1HNMR Study on the Motion of NH4+ in Ferroelectric NH4H(ClH2CCOO)2 and Mixed (NH4)1-xRbxH(ClH2CCOO)2 (x = 0.15)

2002 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 883-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zdanowska-Fra̡czek ◽  
A. Kozaka ◽  
R. Jakubasb ◽  
J. Wa̡sickia ◽  
R. Utrechta
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Nmr Relaxation ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Relaxation Mechanism ◽  
Lattice Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Spin Lattice

Temperature-dependent proton NMR relaxation time measurements have been performed at 60 MHz in order to study the NH4+ dynamics in ferroelectric NH4H(ClH2CCOO)2 and mixed Rbx(NH4)1-x(ClH2CCOO)2, where x = 0.15. The data indicate that the dominant relaxation mechanism for the NMR spin-lattice relaxation time T 1 in both crystals involves simultaneous NH4 group reorientation about their C2 and C3 symmetry axis in the paraelectric phase. Details of the NH4+reorientation have been inferred from analysis of temperature dependence of T1 assuming the Watton model. The activation parameters of the motionshave been determined.It has been found that the substitution of Rb does not change the activation parameters of the NH4 group dynamics.

scholarly journals Possibilities of proton magnetic resonance in determination the cellulose crystallinity

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 116-123
Author(s):  
Yury B. Grunin ◽  
◽  
Maria S. Ivanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Nmr Relaxation ◽  
Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Lattice Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Cellulose Crystallinity ◽  
Spin Lattice ◽  
Free Induction

A layered model of the structural organization of macrofibrils of native cellulose, consisting of microfibrils, which include elementary fibrils, has been developed. A feature of the proposed model is the presence of slit-like pores between the crystalline elements of cellulose. It was found that, on average, each water molecule interacts with one glucose residue of the surface chains of cellulose with the formation of hydrogen bonds in the framework of monolayer adsorption. This allows to establish a correlation between the cellulose crystallinity and the capacity of the adsorption water monolayer on its active surface. Based on the condition of rapid molecular exchange between the adsorption water layers in the framework of the Bloembergen-Purcell-Pound theory, an approach is proposed for determination the capacity of water monolayer. The obtained values are consistent with the results of solving the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller equation for the adsorption isotherm of water on the active surface of cellulose. The Fourier transform of the free induction decay signal of cellulose allows to estimate its crystallinity at various moisture contents. Methods have been developed for assessing the crystallinity of different types of dry cellulose based on NMR relaxation parameters — spin-lattice relaxation time and spin-spin relaxation time. Using the method of deuteration of cellulose, the relaxation times of its crystalline regions were determined. The results of preliminary studies showed that the crystallinity of cotton cellulose is higher in comparison with the same parameter of woody types of cellulose. A comparison of the literature and the data we obtained using 1H-NMR relaxation confirmed the possibility of utilizing the developed methods to solve the tasks of scientific research and conducting quality control of cellulosic materials at specialized enterprises.

scholarly journals Spin-Gitter-Relaxationszeit T1 von Nitrilkohlenstoffen / Spin-Lattice-Relaxation Time T1 of Nitrile Carbon-atoms

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sterk ◽  
J. Kalcher ◽  
G. Kollenz ◽  
H. Waldenberger
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Correlation Time ◽  
Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Relaxation Mechanism ◽  
Lattice Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Rotation ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Spin Lattice ◽  
Almost All

Abstract It is shown that in almost all nitrile carbon-atoms T1 depends first of all on the inter-and/or intramolecular dipol-dipol-relaxation mechanism. Only acetonitrile, as is already known, shows a remarkable dependence on the spin-rotation-relaxation mechanism. This influence is strongly decreasing with an increasing number of atoms, specially hydrogen atoms, in the molecule. The significance of the correlation time r is discussed extensively and the experimental results are verified by calculation of T1 using the viscosity and the inertial moments as parameters.

