scholarly journals The Influence of Goat Milk and Soybean Milk Kefir On IL-6 and Crp Levels in Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Agatha Swasti Ayuning Tyas ◽  
Scolastika Dita Kristian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Soybean Milk ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Abstract Background and Aims: Hyperglycemia increases inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Goat and soybean milks have been known to reduce inflammation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of goat milk and soybean milk kefir on IL-6 and CRP levels in diabetic rats. Materials and Method: A total of 25 male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: 1) normal rats; 2) diabetic rats; 3) diabetic rats with intake of goat milk kefir; 4) diabetic rats with intake of soybean milk kefir; and 5) diabetic rats with combination of both types of kefir. Before kefir administration for 4 weeks, plasma glucose was measured. After treatment, plasma glucose, CRP and IL-6 levels were assessed. Results: There was a significant decline of plasma glucose in diabetic rats with goat milk kefir (p=0.021), and in diabetic rats with the combination of both goat milk and soybean milk kefir (p<0.001). After treatment, CRP level in diabetic rats was significantly higher when compared with those that had goat milk kefir (p=0.043). All of diabetic rats with kefir had IL-6 values significantly lower than diabetic rats without it (p=0.021). Conclusion: Both goat milk and soybean milk kefir can reduce IL-6 level, but only goat milk kefir can reduce CRP in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SILYMARIN ON INTESTINAL ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE LEVEL IN A RAT MODEL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: STREPTOZOTOCIN AND HIGH-FAT DIET TREATED WISTAR RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Lalitha V ◽  
Sivakumar T
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase

Objective: This research elucidated the role of silymarin on intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) level in type 2 diabetic rats.Methods: The type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced by a high-fat diet (HFD - 58% calories fat) for 2 weeks, and rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (STZ) 35 mg/kg. Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group I served as a non-diabetic (normal), Group II served as diabetic, Group III diabetic animals treated glibenclamide 600 μg/kg for 14 days, and Group IV diabetic animal treated with glibenclamide and silymarin 50 mg/kg/twice/d for 14 days. At the end of the study, blood glucose, lipid profile, and IAP level were measured.Results: A significant decrease in IAP, elevated levels of blood glucose, and lipid profile was seen in diabetic rats when compared with normal. The silymarin treatment showed a significant increase in IAP level, a significant reduction in glucose and lipid profile than diabetic rats.Conclusion: The present study concludes that silymarin treatment enhances the IAP levels which protect against hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and vascular complications in diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Leaf Extracts of Anchomanes difformis Ameliorated Kidney and Pancreatic Damage in Type 2 Diabetes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Toyin Dorcas Alabi ◽  
Nicole L. Brooks ◽  
Oluwafemi O Oguntibeju
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Pancreatic Damage ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
End Stage

Kidney disease in diabetes is one of the common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus implicated in end-stage renal failure. This study explored the ability of Anchomanes difformis to ameliorate kidney and pancreatic damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus using male Wistar rats. Two weeks of fructose (10%) administration followed by streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) were used to induce type 2 diabetes. Leaf extract (aqueous) of Anchomanes difformis (200 mg and 400 mg/kgBW) was administered orally for six weeks. Body weights were monitored, urea and creatinine were measured. Interleukins (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, and TNFα were measured in the kidney lysate. CAT, SOD, ORAC, FRAP, and MDA levels were also evaluated in the kidney. Transcription factors (Nrf2 and NF-ĸB/p65) and apoptotic markers (Bcl2 and caspase 3) were investigated in the kidney. Histological sections of the pancreas and kidney tissues were examined for any visible pathology. Supplementation with Anchomanesdifformis enhanced antioxidant status, modulated inflammatory response, and reduced apoptosis in the kidney. It also restored the kidney and pancreatic histoarchitecture of the treated diabetic rats. The pathophysiology associated with diabetic nephropathy and pancreatic damage showcase the importance of exploring the use of antidiabetic, nephroprotective agents such as Anchomanes difformis to kidney damage in type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals The Effect of High Intensity Intermittent Training (HIIT) on GLP-1R Expression in Pancreas Tissue and Serum Insulin of Male Wistar Rats with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Karimi ◽  
Mojtaba Eizadi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Intermittent Training ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Objective: Insulin secretion and insulin resistance are associated with incidence and severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to assess the effect of high intensity intermittent training (HIIT) on GLP-1R expression in pancreas tissue and serum insulin of T2DM rats. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, T2DM induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin-Nicotinamide in 16 male wistar rats aged 10 weeks (220 – 20 g). The rats were divided into control (no-training, n= 8) and HIIT (5 times/ week/12-week, n= 8) groups. GLP-1R expression in pancreas tissue, fasting glucose and serum insulin were measured 48 h after lasted exercise of exercise and control groups. Independent and paired T-test was used to compare variables between 2 groups. Results: HIIT resulted in significant increase in GLP-1R expression compared to control subjects (P-value: 0.023). Fasting glucose decreased (P-value< 0.0001) and serum insulin increased     (P-value< 0.0001) in response to HIIT when compared to control subjects. Conclusion: HIIT can improve insulin secretion in male rats with T2DM and this improvement can be attributed to increased GLP-1R expression in pancreas tissue in response to training protocol.

