scholarly journals Comparison of Aerobic Performance Testing Protocols in Elite Male Wheelchair Basketball Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Molik ◽  
Andrzej Kosmol ◽  
Natalia Morgulec-Adamowicz ◽  
Judit Lencse-Mucha ◽  
Anna Mróz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Wheelchair Sports ◽  
Arm Crank Ergometer

AbstractIn wheelchair sports, aerobic performance is commonly assessed with the use of an arm crank ergometer (ACE), a wheelchair ergometer (WCE) or a wheelchair treadmill (WCT). There are different protocols to identify peak oxygen uptake in wheelchair sports; however, only a few protocols have been applied to evaluate these conditions in wheelchair basketball players. The purpose of this study was to compare physiological responses during maximal exercise testing with the use of ACE and WCT in wheelchair basketball players. Twelve elite male wheelchair basketball players participated in this study. The research was performed during a training camp of the Polish National Wheelchair Basketball Team. The study participants were divided into two functional categories: A (players with class 1.0 - 2.5) and B (players with class 3.0 - 4.5). Two main maximal exercise tests, i.e. wheelchair treadmill stress test (WCT test) and arm crank ergometer stress test (ACE test) were used to evaluate aerobic performance of the players. There were no statistically significant differences in aerobic tests between the players from both groups. The comparison of results achieved in two aerobic tests performed on WCT and ACE did not reveal any significant differences between the analyzed variables (peak heart rate (HRpeak), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), minute ventilation (VE), anaerobic threshold (AT), lactate concentration (LApeak), and a drop in lactate concentration (%LA)). Strong correlations between results achieved in WCT and ACE tests were found for VO2peak, VE and LApeak. The main conclusion of the study is that both WCT and ACE tests may be useful when determining aerobic capacity of wheelchair basketball players. Moreover, both protocols can be used by athletes regardless of their functional capabilities and types of impairment.

Physiological Profiles of Elite Wheelchair Basketball Players in Preparation for the 2000 Paralympic Games

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L. Goosey-Tolfrey
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Skinfold Measurements ◽  
Physiological Profiles ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

The purpose of this study was to examine the physiological changes in elite wheelchair basketball players leading up to the 2000 Paralympics. Twelve male players attended regular physiological assessments on six occasions; averaged data of two sessions for each year were used. Physiological measures included body mass, skinfold measurements, peak oxygen uptake and peak power obtained during maximal sprinting. VO2peak significantly increased from 2.65 to 2.83 L·min-1 prior to the Paralympics. Training had little influence on the anthropometric measurements or maximal sprinting data. In conclusion, the GB wheelchair basketball players appeared to have high levels of aerobic and anaerobic fitness. The longitudinal physiological profiles leading to the 2000 Paralympics suggest that players improved their aerobic base while maintaining other fitness prerequisites.

Peak Oxygen Uptake of Elite Wheelchair Athletes

1990 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Coutts
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Wheelchair Athletes ◽  
Ventilatory Equivalent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Progressive Exercise ◽  
Track Athletes

Nine male elite wheelchair athletes performed a continuous progressive exercise test on a wheelchair ergometer to determine peak oxygen uptake. Three were paraplegic distance track competitors (SCI–TR), three were amputee distance track athletes (AMP–TR), and three were paraplegic basketball players (SCI–BB). Analysis of variance indicated a significant difference in the relative peak oxygen uptake between the groups, with the SCI–TR and AMP–TR groups having higher values than the SCI–BB group. No group differences were found in age, mass, oxygen uptake, ventilation, heart rate, ventilatory equivalent for oxygen, and oxygen pulse at maximal exercise. The absence of the mass of the lower extremities in the AMP–TR group has a significant effect on peak oxygen uptake relative to body mass, and relative peak oxygen uptake differences between individual SCI–TR and AMP–TR athletes did not appear to reflect performance differences in actual distance track events.

scholarly journals Physiological responses and cycle characteristics during double-poling versus diagonal-stride roller-skiing in junior cross-country skiers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik P. Andersson ◽  
Irina Hämberg ◽  
Paulo Cesar Do Nascimento Salvador ◽  
Kerry McGawley
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Time To Exhaustion ◽  
Double Poling ◽  
Cross Country

