Global Citizen, Immigrant, Survivor, Activist, Gayby Boomer, Academic, and Editor: Dr. Sy and the History of AIDS Education and Prevention

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
Jesus Ramirez-Valles
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Aids Education ◽  
Chinese Family ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Platform ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

In this 30th anniversary of AIDS Education and Prevention, we turn our attention to its founder and editor, Dr. Francisco Sy. I trace Dr. Sy's trajectory, from growing up in a Filipino-Chinese family in Manila to Harvard, Johns Hopkins, South Carolina, and then to the journal. The loss of friends and colleagues to the AIDS epidemic stands out as Sy's driving force behind the journal. AIDS Education and Prevention was also created to fill a tremendous gap in the field: a scientific platform to circulate and discuss research on HIV and AIDS prevention. Over its life course, the content of the journal has mirrored the life of epidemic. Initially, the articles focused on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, mostly in the United States. Now, the articles deal with health interventions and pre-exposure prophylaxis, with authors coming from all over the globe. In Sy's opinion, HIV will become endemic, as other infectious diseases have over our history of epidemics, so the role of journals such as AIDS Education and Prevention will remain vital.

Stigma of HIV and AIDS—Psychiatric Aspects

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Khalife ◽  
Jocelyn Soffer
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Adequate Care ◽  
Cellular Immunodeficiency

Since 1981, when previously healthy young adults were first stricken with a mysterious illness that was eventually described as “a new acquired cellular immunodeficiency” (Gottlieb et al., 1981), understanding of HIV and AIDS, both the in the medical community and general society, has come a long way. There remains, however, an unfortunate degree of stigma that persists since its development in the early days of the illness (Cohen and Weisman, 1986; Cohen, 1987, 1992; Cohen and Alfonso, 1998;Cohen, 2008). Early in the course of this epidemic, as it became evident that the immune deficiency had an infectious etiology and could lead to rapidly fatal complications, many became fearful of the possibility of contagion. An “epidemic of fear” (Hunter, 1990) thus began to develop along with the AIDS epidemic. During the first decade, even many physicians surveyed had negative attitudes toward persons with HIV and AIDS (Kelly et al., 1987; Thompson, 1987; Wormser and Joline, 1989). At the beginning of the HIV epidemic some persons hospitalized with AIDS experienced difficulty receiving even minimally adequate care, including getting their rooms cleaned, obtaining water or food, and receiving proper medical attention. Psychiatric consultations for AIDS patients with depression, withdrawal, and treatment refusal often revealed the heightened feelings of isolation and depression experienced by the patients, in part as a result of the reactions of staff members to their illness, including the palpable fear of contagion. Holtz and coauthors (1983) were the first to describe the profound withdrawal from human contact as the “sheet sign,” observed when persons with AIDS hid under their sheets and completely covered their faces. Thus, since the beginning of the AIDS epidemic, people with AIDS have been stigmatized. They have felt shunned and ostracized by not only medical caregivers but also the general community and even by their own families and friends. In some areas of the world, persons with AIDS have been quarantined because of the irrational fears, discrimination, and stigma associated with this pandemic. In the United States, persons with AIDS have lost their homes and jobs, and some children and adolescents have been excluded from classrooms.

Leveraging a Legacy of Activism: Black Lives Matter and the Future of HIV Prevention for Black MSM

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-212
Author(s):  
Derrick D. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aids Education ◽  
Black Msm ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Black Lives Matter ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Living With Hiv

This year marks the 30th anniversary of AIDS Education and Prevention. As we approach the United Nations goal of ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030, it is a useful time to reflect on and learn from history. In the United States, no such endeavor can be successful without addressing the specific context of Black men who have sex with men. In this commentary I highlight factors that led us to a state in which Black MSM represent approximately a quarter of all people living with HIV in the United States. I also look back at the power of activism during the beginning of the HIV epidemic. Using Black Lives Matter as a contemporary framework, I highlight natural linkages between activism 30 years ago, its incarnation and relationship to public health today, and its promise as the way forward in achieving the elimination of AIDS for Black MSM by 2030.

All for Liberty

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Strickland
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
American South ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Slave Rebellion ◽  
Slave Revolt ◽  
History Of

Jeff Strickland tells the powerful story of Nicholas Kelly, the enslaved craftsman who led the Charleston Workhouse Slave Rebellion, the largest slave revolt in the history of the antebellum American South. With two accomplices, some sledgehammers, and pickaxes, Nicholas risked his life and helped thirty-six fellow enslaved people escape the workhouse where they had been sent by their enslavers to be tortured. While Nat Turner, Gabriel Prosser, and Denmark Vesey remain the most recognizable rebels, the pivotal role of Nicholas Kelly is often forgotten. All for Liberty centers his rebellion as a decisive moment leading up to the secession of South Carolina from the United States in 1861. This compelling micro-history navigates between Nicholas's story and the Age of Atlantic Revolutions, while also considering the parallels between race and incarceration in the nineteenth century and in modern America. Never before has the story of Nicholas Kelly been so eloquently told.