scholarly journals Role of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling in heart and liver-related complications in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 030006052199759
Author(s):  
Jiajia Tian ◽  
Yanyan Zhao ◽  
Lingling Wang ◽  
Lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1

Aims To analyze expression of members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR)4/myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway in the heart and liver in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Our overall goal was to understand the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Methods We measured fasting blood glucose (FBG) and insulin (FINS) in a rat model of T2DM. Expression of members of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway as well as downstream cytokines was investigated. Levels of mRNA and protein were assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. Protein content of tissue homogenates was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results Diabetic rats had lower body weights, higher FBG, higher FINS, and higher intraperitoneal glucose tolerance than normal rats. In addition, biochemical indicators related to heart and liver function were elevated in diabetic rats compared with normal rats. TLR4 and MyD88 were involved in the occurrence of T2DM as well as T2DM-related heart and liver complications. TLR4 caused T2DM-related heart and liver complications through activation of NF-κB. Conclusions TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling induces production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, leading to the heart- and liver-related complications of T2DM.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SITAGLIPTINAND PIOGLITAZONE AS ADDONTHERAPY OVER PLASMA GLUCOSE LEVEL IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS : AN OBSERVATIONAL COHORT STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Ravindra Kumar Das ◽  
Rahul Kumar Sinha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Glucose Level ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Pioglitazone Group

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive chronic disorder and sustained control of plasma glucose is essential to prevent complications. Pioglitazoneofthiazolidinedionesand sitagliptin of Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4I) have recently been used as add-on therapy to control type 2 DM. The aim of this study was to compare the plasma glucose and glycocelatedHb% level of both the group who had poor glycemic control with Metformin and sulfonylurea. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this observational cohort study, 100 patients with uncontrolled type 2 DM on 2000 mg/day of Metformin and 4 mg/day of Glimepiride were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups with fifty each. One group received two divided doses of pioglitazone (30 mg/day) and the other received two divided doses of sitagliptin (100 mg/day) as the third medication. Plasma glucose fasting and 2 hours after drug and meal along with HbA1c were assessed before and after three months of treatment. Results: Fasting plasma glucose level in the sitagliptin group was higher than the pioglitazone group; however, this difference was not statistically significant (130.30 ± 30.29 versus 124.58 ± 46.84, p=0.212). Significantdifferences were not observed in HbA1c (7.20±0.96 versus 7.43±0.99, p=0.563) and plasma glucose 2 hours after meal (194.56±66.22 versus 198.58±51.5, p=0.946) after treatment withsitagliptin and pioglitazone among the two groups. Mean weight in the sitagliptin group was lower compared to the pioglitazone group after treatment, however, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.824). Conclusion: Both the molecule as third agent had similar efficacy in glycemic control. Sitagliptin is better choice to add-on therapy in obese overweight patients.

scholarly journals Neuregulin-4 is associated with plasma glucose and increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Z. Kocak ◽  
Gulali Aktas ◽  
Edip Erkus ◽  
Ozgur M. Yis ◽  
Tuba T. Duman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Neuregulin 4
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