Influence of fire on ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae, Scolytinae and Platypodinae) in rubber tree plantations (Hevea brasiliensis) in southern Brazil

Rubber tree Corynespora leaf fall (CLF) disease, caused by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola, is one of the most damaging diseases in rubber tree plantations in Asia and Africa, and this disease also threatens rubber nurseries and young rubber plantations in China. C. cassiicola isolates display high genetic diversity, and virulence profiles vary significantly depending on cultivar. Although one phytotoxin (cassicolin) has been identified, it cannot fully explain the diversity in pathogenicity between C. cassiicola species, and some virulent C. cassiicola strains do not contain the cassiicolin gene. In the present study, we report high-quality gapless genome sequences, obtained using short-read sequencing and single-molecule long-read sequencing, of two Chinese C. cassiicola virulent strains. Comparative genomics of gene families in these two stains and a virulent CPP strain from the Philippines showed that all three strains experienced different selective pressures, and metabolism-related gene families vary between the strains. Secreted protein analysis indicated that the quantities of secreted cell wall-degrading enzymes were correlated with pathogenesis, and the most aggressive CCP strain (cassiicolin toxin type 1) encoded 27.34% and 39.74% more secreted carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) than Chinese strains YN49 and CC01, respectively, both of which can only infect rubber tree saplings. The results of antiSMASH analysis showed that all three strains encode ~60 secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters (SM BGCs). Phylogenomic and domain structure analyses of core synthesis genes, together with synteny analysis of polyketide synthase (PKS) and non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters, revealed diversity in the distribution of SM BGCs between strains, as well as SM polymorphisms, which may play an important role in pathogenic progress. The results expand our understanding of the C. cassiicola genome. Further comparative genomic analysis indicates that secreted CAZymes and SMs may influence pathogenicity in rubber tree plantations. The findings facilitate future exploration of the molecular pathogenic mechanism of C. cassiicola.

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Ethrel® stimulant increases the activity of soluble invertase isoforms in rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) bark tissues

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.18.12.01.pne770 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 99-107

Author(s):

Débora Domiciano ◽

◽

Pollyanna Aparecida Carvalho ◽

Luiz Edson Mota de Oliveira ◽

Hilda Beatriz W. Cárdenaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hevea Brasiliensis ◽

Rubber Tree

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Nutrient cycling in a RRIM 600 clone rubber plantation

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162003000200021 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 353-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Marcos Roberto Murbach ◽

Antonio Enedi Boaretto ◽

Takashi Muraoka ◽

Euclides Caxambu Alexandrino de Souza

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Cycling ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Nutrient Loss ◽

Tree Plantations ◽

Rubber Plantation ◽

Rubber Latex ◽

Nutrient Retranslocation ◽

One Year ◽

K Fertilization

Few reports have been presented on nutrient cycling in rubber tree plantations (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.). This experiment was carried out to evaluate: the effect of K rates on the amount of nutrients transfered to the soil in a 13-year old Hevea brasilensis RRIM 600 clone plantation, nutrient retranslocation from the leaves before falling to the soil, and nutrient loss by dry rubber export. The experiment started in 1998 and potassium was applied at the rates of 0, 40, 80 and 160 kg ha-1 of K2O under the crowns of 40 rubber trees of each plot. Literfall collectors, five per plot, were randomly distributed within the plots under the trees. The accumulated literfall was collected monthly during one year. The coagulated rubber latex from each plot was weighed, and samples were analyzed for nutrient content. Increasing K fertilization rates also increased the K content in leaf literfall. Calcium and N were the most recycled leaf nutrients to the soil via litterfall. Potassium, followed by P were the nutrients with the highest retranslocation rates. Potassium was the most exported nutrient by the harvested rubber, and this amount was higher than that transfered to the soil by the leaf literfall.

