Investigating the Transdiagnostic Value of Subjective Emptiness

It is common for people with mental health problems to report feelings of emptiness. However, the association of subjective emptiness with specific disorders and its unique role within dimensional taxonomies of personality pathology is not well understood. The present study assesses the transdiagnostic value of subjective emptiness using a recently developed self-report measure in a mixed sample of 157 participants. The authors investigated the associations of emptiness with clinically relevant variables, including borderline personality disorder symptoms, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Subjective emptiness showed strong positive relationships with all criteria. Regression models controlling for impairments of personality functioning, maladaptive personality traits, and current symptom distress supported the incremental validity of emptiness for specific disorder constructs and suicidality. These findings indicate that emptiness represents a facet of psychopathology that can be particularly useful for the classification of mental disorders, and in particular internalizing disorders involving self-dysfunction and detachment.

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Investigating the Transdiagnostic Value of Subjective Emptiness

Journal of Personality Disorders ◽

10.1521/pedi_2021_35_510 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-S9

Author(s):

Arta Konjusha ◽

Christopher J. Hopwood ◽

Adrian L. Price ◽

Oliver Masuhr ◽

Johannes Zimmermann

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempts ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Self Report ◽

Unique Role ◽

Personality Functioning ◽

Current Symptom ◽

Relevant Variables ◽

Specific Disorders ◽

Report Measure

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MCMI-II Personality Traits Associated with the MMPI-2 Masculinity-Femininity Scale

Assessment ◽

10.1177/107319119500200203 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 131-136

Author(s):

Mark A. Blais

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory ◽

Self Report ◽

Behavioral Correlates ◽

Personality Functioning ◽

T Score ◽

Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽

Paranoid Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder Scales ◽

Report Measure

There has been limited research into the behavioral correlates associated with the Masculinity-Femininity ( Mf) scale of the MMPI (and the MMPI-2). In this study, both the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory—II (MCMI-II), a frequently used self-report measure of personality functioning, and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2 (MMPI-2) were administered to a group of 76 female psychiatric inpatients. The sample was divided based upon MMPI-2 Mf scale T scores. Subjects with a T score >50 were assigned to the high- Mf group ( n = 28), whereas subjects with a T score >50 were assigned to the low- Mf group ( n = 48). The two groups were compared across the 13 personality disorder scales of the MCMI-II. The results showed that subjects in the high- Mf group had significantly higher scores on the MCMI-II Narcissistic, Antisocial, Aggressive/Sadistic, and Paranoid personality disorder scales. A correlational analysis revealed that the MMPI-2 Mf scale was significantly correlated with these four MCMI-II personality disorder scales. These results are discussed in light of their clinical implications and the limitations of the study.

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Assessing Self-Definition and Relatedness in Level of Personality Functioning

Journal of Personality Disorders ◽

10.1521/pedi_2021_35_516 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-24

Author(s):

Emily C. Mariotti ◽

Mark H. Waugh ◽

Cara M. McClain ◽

Lorrie G. Beevers ◽

A. Jill Clemence ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Assessment ◽

Clinical Utility ◽

Self Report ◽

Case Vignette ◽

Core Component ◽

Personality Functioning ◽

Dsm 5 ◽

Assessment And Treatment ◽

Development And Validation ◽

Report Measure

The two polarities model (TPM) of personality organizes psychological assessment and psychotherapy and connects to personality disorder diagnosis using the DSM-5 Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD). The authors developed scales assessing the TPM from an existing self-report measure for level of personality functioning (LPF), a core component of the AMPD. Iterative content analyses of the LPF measure yielded scales for Autonomy and Communion corresponding to dimensions of the TPM. The scales were refined via internal consistency analyses using a measure of psychological attachment and studied in development and validation samples. Associations with relevant external criteria were explored in a series of multiple regressions. The new content-based LPF scales were illustrated with a case vignette. Although the new Autonomy/Communion scales await further validation prior to clinical use, initial evidence suggests that they may bridge the nomological nets of the TPM and AMPD and potentially offer clinical utility in assessment and treatment planning.

