The Determinants of Military Expenditure in Asia and Oceania, 1992–2016: A Dynamic Panel Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongfang Hou
Keyword(s):  
Trade Openness ◽  
Military Expenditure ◽  
Regime Type ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Chinese Military ◽  
Military Expenditures ◽  
Dynamic Panel Analysis ◽  
Difference Gmm ◽  
The Impact

AbstractUsing a dynamic panel approach, this article examines the determinants of military expenditures for 29 Asian and Oceanian countries during 1992–2016. A two-step difference-GMM estimator is applied. Both the impact of Chinese and US military expenditure on sample countries’ military budgets are considered. Results show that sample countries do not respond to Chinese military expenditure; however, these countries respond to US military expenditure. Moreover, lagged military expenditure, GDP, population, and trade openness are important determinants of military spending, while wars and regime type are not.

scholarly journals Effect of Trade Openness on Food Security in the EU: A Dynamic Panel Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Fusco ◽  
Benedetta Coluccia ◽  
Federica De Leo
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Dynamic Panel Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The problem of food insecurity is growing across the world, including economically developed countries. In Europe, the question is not just about the total supply of foods, but it includes even the accessibility of prices and their nutritional and qualitative adequacy. In this context many countries recognize the importance of trade policies to ensure adequate levels of food security. The aim of this work was to analyze the impact of trade openness on the level of food security in European countries, using a dynamic panel analysis with the generalized method of moments (GMM) approach. We selected two different indicators of food security (average protein supply, average dietary energy supply adequacy) capable of offering information both on the quantity and on the nutritional quality of the food supply. In order to improve the robustness of the empirical results, we developed three different regressions, with three trade openness indicators (trade openness, tariff, globalization) for each food security indicator. The results showed that commercial opening has, on average, a statistically significant net positive impact on the food security of European countries. Additional results indicate that also economic development, together with the importance of the agricultural sector, can improve food security levels.

scholarly journals The Impact of US Military Spending on Public Debt in Europe (1992–2013): A Note

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Caruso ◽  
Marco Di Domizio
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Military Spending ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Panel Estimation ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper investigates the relationship between the US military spending and public debt in a panel of European countries in the period 1992–2013. Under the established evidence of the interdependence between US and European military spending, we exploited a dynamic panel estimation. Findings show that the debt of European countries is: (1) positively associated with US military spending; (2) negatively associated with average military burden of other European countries.

scholarly journals Dynamic Panel Analysis under Cross-Sectional Dependence

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khusrav Gaibulloev ◽  
Todd Sandler ◽  
Donggyu Sul
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dynamic Panels ◽  
Cross Sectional Dependence ◽  
Dynamic Panel Regression ◽  
Dynamic Panel Analysis ◽  
The Impact

This article investigates inconsistency and invalid statistical inference that often characterize dynamic panel analysis in international political economy. These econometric concerns are tied to Nickell bias and cross-sectional dependence. First, we discuss how to avoid Nickell bias in dynamic panels. Second, we put forward factor-augmented dynamic panel regression as a means for addressing cross-sectional dependence. As a specific application, we use our methods for an analysis of the impact of terrorism on economic growth. Different terrorism variables are shown to have no influence on economic growth for five regional samples when Nickell bias and cross-dependence are taken into account. Our finding about terrorism and growth is contrary to the extant literature.

Determinants Of Internet Financial Reporting Of Croatian Banks – Panel Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Ivica Pervan ◽  
Marijana Bartulović
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Reporting Practices ◽  
Capital And Ownership Structure ◽  
Dynamic Panel Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Descriptive Level

<p>In the recent years, reporting and transparency of banks is in the focus of national and international regulators and their aim is to increase the transparency of financial institutions in order to strengthen stability of the banking system. In this paper, the authors used dynamic panel analysis in order to analyze the practice of Internet financial reporting of Croatian banks in the period from 2010 to 2014. Research of Bank's Internet financial reporting practices was carried out at two levels. At the first, descriptive level, the goal of the research was to determine the level as well as trends of Internet financial reporting of 27 Croatian banks during the observed period. It is assumed that the level of Internet financial reporting during the analyzed period increased as a result of stricter regulations in the financial sector. In order to measure the level of financial reporting by banks, Bank Internet financial reporting score was developed on the basis of 45 elements - criteria which are divided into two groups: financial reporting (20 elements) and corporate governance and risks (25 elements). The second goal of the research was to determine factors that significantly affect the practice of Bank Internet financial reporting in Croatia. The authors applied dynamic panel analysis in order to determine the impact of size, profitability, adequacy of capital and ownership structure on the level of Internet financial reporting of banks.</p>

scholarly journals A dynamic panel analysis using SIPRI’s extended military expenditure data: The case of Middle Power nations

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Douch ◽  
Binyam Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Military Expenditure ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Middle Power ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Dynamic Panel Analysis ◽  
Middle Powers

This study employs SIPRI’s extended military expenditure dataset to estimate a dynamic panel analysis of Middle Powers’ defense posture. The dynamic approach, particularly the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach, permits simultaneous, but separate, assessment of short- and long-run effects of a particular variable on military expenditure. We verify the robustness of earlier findings on Middle Power nations’ defense posture. In particular, their military expenditure tends to an income elasticity of greater than one indicating that military power is, at least in part, a status good. In addition, Middle Powers react to threat variables that proxy global instability, such as nuclear power proliferation, and they use foreign aid as a complementary policy tool. Competing demands for funds lead to significant tradeoffs between military and nonmilitary government spending.

scholarly journals The effect of military spending on economic growth in South Asian countries during the years 2004 to 2016

2018 ◽  
pp. 129-144
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Method Of Moments ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Military Expenditure ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Military Expenditures ◽  
The Impact

Governments and states initiate to up grate social welfare and prosperity through military expenditure and security expenses. On the hand, politicians concentrate on economic growth as a measure of social wafer and prosperity. Empirically growth has dramatically improved the livelihood, comfort, and consumption of a large number of people, as compared to the past people now have access to more nutrition, clothing, better educational material and qualified services. In order to examine empirically the impact of military expenditure on economic growth, this paper follow the Effect of Military Expenditures on Economic Growth (in South Asia during 2004 to 2016) as main objective. After Diagnostic Tests Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) has been used. The findings of the research indicate positive impact of Military Expenditure on Economic Growth in South Asian Countries. However, the impact of Import, Export and Investment are Statistically Significant on economic growth of South Asian Countries.

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