scholarly journals Heritability of Yield and Secondary Traits in two populations of Para Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis)

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Narayanan ◽  
Kavitha K. Mydin
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Bark Thickness ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Yield Depression

AbstractHeritability and interactions of yield and growth traits were assessed in Hevea brasiliensis using full-sib progenies and clonal populations. Using parent-offspring regression, annual mean rubber yield (ARY) and summer yield (SY) showed moderate to high heritability (ARY, h2 =34–56%; SY, h2 =36–52%). Among the yield components, girth exhibited low to moderate heritability (h2 =17–36%) while branching height showed low heritability (h2 =18%). Using forty clonal genotypes, annual mean rubber yield (H2=48%), rubber yield during peak period (H2=47%) and rubber yield during stress (or summer yield) (H2=44%) showed high estimates of heritability. Among the other yield components, except volume of latex during stress period (H2=40%), remaining yield components showed moderate estimates for heritability (H2=29–37%). Dry rubber content (DRC) based on annual mean showed very high heritability (H2=68%), followed by DRC during stress (H2=51%) and peak (H2=50%) periods. Latex flow rate based on annual mean and peak period data showed high heritability (H2=51%) followed by latex flow rate during stress period (H2=42%). Plugging indices of annual and stress period showed high heritability (H2=43%) than that of peak period (H2=25%). Regarding growth traits, girth showed high heritability (H2=50%) than girth increment (H2=32%). While bark thickness showed high heritability (H2=40%) length of tapping panel showed moderate heritability (H2=27%). Total chlorophyll content exhibited moderate heritability (H2=22%); chlorophyll pigment ratio showed low heritability (H2=5%). Based on parent-offspring analysis, annual mean rubber yield exhibited high genetic correlation with summer yield and girth. Annual mean rubber yield and summer yield were negatively correlated with branching height. Regarding phenotypic correlations among the forty clonal genotypes, annual mean rubber yield exhibited high correlation with latex volume, latex flow rate, DRC, girth and bark thickness. However, annual mean rubber yield was negatively correlated with yield depression under stress and plugging index. Rubber yield, volume and rate of flow of latex over the three periods, yield depression under stress, girth increment, annual mean plugging index and plugging index under stress showed high estimates of genetic advance. The high estimates of heritability for yield and its components coupled with their high genetic gain indicated that considerable improvement can be achieved for these traits through selection. Estimates for indirect selection efficiency were not optimal for indirect selection for yield using girth and summer yield.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI TANAMAN KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) PADA WAKTU PENGUMPULAN LATEKS YANG BERBEDA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Mochlisin Andriyanto ◽  
Andi Wijaya ◽  
Junaidi . ◽  
Arief Rachmawan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rubber Particle ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Solid Content ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Collection Period

Latex is a colloidal suspended of rubber particle in rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). Technically, the capacity of rubber productivity can be determined by latex collectionperiod after being tapped. The objective of research was to obtain the differences of latex collection period. The study was conducted in September-November 2017 at the Sungei Putih Research Center in Experimental Estate with PB 260 (7 years tapped) on BO-2 (S/2 d3.ET2.5% Ga1.0 6/y(m)).The experimental designused a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four treatments of latex collection periodi.e 20, 40, 60, 80 minutes after being tapped with three replicates respectively. The parameters observed was gram/tree/tapping (g/p/s), kg/ha/years, latex flow rate (ml/minutes) and total solid content (%).The results showed that latex collection period was significantly different to g/p/s, kg/ha/years and latex flow rate. Total solid content (TSC) was not significantlydifferent in all treatments. The latex collection period of 20 minutes after being tapped had higher productivity than 40, 60, 80 minutes.

POSSIBILITY OF EARLY COMMENCEMENT OF TAPPING IN RUBBER (HEVEA BRASILIENSIS) USING DIFFERENT GENOTYPES AND TAPPING SYSTEMS

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. L. K. GUNASEKARA ◽  
E. A. NUGAWELA ◽  
W. A. J. M. DE COSTA ◽  
D. P. S. T. G. ATTANAYAKE
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
The Other ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Rubber Production ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Lower Stem

The feasibility of commencing tapping (‘opening’) of rubber trees for latex extraction at a lower stem girth (40 and 45 cm) than the currently recommended 50 cm was investigated in three different genotypes. The possibility of combining early opening with low frequency tapping and yield stimulation using Ethrel (LFT + E) was also examined. One of the genotypes tested, RRIC 121, gave a higher dry rubber yield, both per tapping and cumulatively over a given period, when opened at 40 cm than at 50 cm. Of the other two genotypes, one (RRISL 211) showed a clear reduction in yield with early opening, while the other (RRIC 102) did not show a significant yield response. Among the three genotypes tested, RRIC 121 showed the minimum depression in trunk girth increment. Analysis of yield components showed that the response of a given genotype to early opening and LFT + E is determined by the interaction between latex volume per tapping and dry rubber content (DRC), which were negatively correlated. RRIC 121 had a significantly greater DRC, which enabled it to maintain a higher dry rubber yield under early opening and LFT + E despite producing a lower latex volume than both the other genotypes. In contrast, despite producing a substantially greater latex volume than the other two genotypes, RRISL 211 did not produce a higher dry rubber yield because of its lower DRC. The higher DRC was also responsible for the greater response of RRIC 121 to yield stimulation with Ethrel, which reduced the plugging index and increased the initial latex flow rate. Early commencement of tapping in combination with LFT + E is therefore possible in rubber when amenable genotypes are selected, offering the potential of improving the economics of rubber production, especially for smallholders, in West Asia.

