The role of partial androgen deficiency in aging men in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Pechersky
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Androgen Deficiency ◽  
Aging Men ◽  
Reduce Insulin Resistance

AbstractOnce people reach 35-40 years, they have a decrease in their pool of pluripotent stem cells, and show a violation of tissue renewal, a decrease in the number of cell-producers of testosterone (Leidig cells) and a reduction in testosterone circulating in the blood. Partial androgen deficiency in aging men violates division and differentiation of androgen-dependent cells and increases the risk for development of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. The recovery of testosterone production and regeneration helps make a decrease in proliferative activity, and the rehabilitation of regulation of androgen-dependent cells of the prostate and other tissues and organs, as well as reduce insulin resistance among older men.

scholarly journals Impact of cyclin D1 and DJ-1 on diagnosis, clinico-pathological features and outcome in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Amrallah A. Mohammed ◽  
Hanna M. Ibrahim ◽  
Hanna A. Atwa ◽  
Ayman Elshentenawy ◽  
Amira Elwan
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractBackgroundDisturbance in cell cycle regulatory genes is a common finding among many types of cancers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of cyclin D1 and DJ-1 in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PC).MethodThe current study enclosed 40 patients diagnosed with PC and 40 cases of BPH. The expression level of cyclin D1 and DJ-1 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Cyclin D1 scored depending on the percentage of stained nuclear tumor cells. While scoring of DJ-1 was based on intensity. The results were correlated with clinicopathological features and outcome.ResultsIn the PC group, cyclin D1 was detected in 95% and overexpressed in 42.5%, DJ-1 was positively stained in 85% and overexpressed in 47.5%. Meanwhile, in the BPH group, cyclin D1 was not detected and DJ-1 stained in only 2.5%. There was a statistically significant difference in Gleason score (GS), tumor stage, size, and treatment failure (p =< 0.001). In the terms of PC diagnosis prediction, although cyclin D1 was more specific (100%), DJ-1 is more sensitive than cyclin D1 (80%, 70%, respectively) (p = 0.000).ConclusionsCyclin D1 and DJ-1 may emerge as a promising way for diagnosis of PC in certain circumstances, as the presence of insufficient tissue sampling, small foci of carcinoma or benign lesions mimic PC. This is in addition to the known role of cyclin D1 and DJ-1 in PC prognosis.

scholarly journals Role of gangliosides in prostate pathology

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Ilinca Nicolae ◽  
◽  
Corina-Daniela Ene ◽  
Simona Roxana Georgescu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Molecular Pathology ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Immunologic Markers ◽  
Immunological Interactions

Molecular pathology of benign prostatic hyperplasia is multifactorial and involves endocrine, biochemical, immunological interactions. The mechanisms involved in the onset and progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia are: infections, 50 years of age, hormones and neurotransmitters imbalances, inflammation, oxidative stress. The potential role of glycosylation in the pathogenesis of prostate disease has been neglected. In this study we documented the profile of gangliosides in normal and pathological prostatic tissues together with the pathologic changes seen in the level of extracellular gangliosides in patients with prostate pathology. Analysis of the data in the literature suggests that gangliosides may represent immunologic markers useful in the differential diagnosis between prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

THE DIAGNOSTIC ROLE OF SERUM IGF-1 AND IGFBP-3 IN PATIENTS WITH PROSTATE CANCER AND BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA

1999 ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Patrik Finne ◽  
Hannu Koistinen ◽  
Wan-Ming Zhang ◽  
Anssi Auvinen ◽  
Riitta Koistinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Igfbp 3

scholarly journals Computer simulations suggest that prostate enlargement due to benign prostatic hyperplasia mechanically impedes prostate cancer growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 1152-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Lorenzo ◽  
Thomas J. R. Hughes ◽  
Pablo Dominguez-Frojan ◽  
Alessandro Reali ◽  
Hector Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Mechanical Stress ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Prostate Hyperplasia ◽  
Aging Men ◽  
Prostatic Tumor

Prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia are common genitourinary diseases in aging men. Both pathologies may coexist and share numerous similarities, which have suggested several connections or some interplay between them. However, solid evidence confirming their existence is lacking. Recent studies on extensive series of prostatectomy specimens have shown that tumors originating in larger prostates present favorable pathological features. Hence, large prostates may exert a protective effect against prostate cancer. In this work, we propose a mechanical explanation for this phenomenon. The mechanical stress fields that originate as tumors enlarge have been shown to slow down their dynamics. Benign prostatic hyperplasia contributes to these mechanical stress fields, hence further restraining prostate cancer growth. We derived a tissue-scale, patient-specific mechanically coupled mathematical model to qualitatively investigate the mechanical interaction of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. This model was calibrated by studying the deformation caused by each disease independently. Our simulations show that a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia creates mechanical stress fields in the prostate that impede prostatic tumor growth and limit its invasiveness. The technology presented herein may assist physicians in the clinical management of benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer by predicting pathological outcomes on a tissue-scale, patient-specific basis.

Oxidative Stress in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Lucia Minciullo ◽  
Antonino Inferrera ◽  
Michele Navarra ◽  
Gioacchino Calapai ◽  
Carlo Magno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Key Words Oxidative Stress

Background: Several parameters including inflammatory mediators, hormones, dietary factors, inflammatory genes, and oxidative stress (OS) have been considered to play a role in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostate tissue damage and OS may lead to compensatory cellular proliferation with resulting hyperplastic growth. Methods: We searched MEDLINE for articles in English published up to March 2014 using the key words ‘oxidative stress', ‘antioxidants' and ‘benign prostatic hyperplasia'. Results: Prostatic inflammation can cause the generation of free radicals. The extent of oxidative damage can be exacerbated by a decreased efficiency of antioxidant defense mechanisms. The balance between OS and the antioxidant component also has a role in developing prostate disease. Several works show the role of oxidant products and of depletion of antioxidant substances in BPH patients. It is accepted that free radicals play a role in carcinogenesis and that BPH should be considered a premalignant condition which may evolve into prostate cancer. High OS parameters and low antioxidant activity are more prominent in prostate cancer patients compared with BPH and controls. Conclusions: Further studies are needed to clarify the potential role of antioxidants in BPH also in view of preventing the progression to prostate cancer.

scholarly journals The role of anogenital distance in the incidence risk of prostate cancer in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
jiatong zhou ◽  
ranlu liu
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Anogenital Distance ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Androgen Levels

Abstract Background: Anogenital distance（AGD） can be used as a biomarker to indirectly indicate androgen levels during the sexual maturation of mammals. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the association between the AGD and the risk of prostate cancer(PCa), we performed this studyMaterials: A total of 107 patients undergoing perineal prostate biopsy from November 2019 to August 2020 were enrolled. All patients diagnosed 57 PCa patients and 50 benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) patients through perineal prostate biopsy in our hospital . The anus to the posterior base of the scrotum (AGDAS) and the cephalad insertion of the penis (AGDAP) of all patients were measured before prostate biopsy.Result: The mean age of patients with PCa was 69.46 ± 7.52 and the mean age of patients with BPH was 67.38± 8.26. We did not find a significant association between age and BMI in the risk of PCa(all p＞0.05). Besides, there was no significant association between AGD and the risk of PCa(p＞0.05). we only discovered that PSA could play an important role in the development of PCa.Conclusion: AGD may not play an important role in predicting the incidence risk of PCa. we still need a large-scale prospective study to explore the ture association between AGD and the incidence of PCa.

scholarly journals Steroidal 5α-Reductase: A Therapeutic Target for Prostate Disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelima Dhingra
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Critical Juncture ◽  
Reductase Deficiency ◽  
Reductase Inhibitors ◽  
5Α Reductase Deficiency

Steroidal 5α-reductase is a system of NADPH dependent enzyme that catalyzes the irreversible conversion of Δ4–3-ketosteroid precursor (testosterone) to its corresponding 5α-reduced metabolite (dihydrotestosterone). Initial role of DHT was discovered through males pseudohermaphroditism, a genetic disorder with complete or partial 5α-reductase deficiency accompanied with features at critical juncture of fetal and postnatal development. However, excessive DHT production, has brought a revolution in revealing the etiology of complications like prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Over the last two decades, converging lines of evidences have highlighted the role of 5α-reductase inhibitors in the treatment of these androgen dependent disorders. Finasteride and Dutasteride, are the two clinically approved inhibitors available in the market, that helps in reducing the prostate volume by blocking the 5a-reductase enzyme.

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