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Attempted Suicide: Correlates of Increasing Medical Lethality

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.1975.37.3f.1236 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 37 (3_suppl) ◽

pp. 1236-1238 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

David Lester ◽

Aaron T. Beck

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Attempted Suicide ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Personal Characteristics ◽

Self Report ◽

Suicide Attempter

Ratings of medical lethality of 145 suicide attempts with coma-producing drugs were unrelated to the personal characteristics of the suicide attempter, the precipitating circumstances, and most of the circumstances of the suicidal act. The ratings of medical lethality did, however, appear to have some validity. As the suicide attempter might incorrectly predict the lethality of his planned suicide attempt, his self-report of intent may be more useful for classification of his behavior than the actual lethality of his suicidal action. It was not possible to form reasonable hypotheses about the characteristics of completers of suicide from the characteristics of three groups of attempters of suicide of differing medical lethality.

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Classification of Child Molesters by Plethysmographic Assessment of Sexual Arousal and a Self-Report Measure of Sexual Preference

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/088626000015012004 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 1297-1312 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

D. R. LAWS ◽

R. KARL HANSON ◽

CANDICE A. OSBORN ◽

PAUL E. GREENBAUM

Keyword(s):

Sexual Arousal ◽

Child Molesters ◽

Sexual Preference ◽

Self Report ◽

Report Measure

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PACE Study Protocol

10.31219/osf.io/epv9m ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jana Volkert ◽

Svenja Taubner ◽

Anna Berning ◽

Hannah Wiessner ◽

Julia Holl

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Longitudinal Design ◽

Community Sample ◽

Health Problems ◽

Self Report ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Personality Functioning

Background: Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, psychological distress is increased. Transdiagnostic mechanisms, including trauma, personality functioning, mentalizing and emotion regulation are considered relevant to the development and maintenance of mental health problems and therefore may play a role in individuals’ reactions to the pandemic. Aim: To identify moderating and mediating factors associated with pandemic-related distress and mental health problems in adults and families, we aim to investigate the interactions of interpersonal trauma (childhood trauma and domestic violence), psychological capacities (personality functioning, mentalizing and emotion regulation) and pandemic-related adversity on psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, we aim to investigate behavioral and cognitive consequences of the pandemic (e.g., media consumption, vaccination status, conspiracy beliefs).Methods: Using an online-based cross-sectional and longitudinal design, we will investigate a sample of adult participants recruited via online platforms in German-speaking countries over the course of one year with four measurements points via self-report instruments (personality functioning: PID5BF+; mentalizing: MentS, PRFQ; emotion regulation: DERS-SF; mental health problems: PHQ-9, GAD-7; a composite pandemic-related stress score). Structural equation and multi-level modeling will be performed for data analyses.Implications: This study will provide data on the moderating and mediating effects of trauma, personality functioning and mentalizing during the pandemic in a large community sample, particularly on vulnerable groups like families. Identifying transdiagnostic mechanisms of psychopathology in the course of a pandemic crisis may provide valuable insight for the development of pre- and intervention measures for potential psychological distress during and post the pandemic.

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Suicide and attempted suicide in children and adolescents

New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry ◽

10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0221 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 1702-1710 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David Shaffer ◽

Cynthia R. Pfeffer ◽

Jennifer Gutstein

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Suicidal Behaviour ◽

Emergency Treatment ◽

Causes Of Death ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Historical Review

Suicidal behaviour is a matter of great concern for clinicians who deal with the mental health problems of children and adolescents. The incidence of suicide attempts reaches a peak during the midadolescent years, and mortality from suicide, which increases steadily through the teens, is, in many countries, one of the leading causes of death at that age. This chapter starts with a historical review, and covers clinical features, assessment, classification of associated diagnoses, epidemiology, aetiology, course and prognosis, emergency treatment, and possibilities for prevention.