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to compare physiological factors and cycle characteristics during cross-country (XC) roller-skiing at matched inclines and speeds using the double-poling (DP) and diagonal-stride (DS) sub-techniques in junior female and male XC skiers. Methods Twenty-three well-trained junior XC skiers (11 women, 12 men; age 18.2 ± 1.2 yr.) completed two treadmill roller-skiing tests in a randomized order using either DP or DS. The exercise protocols were identical and included a 5 min warm-up, 4 × 5 min submaximal stages, and an incremental test to exhaustion, all performed at a 5° incline. Results No significant three-way interactions were observed between sex, submaximal exercise intensity, and sub-technique. For the pooled sample, higher values were observed for DP versus DS during submaximal exercise for the mean oxygen uptake kinetics response time (33%), energy cost (18%), heart rate (HR) (9%), blood lactate concentration (5.1 versus 2.1 mmol·L−1), rating of perceived exertion (12%), and cycle rate (25%), while cycle length was lower (19%) (all P < 0.001). During the time-to-exhaustion (TTE) test, peak oxygen uptake ($$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2peak), peak HR, and peak oxygen pulse were 8%, 2%, and 6% lower, respectively, for DP than DS, with a 29% shorter TTE during DP (pooled data, all P < 0.001). Conclusion In well-trained junior XC skiers, DP was found to exert a greater physiological load than DS during uphill XC roller-skiing at submaximal intensities. During the TTE test, both female and male athletes were able to ski for longer and reached markedly higher $$\dot{V}$$ V ˙ O2peak values when using DS compared to DP.

scholarly journals Respiratory muscle strength and aerobic performance of wheelchair basketball players

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael N. Pereira ◽  
Marcos Fabio R. Abreu ◽  
Camila B. Gonçalves ◽  
Wilson Flávio S. Corrêa ◽  
Daniel R. Mizuhira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Respiratory Muscle ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Respiratory Muscle Strength ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Basketball Players

scholarly journals Peak Oxygen Uptake Recovery Delay After Maximal Exercise in Patients With Heart Failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 434-437
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kadariya ◽  
Justin M. Canada ◽  
Marco Giuseppe Del Buono ◽  
Jessie van Wezenbeek ◽  
Inna Tchoukina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure

Voluntary fluid intake, hydration status, and aerobic performance of adolescent athletes in the heat

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 834-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boguslaw Wilk ◽  
Brian W. Timmons ◽  
Oded Bar-Or
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Adolescent Male ◽  
Aerobic Performance ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Time To Exhaustion

We determined whether beverage flavoring and composition would stimulate voluntary drink intake, prevent dehydration, and maintain exercise performance in heat-acclimated adolescent males running in the heat. Eight adolescent (age, 13.7 ± 1.1 years) runners (peak oxygen uptake, 59.5 ± 4.0 mL·kg–1·min–1) underwent at least four 80-min exercise heat-acclimation sessions before completing 3 experimental sessions. All sessions were performed at 30 °C and 60%–65% relative humidity. Each experimental session consisted of five 15-min treadmill runs at a speed eliciting 65% peak oxygen uptake, with a 5 min rest prior to each run. Ten minutes after the final run, a time to exhaustion test was performed at a speed eliciting 90% peak oxygen uptake. Counterbalanced experimental sessions were identical, except for fluid intake, which consisted of tap water (W), flavored water (FW), and FW with 6% carbohydrate and 18 mmol·L–1 NaCl (CNa) consumed ad libitum. Fluid intake and body weight were monitored to calculate dehydration. Voluntary fluid intake was similar to fluid losses in W (1032 ± 130 vs. 1340 ± 246 g), FW (1086 ± 86 vs. 1451 ± 253 g), and CNa (1259 ± 119 vs. 1358 ± 234 g). As a result, significant dehydration was avoided in all trials (–0.45% ± 0.68% body weight in W, –0.66% ± 0.50% body weight in FW, and –0.13% ± 0.71% body weight in CNa). Core temperature increased by ~1 °C during exercise, but was not different between trials. Time to exhaustion was not different between trials and averaged 8.8 ± 1.7 min. Under exercise conditions more closely reflecting real-life situations, heat-acclimatized adolescent male runners can appropriately gauge fluid intake regardless of the type of beverage made available, resulting in consistency in exercise performance.

