Acute phase response in the primiparous dairy cows after repeated percutaneous liver biopsy during the transition period

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute phase response of dairy cows to repeated liver biopsy in order to estimate the safety of this procedure during the transition period. Liver biopsies (up to 1000 mg of liver tissue) were conducted twice a day, 7 days before expected parturition and 3 days after calving. The number of needle insertions for each biopsy was recorded and was dependent on the amount of obtained tissue. Blood samples were taken on day 7 before expected parturition, then on days 3, 4, 7 and 14 after calving. Body temperature was measured daily in all 30 cows from day 3 until day 14 after calving. The concentrations of haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, fibrinogen and interleukin-6 were determined in serum and plasma. In 16.7% of cows, the rectal body temperature rose by ≥ 0.5°C on the day after liver biopsy. Although the concentrations of haptoglobin, serum amyloid A and fibrinogen increased significantly after calving (p<0.01), there was no influence of the number of biopsies on the acute phase reaction and repeated biopsy during the transition period had no effect on body temperature. Therefore, the procedure may be regarded as safe for cows during the transition period.

Download Full-text

Expression of serum amyloid A protein in the absence of the acute phase response does not reduce HDL cholesterol or apoA-I levels in human apoA-I transgenic mice

The Journal of Lipid Research ◽

10.1016/s0022-2275(20)32143-x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 648-653 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Hiroshi Hosoai ◽

Nancy R. Webb ◽

Jane M. Glick ◽

Uwe J.F. Tietge ◽

Matthew S. Purdom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transgenic Mice ◽

Acute Phase ◽

Acute Phase Response ◽

Serum Amyloid A ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Phase Response ◽

Serum Amyloid ◽

Amyloid A ◽

Serum Amyloid A Protein

Download Full-text

The acute phase response and C-reactive protein

Oxford Textbook of Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0239 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 2199-2207

Author(s):

Mark B. Pepys

Keyword(s):

Acute Phase ◽

Acute Phase Response ◽

Serum Amyloid A ◽

Acute Phase Proteins ◽

Phase Response ◽

Serum Amyloid ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Amyloid A ◽

Serum Amyloid A Protein

The acute phase response—trauma, tissue necrosis, infection, inflammation, and malignant neoplasia induce a complex series of nonspecific systemic, physiological, and metabolic responses including fever, leucocytosis, catabolism of muscle proteins, greatly increased de novo synthesis and secretion of a number of ‘acute phase’ plasma proteins, and decreased synthesis of albumin, transthyretin, and high- and low-density lipoproteins. The altered plasma protein concentration profile is called the acute phase response. Acute phase proteins—these are mostly synthesized by hepatocytes, in which transcription is controlled by cytokines including interleukin 1, interleukin 6, and tumour necrosis factor. The circulating concentrations of complement proteins and clotting factors increase by up to 50 to 100%; some of the proteinase inhibitors and α‎1-acid glycoprotein can increase three- to fivefold; but C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A protein (an apolipoprotein of high-density lipoprotein particles) are unique in that their concentrations can change by more than 1000-fold. C-reactive protein—this consists of five identical, nonglycosylated, noncovalently associated polypeptide subunits. It binds to autologous and extrinsic materials which contain phosphocholine, including bacteria and their products. Ligand-bound CRP activates the classical complement pathway and triggers the inflammatory and opsonizing activities of the complement system, thereby contributing to innate host resistance to pneumococci and probably to recognition and safe ‘scavenging’ of cellular debris. Clinical features—(1) determination of CRP in serum or plasma is the most useful marker of the acute phase response in most inflammatory and tissue damaging conditions. (2) Acute phase proteins may be harmful in some circumstances. Sustained increased production of serum amyloid A protein can lead to the deposition of AA-type, reactive systemic amyloid.

Download Full-text