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The Construct Validity of the ICD-11 Severity of Personality Dysfunction Under Scrutiny of Object-Relations Theory

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.648427 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Amin Nazari ◽

Steven K. Huprich ◽

Azad Hemmati ◽

Farzin Rezaei

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Object Relations ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Self Report ◽

Clinical Group ◽

Object Relations Theory ◽

Personality Functioning ◽

Personality Dysfunction

The current classification of personality disorder in ICD-11 includes a description of personality functioning, derived from a number of theoretical paradigms, but most notably consistent with the psychodynamic approach. Concurrently, an object-relations model of personality functioning in a dimensional assessment of severity is provided in the Structured Interview of Personality Organization-Revised (STIPO-R). To date, there are no published measures of International Classification of Diseases-11 (ICD-11) personality severity, though the construct is very comparable to the concepts assessed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) levels of personality functioning concept, which is measured by the Level of Personality Functioning Scale-Self-Report (LPFS-SR). This study examined the validity of ICD-11 personality functioning, as measured by the LPFS-SR, by evaluating its associations with the STIPO-R in Kurdistan region. The samples included 231 University students and 419 inpatient participants across four hospitals (267 with a diagnosed personality disorder). All the components of LPFS-SR and STIPO-R were positively and significantly intercorrelated. The components of each measure discriminated PD and non-PD patients from a University, non-clinical group adequately. Despite slightly better performance of the STIPO-R in this discrimination, the measures had a high congruence in predicting personality dysfunction. Overall, the findings of the present study support the validity of ICD-11 construct for evaluating personality functioning.

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Transdiagnostic Mechanisms of Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adults and Families in Germany: Study Protocol of a Cross-Sectional and 1-Year Longitudinal Study

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Jana Volkert ◽

Svenja Taubner ◽

Anna Berning ◽

Laura Kling ◽

Hannah Wießner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Emotion Regulation ◽

Psychological Distress ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Longitudinal Design ◽

Health Problems ◽

Self Report ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Personality Functioning

Background: Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, psychological distress is increased. Transdiagnostic mechanisms, including trauma, personality functioning, mentalizing and emotion regulation are considered relevant to the development and maintenance of mental health problems and therefore may play a role in individuals’ reactions to the pandemic.Aim: To identify moderating and mediating factors associated with pandemic-related distress and mental health problems in adults and families, we aim to investigate the interactions of interpersonal trauma (childhood trauma and domestic violence), psychological capacities (personality functioning, mentalizing and emotion regulation) and pandemic-related adversity on psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, we aim to investigate behavioral and cognitive consequences of the pandemic (e.g., media consumption, vaccination status, conspiracy beliefs).Methods: Using an online-based cross-sectional and longitudinal design, we will investigate a sample of adult participants recruited via online platforms in German-speaking countries over the course of 1 year with four measurements points via self-report instruments (personality functioning: PID5BF +; mentalizing: MentS, PRFQ; emotion regulation: DERS-SF; mental health problems: PHQ-9, GAD-7; a composite pandemic-related stress score). Structural equation and multi-level modeling will be performed for data analyses.Implications: This study will provide data on the moderating and mediating effects of trauma, personality functioning and mentalizing during the pandemic in a large community sample, particularly on vulnerable groups like families. Identifying transdiagnostic mechanisms of psychopathology in the course of a pandemic crisis may provide valuable insight for the development of pre- and intervention measures for potential psychological distress during and post the pandemic.

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Similarities and differences among antisocial and psychopathic self‐report inventories from the perspective of general personality functioning

European Journal of Personality ◽

10.1002/per.562 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 325-342 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Jabbar Hicklin ◽

Thomas A. Widiger

Keyword(s):

Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽

Factor Model ◽

Five Factor Model ◽

Self Report ◽

Psychopathic Personality ◽

Personality Functioning ◽

Similarities And Differences ◽

Report Measure

There are currently many alternative self‐report inventories for the assessment of antisocial and psychopathic personality traits. The hypothesis of the current study was that similarities and differences among them can be meaningfully understood with respect to their representation of common personality traits. The current study explored this hypothesis using as a point of comparison the Five Factor Model (FFM) of general personality functioning. Six self‐report measures currently being used in antisocial and psychopathy research were administered, along with a self‐report measure of the FFM. Differences were obtained across the six inventories with respect to how they related to the domains and facets of the FFM that were consistent with FFM models of psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder. Implications for the theoretical and clinical understanding of findings obtained with the respective inventories, and the personality disorder constructs they assess, are discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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