Treatment of Anaemia in Haemodialysis Patients with Erythropoietin: Long-Term Effects on Exercise Capacity

1993 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Báaráany ◽  
Ulla Freyschuss ◽  
Erna Pettersson ◽  
Jonas Bergström
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Recombinant Human Erythropoietin ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Human Erythropoietin ◽  
Hb Concentration ◽  
Maximal Exercise Capacity

1. The effects of correcting anaemia on exercise capacity were evaluated in 21 haemodialysis patients (aged 39 ± 12 years) before starting treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (Hb concentration, 73 ± 10 g/l; total Hb, 59 ± 12% of expected), after correction of the anaemia to a Hb concentration of 108 ± 7 g/l and a total Hb 82 ± 10% of expected, and in 13 of the patients after 12 months on maintenance recombinant human erythropoietin treatment (Hb concentration 104 ± 14 g/l, total Hb 79 ± 17% of expected). Fifteen healthy subjects (aged 41 ± 9 years), who took no regular exercise, constituted the control group. Maximal exercise capacity was determined on a bicycle ergometer. Oxygen uptake, respiratory quotient, blood lactate concentration, heart rate and blood pressure were measured at rest and at maximal workload. 2. After 6 ± 3 months on recombinant human erythropoietin, maximal exercise capacity increased from 108 ± 27 W to 130 ± 36 W (P < 0.001) and the maximal oxygen uptake increased from 1.24 ± 0.39 litres/min to 1.50 ± 0.45 litres/min (P < 0.001). No significant changes in respiratory quotient (1.16 ± 0.13 versus 1.18 ± 0.13) and blood lactate concentration (4.0 ± 1.8 versus 3.6 ± 1.1 mmol/l) at maximal workload were observed, but the blood lactate concentration in the patients was significantly lower than that in the control subjects (6.7 ± 2.3 mmol/l, P < 0.01). After the correction of anaemia, the aerobic power was still 38% lower in the patients than in the control subjects and 17% lower than the reference values. 3. After 12 months on maintenance recombinant human erythropoietin treatment (17 ± 3 months from the start of the study), no further significant changes were observed in maximal exercise capacity (before start, 112 ± 31 W, 6 ± 3 months, 134 ± 42 W, 17 ± 3 months, 134 ± 50 W), maximal oxygen uptake (before start, 1.33 ± 0.45 litres/min; 6 ± 3 months, 1.59 ± 0.54 litres/min; 17 ± 3 months, 1.75 ± 0.78 litres/min) or blood lactate concentration (before start, 4.4 ± 1.9 mmol/l; 6 ± 3 months, 4.0 ± 1.0 mmol/l; 17 ± 3 months, 4.7 ± 2.0 mmol/l). 4. Thus, in haemodialysis patients the improvement in maximal aerobic power after the correction of anaemia persists without marked changes during long-term treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin. We did not observe any effects on exercise capacity that could be attributed to a spontaneous increase in physical activity after treatment of anaemia.

Physiological Responses to Specific Maximal Exercise Tests for Cross-Country Skiing

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip B. Watts ◽  
Jon Eric Sulentic ◽  
Kip M. Drobish ◽  
Timothy P. Gibbons ◽  
Victoria S. Newbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Double Poling ◽  
Cross Country

The present study attempted to quantify differences in peak physiological responses to pole-striding (PS), double poling on roller skis (DP), and diagonal striding on roller skis (DS) during maximal exercise. Six expert cross-country ski racers (3 M, 3 F) with a mean age of 20.2 ± 1.3 yrs served as subjects. Testing was conducted on a motorized ski treadmill with a tracked belt surface. Expired air was analyzed continuously via an automated open-circuit system and averaged each 20 s. Heart rate was monitored via telemetry and arterialized blood was collected within 1 min of test termination and analyzed immediately for lactate. Peak values for heart rate and blood lactate did not differ among techniques. Peak oxygen uptake was higher for PS and DS versus DP whereas no difference was found between PS and DS. The VO2 peak for DP was 77 and 81% of VO2 peak for PS and DS, respectively. It was concluded that despite similar peak heart rate and blood lactate values, DP elicits a lower VO2 peak than DS or PS and that PS responses appear to closely reflect those of DS. Key words: exercise testing, maximum oxygen uptake, roller skiing, specificity of exercise, x-c skiing

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