scholarly journals Co- and post-translational processing of the hevein preproprotein of latex of the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis)

1991 ◽  
Vol 266 (24) ◽  
pp. 15944-15948
Author(s):  
H.I. Lee ◽  
W.F. Broekaert ◽  
N.V. Raikhel ◽  
H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Rubber Tree

scholarly journals Ethrel® stimulant increases the activity of soluble invertase isoforms in rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) bark tissues

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Débora Domiciano ◽  
◽  
Pollyanna Aparecida Carvalho ◽  
Luiz Edson Mota de Oliveira ◽  
Hilda Beatriz W. Cárdenaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Rubber Tree

scholarly journals Expression and characterization of active site mutants of hevamine, a chitinase from the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis

2002 ◽  
Vol 269 (3) ◽  
pp. 893-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evert Bokma ◽  
Henriëtte J. Rozeboom ◽  
Mark Sibbald ◽  
Bauke W. Dijkstra ◽  
Jaap J. Beintema
Keyword(s):  
Active Site ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Active Site Mutants

scholarly journals ANATOMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TENSION WOOD IN Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Mull. Arg.

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1099-1107
Author(s):  
Letícia Maria Alves Ramos ◽  
João Vicente de Figueiredo Latorraca ◽  
Thayanne Caroline Castor Neto ◽  
Letícia Souza Martins ◽  
Elias Taylor Durgante Severo
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Tension Wood ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Microfibril Angle ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Longitudinal Distribution ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Gelatinous Fibers ◽  
Gelatinous Fiber

ABSTRACT Tension wood is an important anatomical structure for its participation in the orientation of the trunk and the architecture of the branches as a function of structural reinforcement. However, its presence in large amounts significantly affects the technological properties of wood, just as in the rubber tree. Nevertheless, there is still demand for information about the origin, distribution and structural features in this species. Thus, this study aims to characterize the cellular structures in tension and opposite wood in Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree), as well as its radial and longitudinal distribution. Discs at the base and the middle of the commercial logs were collected from three trees in a commercial plantation located in Tabapoã - SP. Tangential diameter of vessels, fiber length (gelatinous and non-gelatinous fibers), microfibril angle and proportionality of cellular elements (vessels, axial parenchyma, ray, gelatinous fibers and non-gelatinous fibers) were measured, and influence of gelatinous fiber presence in vessel diameter was observed. Gelatinous fibers were observed in the two types of wood and in the two trunk heights. Both types of wood were distinguished by gelatinous fiber length and the proportion of axial parenchyma. The tension wood in mid-trunk was the most different, with long gelatinous fibers and less abundant, larger vessel diameter and vessel proportion. Moreover, smaller vessel diameter was observed in the regions with a high proportion of gelatinous fibers, suggesting that the plant invests more support than in liquid transport.

scholarly journals Screening of endophytes from rubber trees (hevea brasiliensis) for biological control of Corticium salmonicolor

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Minh ◽  
Mai Huu Phuc ◽  
Duong Nhat Linh ◽  
Tran Thi A Ni ◽  
Tran Kien Duc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Rubber Tree ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Living Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples

28 leaves and living-tissue samples of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) were collected from Ho Chi Minh City, Binh Phuoc province and Binh Duong province (Viet Nam). We isolated and screened endophytes that have potential application as agents for biocontrol of Corticium salmonicolor, the agent of Pink Disease in rubber trees. As a result, 21 strains of endophytic bacteria and 14 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated. Antagonistic activity of the endophytes towards C. salmonicolor was checked by using a dual culture. Testing results showed that: T9, T15 and T16 strains have inhibited C. salmonicolor. T9 and T16 strains showed result that 100% of inhibiting C. salmonicolor at the concentration of 1:1. In the test of ability to kill C. salmonicolor, T9 and T16 strains showed that they could kill C. salmonicolor after 3 sprays of bacterial filtrate. T9 and T6 strains, which were identified by biochemical methods, have similar characteristics to Bacillus thuringiensis.

scholarly journals Genetic variation for seed yield components of Westerwold ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum var. westerwoldicum).

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Elgersma ◽  
A.P.M. Den Nijs ◽  
F.A. Van Eeuwijk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Seed Yield Components ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Genetic variation for seed yield components was studied in 4 diploid varieties of Westerwold ryegrass, and 19 genotypes from each variety were grown in the field in 2 clonal replicate rows (minirows). The number of inflorescences/minirow, the numbers of spikelets/inflorescence and florets and seeds/spikelet, 1000-grain weight and seed yield/minirow were determined. Floret site utilization (FSU) was calculated as (seeds/floret) x 100%. Genotypic variation and heritabilities were calculated. Correlation studies and path analyses were carried out in each variety separately. Among varieties, no significant differences occurred for seed yield. However, within varieties large genetic variation was present for both seed yield and yield components. Path analyses revealed that relationships between seed yield components differed to a great extent among varieties. FSU was the major yield component in 3 varieties, but in one variety inflorescence number was the most important yield component. There was ample scope for genetic improvement of seed yield. FSU had a very high heritability and was not correlated with any of the other seed yield components. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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