Chlorine Nuclear Spin-Spin Relaxation Mechanism in Mg(H2O)6SnCl6 as Studied by NQR and NMR Techniques

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keizo Horiuchi ◽  
Daiyu Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Relaxation ◽  
Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Relaxation Mechanism ◽  
Lattice Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Local Magnetic Field ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Lattice ◽  
Increasing Temperature

AbstractThe 35Cl NQR spin-lattice relaxation time T1Q, spin-spin-relaxation time T2Q, and 1H NMR spin-lattice relaxation time in the rotating frame T1Q in Mg(H2O) 6SnCl6 were measured as functions of temperature. Above room temperature T2Q increased rapidly with increasing temperature, which can be explained by fluctuations of the local magnetic field at the chlorine nuclei due to cationic motions. From the T1Q experiments, these motions are found to be attributable to uniaxial and overall reorientations of [Mg(H2O)6 ] 2 + ions with activation energies of 95 and 116 kJ mol - 1 , respectively. Above ca. 350 K, T1Q decreased rapidly with increasing temperature, which indicates a reorientational motion of [SnCl6] 2 - ions with an activation energy of 115 kJ mol -1 .

scholarly journals Temperature dependence of the Spin-Lattice Relaxation Time of the 23Na-NMR Line in NaNO2

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Igarashi ◽  
H. Kitagawa ◽  
S. Takahashi ◽  
R. Yoshizaki ◽  
Y. Abe
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Polycrystalline Sample ◽  
Relaxation Mechanism ◽  
Lattice Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Lattice ◽  
23Na Nmr

AbstractThe spin-lattice relaxation time, T1, of the 23Na-NMR line in NaNO2 is measured between 25 K and 160 K at two magnetic field strengths, 1.1 T and 6.9 T. The temperature dependence of T1 for the center line, observed on a polycrystalline sample prepared by precipitation from aqueous solution, is given by a monotonous curve. T1 increases gradually as the temperature decreases. On the other hand for a single crystal, which is made by a modified Bridgman method, the temperature dependence of T1 shows two deep dips below 150 K and a frequency dependence which cannot be explained by ordinary BPP theory. The dominant relaxation mechanism above and below 150 K is also investigated.

An Effect of Deuteration on Ion Motions and Hydrogen Bondings in Guanidinium Tetrafluoroborate

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 803-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wąsicki ◽  
M. Grottel ◽  
A. Kozak ◽  
Z. Pająk
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Lattice Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Systems ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Spin Lattice ◽  
Relaxation Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hydrogen Bondings

Abstract The fluorine spin-lattice relaxation time as well as NMR second moment for perdeuterated guanidinium tetrafluoroborate were studied over a wide range of temperature. An analytical solution of a set of coupled differential equations describing the time variation of nuclear magnetisations for four unlike spin systems was applied to analyse all cross-relaxation effects in the compound. Activation parameters EFa = 19.3 kJ/mole and τFU= 9 • 10"14 s for the isotropic anion reorientation were derived. A coupling of rotational modes of cation and anion was found. Significant lowering of the melting point explained by a weakening of the hydrogen bonds involves diminishing of the ion activation energies due to the large positive isotope effect

scholarly journals 35Cl NQR, 1H NMR, and X-Ray Diffraction Studies in a Hydrogen Bonded Complex Na2PtCl6 · 6H2O

1998 ◽  
Vol 53 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Miyoshi ◽  
Keizo Horiuchi ◽  
Narumi Sakagami ◽  
Kenichi Okamoto ◽  
Ryuichi Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Nmr Relaxation ◽  
Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Lattice Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Diffraction Measurement ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Spin Lattice ◽  
Temperature Dependences

Abstract The 35Cl NQR frequencies, spin-lattice relaxation time and 1H NMR relaxation time were measured on crystalline Na2PtCl6 • 6H2O at 77-350 K. The presence of three nonequivalent chlorine sites found by X-ray diffraction measurement is in agreement with the observed three NQR lines, which have different temperature dependences attributable to differences in the direction of H-bonding with water molecules. The three NQR lines correspond to three kinds of chlorines with different Pt-Cl distances and H-bond directions.

NMR Analysis of Molecular Motion of Polyurethane Fluid

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (14n16) ◽  
pp. 1975-1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiji Minagawa ◽  
Hirokazu Okamura ◽  
Seizo Masuda ◽  
Masami Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Molecular Motion ◽  
Main Chain ◽  
Nmr Relaxation ◽  
Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Lattice Relaxation Time ◽  
Spin Lattice Relaxation ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Spin Lattice ◽  
Er Fluids

Urethane modified polyethers having hard-soft-hard structure were prepared as simple model compounds for homogeneous ER fluids. The NMR relaxation analysis was applied to these polyurethane ER fluids, and the molecular motions and interactions were studied with a series of the data of spin-lattice relaxation time T 1 and the spin-spin relaxation time T 2. Two hard-soft-hard urethanes, which showed opposite ER effects, were found to have similar relaxation behaviors under no electric field. The temperature dependence of T 1 indicated existence of significant intermolecular interaction and the concentration dependence of T 2 suggested that the molecular interaction mainly occurs at the polyether main-chain.

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