scholarly journals Determinants of Access to Formal Credit by the Poor Households

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mduduzi Biyase ◽  
Bianca Fisher
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Household Head ◽  
National Income ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Heckman Selection Model ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Primary Means

Abstract This paper investigates the determinants of access to formal credit by poor households in South Africa. Despite some progress in poverty reduction in the recent years, it remains astonishingly high by historical and international standards. Access to credit is believed by some scholars to be a primary means to address poverty and improve the standards of living of poor households. Thus, it is necessary to identify the determinants of the propensity to borrow and of the amount that is borrowed. Using 2008-2012 data from the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS), a Heckman Selection model was estimated. The results from this study suggest that age of the household head, race, educational level, gender, employment, geographic location of households affect the propensity to borrow by poor households in South Africa.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF PROFITABILITY OF SMALLHOLDER IRRIGATED FOOD PLOTS IN THE EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE OF SOUTH AFRICA

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lelethu Mdoda ◽  
Ajuruchukwu Obi
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Crop Farming ◽  
Food Plots

Smallholder irrigation farming is transformative to poor households as they improve livelihoods and alleviate poverty but little has been done to quantify their profitability. The present study assessed the profitability of smallholder irrigated crop farmers in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa and ascertained their determinants. A multi-stratified technique was employed to select 120 smallholder irrigated crop farmers. Data were analysed using gross margin and multiple regression models. Results showed that crop production is profitable. Farm experience, years spent in school, access to credit, distance to markets, and tractor use were found to have a bearing on the profitability of the irrigated crop farmers. Based on the results, crop farming is identified as crucial for jobs and poverty reduction.  

scholarly journals Situational Analysis on Access of Livelihood Capitals in Livelihoods of Poor Households

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubavel M
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
To Come ◽  
Livelihood Capitals

<p class="normal">Poverty is one of the major problem of developing countries, the United Nation organization taken up eliminating poverty is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). The poverty has been addressed through various approaches, methods, schemes and programmes schemes in the past. This paper proposes a new dimension to address the poverty reduction and through promoting the livelihood for the poor households. The lacks of capitals are one of the major problems to start livelihood activities. The livelihood activities of poor households depend on the availability of livelihood capitals as a starting point, Poor households used to combine the resource run their livelihood activities, Livelihood capitals are important for running the livelihood activities. The availability and accessibility of livelihood capitals for poor households help to build up their livelihood activities. Livelihood capitals are such as natural, physical, human, financial and social capital. The improvement in these livelihood capitals can improve the livelihood outcomes. The accesses to these livelihood capitals are important in promoting and sustaining livelihood activities. Access to credit is one of the most important would help to come out of poverty. This paper explores the availability and accessibility of livelihood capital for the poor households and presents the empirical study conducted among 503 rural poor households who were involved in the livelihood activities of in Alathur Block of Perambalur District, Tamil Nadu, India.</p>

scholarly journals COMPOSITION AND DETERMINANTS OF RURAL NON-FARM INCOME DIVERSIFICATION IN NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluseyi Olutoyin Olugbire ◽  
Oluwatosin Esther Obafunsho ◽  
Titilope Omolara Olarewaju ◽  
Ruth Ibukun Kolade ◽  
Festus Abiodun Odediran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
National Bureau ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Reduction Strategies

Farming has been considered as main source of income for rural households in Nigeria, despite their involvement in other income generating activities. Focusing on income derivable from farming alone may be partially responsible for the ineffective poverty reduction strategies in Nigeria. Using the National Living Standard Survey data collected by the National Bureau of Statistics, this paper investigated the composition and determinants of non-farm incomes of rural households in Nigeria. The results show that the share of farm, non-farm wage (NFW)- and self-employment (NFS) incomes in total household incomes were 24.3%, 43.0% and 23.7% respectively. Households whose heads are male (0.647), had formal education (0.522), increased the likelihood of households’ participation in NFW activities, while access to credit (-0.307) and having larger farm size (-0.221) decreased it. Access to credit (0.379); community participation (0.103); larger family size (0.193) and possession of capital assets (0.069) increased the likelihood of participation in NFS-employment activities, while having larger farm size (-0.211) decreased it. The study concludes that policy targeting poverty reduction should focus on providing enabling environment for poor households’ access to non-farm activities in the study area.

scholarly journals The Determinants of Households Having Savings Accounts in Rwanda

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
Charles Ruranga ◽  
Scott Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Logit Models ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Savings Accounts ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Savings Bank ◽  
Household Heads

This paper analyses the determinants of Rwandan households having savings accounts using Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey  (IHLCS) data of 2010/11. After a background discussion and literature review an empirical analysis is presented with different variables adopted and analysed as determinants of household’s head having savings accounts. Poverty level, age, gender, residential area and level education of household head (literate or not) were considered as independent variables of the study. Findings from the estimations of logit models indicate the likelihood of a household having a savings account is positively and significantly related to each of the following: non-poor status of the household,the household residing in an urban area, the household head being male, and the household head being literate. Having the household head be literate tends to be more important for younger household heads and for non-poor households. The proportion of households having money in a savings account more than doubled over the decade between the IHLCS 2000/2001 survey and the IHLCS 2010/2011 survey. Government policies on savings and poverty reduction may explain the trend of increased cash balances in saving accounts. Key Words: Savings, Bank Accounts, Households, Determinants,

scholarly journals Farm Production Diversification and Dietary Diversity among Subsistence Farming Households: Panel Data Evidence from South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10325
Author(s):  
Sikhulumile Sinyolo ◽  
Conrad Murendo ◽  
Admire Mutsa Nyamwanza ◽  
Sithembile Amanda Sinyolo ◽  
Catherine Ndinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Subsistence Farming ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Production Diversity ◽  
Farming Households