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Expression and characterization of active site mutants of hevamine, a chitinase from the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis

European Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1046/j.0014-2956.2001.02721.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 269 (3) ◽

pp. 893-901 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Evert Bokma ◽

Henriëtte J. Rozeboom ◽

Mark Sibbald ◽

Bauke W. Dijkstra ◽

Jaap J. Beintema

Keyword(s):

Active Site ◽

Hevea Brasiliensis ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Active Site Mutants

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Effects of climatic factors on native arbuscular mycorrhizae and Meloidogyne exigua in a Brazilian rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) plantation

Plant Pathology ◽

10.1046/j.1365-3059.1999.00300.x ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 19-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Schwob ◽

Ducher ◽

Coudret

Keyword(s):

Hevea Brasiliensis ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽

Climatic Factors ◽

Rubber Tree

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ANATOMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF TENSION WOOD IN Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Mull. Arg.

Revista Árvore ◽

10.1590/0100-67622016000600016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 1099-1107

Author(s):

Letícia Maria Alves Ramos ◽

João Vicente de Figueiredo Latorraca ◽

Thayanne Caroline Castor Neto ◽

Letícia Souza Martins ◽

Elias Taylor Durgante Severo

Keyword(s):

Hevea Brasiliensis ◽

Fiber Length ◽

Tension Wood ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Microfibril Angle ◽

Vessel Diameter ◽

Longitudinal Distribution ◽

Axial Parenchyma ◽

Gelatinous Fibers ◽

Gelatinous Fiber

ABSTRACT Tension wood is an important anatomical structure for its participation in the orientation of the trunk and the architecture of the branches as a function of structural reinforcement. However, its presence in large amounts significantly affects the technological properties of wood, just as in the rubber tree. Nevertheless, there is still demand for information about the origin, distribution and structural features in this species. Thus, this study aims to characterize the cellular structures in tension and opposite wood in Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree), as well as its radial and longitudinal distribution. Discs at the base and the middle of the commercial logs were collected from three trees in a commercial plantation located in Tabapoã - SP. Tangential diameter of vessels, fiber length (gelatinous and non-gelatinous fibers), microfibril angle and proportionality of cellular elements (vessels, axial parenchyma, ray, gelatinous fibers and non-gelatinous fibers) were measured, and influence of gelatinous fiber presence in vessel diameter was observed. Gelatinous fibers were observed in the two types of wood and in the two trunk heights. Both types of wood were distinguished by gelatinous fiber length and the proportion of axial parenchyma. The tension wood in mid-trunk was the most different, with long gelatinous fibers and less abundant, larger vessel diameter and vessel proportion. Moreover, smaller vessel diameter was observed in the regions with a high proportion of gelatinous fibers, suggesting that the plant invests more support than in liquid transport.

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Screening of endophytes from rubber trees (hevea brasiliensis) for biological control of Corticium salmonicolor

ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY ◽

10.46223/hcmcoujs.tech.en.8.2.345.2018 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 38-44

Author(s):

Nguyen Van Minh ◽

Mai Huu Phuc ◽

Duong Nhat Linh ◽

Tran Thi A Ni ◽

Tran Kien Duc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Hevea Brasiliensis ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Antagonistic Activity ◽

Ho Chi Minh City ◽

Viet Nam ◽

Dual Culture ◽

Living Tissue ◽

Tissue Samples

28 leaves and living-tissue samples of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) were collected from Ho Chi Minh City, Binh Phuoc province and Binh Duong province (Viet Nam). We isolated and screened endophytes that have potential application as agents for biocontrol of Corticium salmonicolor, the agent of Pink Disease in rubber trees. As a result, 21 strains of endophytic bacteria and 14 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated. Antagonistic activity of the endophytes towards C. salmonicolor was checked by using a dual culture. Testing results showed that: T9, T15 and T16 strains have inhibited C. salmonicolor. T9 and T16 strains showed result that 100% of inhibiting C. salmonicolor at the concentration of 1:1. In the test of ability to kill C. salmonicolor, T9 and T16 strains showed that they could kill C. salmonicolor after 3 sprays of bacterial filtrate. T9 and T6 strains, which were identified by biochemical methods, have similar characteristics to Bacillus thuringiensis.

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