabetes ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Age Group ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Conceptual Study ◽  
Deficiency Type

The Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by absolute or relative insulin deficiency. Type 1 diabetes is commonly known as juvenile diabetes, because it typically strikes during childhood and sometimes adolescents, and young age group. Now in the whole world nearly about 24% of population is suffering from diseases. The first widely accepted classification of diabetes mellitus was published by WHO in 1980 named them as IDDM (type-1) and NIDDM (type-2) and Malnutrition related diabetes mellitus (MRDM) was introduced in 1985. In India Malnutrition has high prevalence rate Malnutrition during intrauterine and early childhood period may impair growth and development. This review provides an overview of Juvenile Diabetes in children with MRDM. The juvenile diabetes and MRDM is a palliative disease. It cannot be completely cured, but can be controlled by medication, food, Ayurvedic Chikitsa and Lifestyle Changes.

Classification of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus from Studies of ICA, HLA and Insulin Secretory Capacity

1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-344
Author(s):  
Nobuo Matsuura ◽  
Kenji Fujieda ◽  
Yuhei Mikami ◽  
Hiroko Fujita ◽  
Shohei Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretory Capacity ◽  
Secretory Capacity

Misread and mistaken: Étienne Lancereaux’s enduring legacy in the classification of diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
pp. 096777202091479
Author(s):  
James R Wright Jr. ◽  
Lynn McIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Juvenile Diabetes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Juvenile Onset ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Adult Onset Diabetes ◽  
French Physician

Historians of diabetes have long claimed that physicians were aware of two distinct types of diabetes mellitus by the 1880s, and that these were the direct forerunners of type 1, juvenile-onset and type 2, adult-onset diabetes. French physician Étienne Lancereaux (1829–1910), based on autopsy and clinical studies, classified diabetes either as diabète maigre (thin, or more accurately emaciated, diabetes), which he believed to be pancreatic in origin with a poor prognosis, or diabète gras (fat diabetes), which he believed had a much better prognosis and was not pancreatic in origin. Historians citing Lancereaux have claimed that he observed the former to occur in young and the latter in middle-aged and elderly people. We review the papers of Lancereaux to clarify his clinical observations and understanding of diabetes. Lancereaux’s description of diabète maigre bores little resemblance to juvenile diabetes and all of his thin patients were middle-aged or older. On the other hand, his diabète gras is akin to type 2 diabetes and he might well deserve credit for its characterization.

Lack of Evidence Linking Infant Feeding Regimen and Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 137 (Supplement 3) ◽  
pp. 237A-237A
Author(s):  
Robin S. Feldman ◽  
Michael Falk ◽  
Kathy A. Grako ◽  
Dawn A. Groenke ◽  
Allison Cooke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Feeding Regimen

Model estimates of the results of diabetes patients using modern glucometers with tri-color technology for displaying test results

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Larisa Dmitrievna Popovich ◽  
Svetlana Valentinovna Svetlichnaya ◽  
Aleksandr Alekseevich Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Impact

Diabetes – a disease in which the effect of the treatment substantially depends on the patient. Known a study showed that the use of glucometers with the technology of three-color display of test results facilitates self-monitoring of blood sugar and leads to a decrease in glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc). Purpose of the study: to modeling the impact of using of a glucometer with a color-coded display on the clinical outcomes of diabetes mellitus and calculating, the potential economic benefits of reducing the hospitalization rate of patients with diabetes. Material and methods. Based on data from two studies (O. Schnell et al. and M. Baxter et al.) simulation of the reduction in the number of complications with the use of a glucometer with a color indication. In a study by O. Schnell et al. a decrease of HbA1c by 0.69 percent is shown when using the considered type of glucometers, which was the basis of the model. Results. In the model, the use of a glucometer with a color-coded display for type 1 diabetes led to a decrease in the total number of complications by 9.2 thousand over 5 years per a cohort of 40 thousand patients with different initial levels of HbA1c. In a cohort of 40 thousand patients with type 2 diabetes, the simulated number of prevented complications was 1.7 thousand over 5 years. When extrapolating these data to all patients with diabetes included in the federal register of diabetes mellitus (FRD), the number of prevented complications was 55.4 thousand cases for type 1 diabetes and 67.1 thousand cases for type 2 diabetes. The possible economic effect from the use of the device by all patients with a diagnosis of diabetes, which are included in the FRD, estimated at 1.5 billion rubles for a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes and 5.3 billion rubles for patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion. Improving the effectiveness of self-monitoring, which is the result of the use of glucometers with color indicators, can potentially significantly reduce the incidence of complications in diabetes and thereby provide significant economic benefits to society.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document