Disappearing Acts: An Immigrant History

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-313
Author(s):  
Grace M. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Korean War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Korean Immigrant ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Korean Diaspora ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Korean War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

This piece is an experimental autoethnographic text that juxtaposes the author’s childhood experiences of growing up as a mixed-race Korean immigrant in a xenophobic small town in the United States with her mother’s dreams of migrating from Korea to America. The story of the family is contextualized within the history of the Korean War and postcolonial Korea and is based on several conversations the author had with her mother and aunt, in addition to her research on the Korean War and its aftermath. It reveals the many physical and symbolic disappearances in both the author’s family and Korean diaspora.

scholarly journals Trends in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis use in eight Canadian provinces, 2014–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (56) ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
Nashira Popovic ◽  
Qiuying Yang ◽  
Chris Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Introduction: Canada has endorsed the Joint United National Programme on HIV and AIDS global targets to end the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, including reducing new human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections to zero, by 2030. Given the effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent new infections, it is important to measure and report on PrEP utilization to help inform planning for HIV prevention programs and policies. Methods: Annual estimates of persons using PrEP in Canada were generated for 2014–2018 from IQVIA’s geographical prescription monitor dataset. An algorithm was used to distinguish users of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) for PrEP versus treatment or post-exposure prophylaxis. We provide the estimated number of people using PrEP in eight Canadian provinces by sex, age group, prescriber specialty and payment type. Results: The estimated number of PrEP users increased dramatically over the five-year study period, showing a 21-fold increase from 460 in 2014 to 9,657 in 2018. Estimated PrEP prevalence was 416 users per million persons across the eight provinces in 2018. Almost all PrEP users were male. Use increased in both sexes, but increase was greater for males (23-fold) than females (five-fold). Use increased across all provinces, although there were jurisdictional differences in the prevalence of use, age distribution and prescriber types. Conclusion: The PrEP use in Canada increased from 2014 to 2018, demonstrating increased awareness and uptake of its use for preventing HIV transmission. However, there was uneven uptake by age, sex and geography. Since new HIV infections continue to occur in Canada, it will be important to further refine the use of PrEP, as populations at higher risk of HIV infection need to be offered PrEP as part of comprehensive sexual healthcare.

Free the Land

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Onaci
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Carolina ◽  
Black Americans ◽  
The United States ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
Independence Movement ◽  
Political Struggles ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

On March 31, 1968, over 500 Black nationalists convened in Detroit to begin the process of securing independence from the United States. Many concluded that Black Americans' best remaining hope for liberation was the creation of a sovereign nation-state, the Republic of New Afrika (RNA). New Afrikan citizens traced boundaries that encompassed a large portion of the South--including South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana--as part of their demand for reparation. As champions of these goals, they framed their struggle as one that would allow the descendants of enslaved people to choose freely whether they should be citizens of the United States. New Afrikans also argued for financial restitution for the enslavement and subsequent inhumane treatment of Black Americans. The struggle to "Free the Land" remains active to this day. This book is the first to tell the full history of the RNA and the New Afrikan Independence Movement. Edward Onaci shows how New Afrikans remade their lifestyles and daily activities to create a self-consciously revolutionary culture, and it argues that the RNA's tactics and ideology were essential to the evolution of Black political struggles. Onaci expands the story of Black Power politics, shedding new light on the long-term legacies of mid-century Black Nationalism.

Under Mt. Cheiron

2019 ◽  
pp. 223-242
Author(s):  
Susan G. Davis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Folk Song ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Sex Research ◽  
Long Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Unpublished Manuscripts ◽  
Lecture Tour ◽  
To Receive

From the late 1970s until his final illness, Legman worked to bring his big projects to press and to write his memoirs. Turning back to his work on erotic folk song, Legman aimed to complete his long-delayed “Ballad” manuscript but decided that it was more important to bring out Vance Randolph’s unpublished manuscripts on erotic folklore of the Ozarks. These became two volumes edited and introduced by Legman, Roll Me in Your Arms and Blow the Candle Out (1992). Legman also began his memoir, Peregrine Penis: An Autobiography of Innocence, detailing his growing up, his self-education in sex research, and his erotic and publishing adventures. This chapter shows Legman reconstructing and evaluating past incidents with his correspondents, especially Jay Landesman. In 1986 he made his last visit to the United States for a lecture tour. In France he continued to receive writers who interviewed him about his life’s work and views on sex and censorship. After a long period of ill health, Legman died of the results of a stroke in February 1999. A conclusion to this chapter emphasizes Legman’s bibliographic contributions to the history of erotica and sexuality and evaluates his place in folklore scholarship, a discipline that received him with ambivalence.

Devotions and Desires

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
Birth Control ◽  
Sexual Politics ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Religious History ◽  
Sacred Spaces ◽  
Aids Epidemic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Zero Sum

At a moment when “freedom of religion” rhetoric fuels public debate, it is easy to assume that sex and religion have faced each other in pitched battle throughout modern U.S. history. Yet, by tracking the nation’s changing religious and sexual landscapes over the twentieth century, this book challenges that zero-sum account of sexuality locked in a struggle with religion. It shows that religion played a central role in the history of sexuality in the United States, shaping sexual politics, communities, and identities. At the same time, sexuality has left lipstick traces on American religious history. From polyamory to pornography, from birth control to the AIDS epidemic, this book follows religious faiths and practices across a range of sacred spaces: rabbinical seminaries, African American missions, Catholic schools, pagan communes, the YWCA, and much more. What emerges is the shared story of religion and sexuality and how both became wedded to American culture and politics. The volume, framed by a provocative introduction by Gillian Frank, Bethany Moreton, and Heather R. White and a compelling afterword by John D’Emilio, features essays by Rebecca T. Alpert and Jacob J. Staub, Rebecca L. Davis, Lynne Gerber, Andrea R. Jain, Kathi Kern, Rachel Kranson, James P. McCartin, Samira K. Mehta, Daniel Rivers, Whitney Strub, Aiko Takeuchi-Demirci, Judith Weisenfeld, and Neil J. Young.

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