Improving the production of a variety of foods by subsistence farmers has been identified as a key strategy for improving dietary diversity. However, there is limited evidence in South Africa on how one’s own production is linked to dietary diversity. This study relies on nationally representative panel data to investigate the extent to which farm production diversity is correlated with dietary diversity. The data indicated a moderate level of household dietary diversity that has been on a declining trend between 2008 and 2017. The farm households produced three food groups (meat, cereals, and vegetables), suggesting more reliance on food purchases than own production. The study found a positive relationship between own production diversification and dietary diversity and that dietary diversity varied by demographics and socio-economic characteristics of households. However, production diversity was not significantly associated with the consumption of micronutrient-rich foods such as fruits or vegetables. Higher levels of education, income per capita, food expenditure, and geographic location were some of the key drivers of dietary diversity among subsistence households. The findings suggest that encouraging subsistence farming households to produce various crop and animal species can be an effective strategy to improve dietary diversity among poor households in South Africa.

scholarly journals Multidimensional Poverty in Côte d'Ivoire: A Measure by the Fuzzy Set Theory

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Patrick Franklin Kouassi ◽  
Anderson Stéphane Seka
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty Index ◽  
Complex Concept ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Poor Households

Abstract Poverty is a complex concept, whose multidimensional aspect in Côte d’Ivoire. We rely on the Study of Living Standards (LSMS. 2008) allows us to understand the phenomenon by an approach of fuzzy sets. The results show that by measuring the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 45.36% of Ivoirians are structurally poor households in 2008, with differences at the departmental level, the place of residence and gender of household head, and at the nine (9) dimensions. Furthermore, examination of one-dimensional poverty indices by dimension contributing to the state of household deprivation, shows different profiles. This implies that strategies of poverty reduction cannot rely on a single instrument, or to cover a single area, but must use a set of measures affecting its different dimensions.

scholarly journals Gender disparities in poverty among smallholder livestock farmers in south africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Maziya ◽  
P. Tirivanhu ◽  
R.J. Kajombo ◽  
N.A. Gumede
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Binary Logit ◽  
Livestock Farmers

ABSTRACT This paper analyses gender disparities in poverty and the determinants of poverty among smallholder communal livestock farmers across five provinces in South Africa. A combination of multi-stage and stratified sampling techniques were used to select 591 farmers across the provinces. The Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) poverty indices were used to determine the extent and severity of poverty among smallholder livestock farmers. The results of the FGT analysis revealed that poverty is prevalent among smallholder livestock farmers but more pronounced among female-headed households. A binary logit regression was used to determine the predictors of poverty among communal livestock owners. Factors such as level of education, gender of household head, access to markets and extension services reduce the probability of a household becoming poor. Conversely, factors such as household size and access to credit had a negative effect on household well-being. These results highlight the importance of strengthening institutions (extension, livestock farmer organisations and markets) to improve smallholder livestock systems. Further, the study recommends that agricultural extension services should integrate gender mainstreaming in interventions that target smallholder communal livestock farmers, and that rural development projects should focus on interventions that aim at diversifying farm income. Keywords: Binary logit, FGT poverty index, South Africa

scholarly journals Market efficiency and welfare effects of inter-sectoral water allocation in South Africa

Water Policy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Juana ◽  
Kenneth M. Strzepek ◽  
Johann F. Kirsten
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
The Impact

The need for increased agricultural production to meet the growing demand for food, coupled with concerns for environmental sustainability, economic growth and poverty reduction has increased demand on the already scarce water in South Africa. At the same time, because of agriculture's minimal contribution, compared to the industrial and mining sectors, to South Africa's GDP and employment, the call to reallocate water from agriculture to non-agricultural use has been intensified. This study updates the 1998 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for South Africa and uses the computable general equilibrium model to analyze the impact of water reallocation from agriculture to the non-agricultural sectors on output growth, value added at factor cost, which captures the payments from the production sectors to the factors of production, and households' welfare. Using different water reallocation scenarios, the simulation results indicate that water reallocation from agriculture to non-agricultural sectors beyond the level of a market allocation scenario will lead to a decline in sectoral output and a significant deterioration in the welfare of poor households. It thus undermines development efforts aimed at reducing the existing level of poverty in the country.

DETERMINANTS OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION DECISION FOR OFF-FARM WORK OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN KONTUM PROVINCE, VIETNAM

2018 ◽  
Vol 126 (3E) ◽  
Author(s):  
Đào Thị Ly Sa
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Income Diversification ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Farm Work ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Multi Stage

Abstract:  Kon Tum, a mountainous northernmost border province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam, is one of the poorest provinces in Vietnam. Many studies recently identified that the diversification of incomes is a critical livelihood strategy for rural households in developing countries. Thus, this study analyzes the factors influencing income diversification decision for off-farm work of rural households. The binary logit model will be employed to investigate the determinants of income diversification decision of rural households for off-farm work. Through 200 households selected using multi-stage sampling technique, this study showed that participation in off-farm employment was influenced by gender, age, education of household head, family size, number of children attending school, farm size, access to credit, and access to tarred roads. The findings suggested that it is important to support both agricultural and non-agricultural sectors to succeed in terms of poverty reduction and food security.Keywords: income diversification, off-farm work, rural household, poverty,  Kon Tum

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