Household Structure and Family Ideologies: The Dynamics of Immigrant Economic Adaptation among Vietnamese Refugees

The “Abbott Farm site,” now known as the Abbott Farm National Landmark, is known for its unique and abundant artifact assemblages from presumed Middle Woodland contexts. Several researchers attributed the presence of large quantities of argillite raw material, argillite and chert blades and blade caches, cut and uncut mica, and aberrant zone-decorated ceramics to either Hopewellian manifestations or to the Abbott Farm's role in the regional redistribution of argillite. On the basis of a cultural resource survey conducted by Louis Berger and Associates prior to the proposed construction of I-195 and I-295 and New Jersey Routes 29 and 129, a specialized economic adaptation focused upon the intensive procurement, processing, and storage of anadromous fish, especially sturgeon, is hypothesized.

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A-164 Influence of Executive Function, Partner Support, and Environmental Structure on Behavioral Weight Management Outcomes

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1093/arclin/acaa068.164 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 958-958

Author(s):

Gettens K ◽

Gorin A

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Executive Functions ◽

Weight Management ◽

Autonomy Support ◽

Multilevel Models ◽

Partner Support ◽

Household Structure ◽

Low Levels ◽

Social Environmental ◽

Social Environmental Factors

Abstract Objective Executive functions (EF) are crucial to successful weight management, yet few studies have prospectively explored the influence of social-environmental factors on the EF-weight loss (WL) link. This study examined interactions between EF, partner support, and household structure on weight loss outcomes in a couples-based intervention, grounded in Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Method Cohabitating dyads attended weekly weight loss groups (Ncouples = 64), Mage =54.0 ± 9.5, MBMI = 34.2 ± 5.4 kg/m2, 50% female, 88.8% Caucasian). Weight was measured at baseline and 6 months. The Behavior Rating Index of Executive Functions-Adult assessed 9 EF domains; higher scores indicate greater difficulty. Partner autonomy support (AS) was measured using the Important Other Climate Questionnaire, household structure with the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale (CHAOS), IQ with the WASI-II 2-subscale estimate. Results Multilevel models were specified with MIXED linear function in SPSS to account for dyadic interdependence, controlling for age, education, IQ and group. Moderators (AS and CHAOS) were grand-mean centered. High and low levels were created at +1SD and -1SD. At high levels of AS, Shifting (B = 1.50, p = .01) and Inhibition (B = 2.23, p = .01) were associated with greater 6-month WL. At low levels of AS, Working Memory was associated with greater WL (p < .01). Self-Monitoring was associated with greater WL at high chaos (B = .43, p = .01), but not low chaos (p = 0.1). Conclusions Findings suggest that context matters; recruiting specific EFs may promote more WL for individuals embedded in low support or chaotic home environments. Future interventions should address the complexity of successful weight management, targeting both individual and social-interpersonal factors.

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Socio-economic adaptation strategy of farming communities after natural disasters

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/681/1/012074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 681 (1) ◽

pp. 012074

Author(s):

H Sultan ◽

I Abubakar ◽

S Y C Arfah ◽

Sulaeman ◽

E B Demmallino

Keyword(s):

Natural Disasters ◽

Adaptation Strategy ◽

Farming Communities ◽

Economic Adaptation

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Household structure, maternal characteristics and children’s stunting in sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from 35 countries

International Health ◽

10.1093/inthealth/ihz105 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sanni Yaya ◽

Olanrewaju Oladimeji ◽

Emmanuel Kolawole Odusina ◽

Ghose Bishwajit

Keyword(s):

Birth Interval ◽

Household Wealth ◽

Household Structure ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Physical Growth ◽

Multiple Birth ◽

Rural Children ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Ssa Countries ◽

Childhood Stunting

Abstract Background Adequate nutrition in early childhood is a necessity to achieve healthy growth and development, as well as a strong immune system and good cognitive development. The period from conception to infancy is especially vital for optimal physical growth, health and development. In this study we examined the influence of household structure on stunting in children <5 yrs of age in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Methods Demographic and Health Survey data from birth histories in 35 SSA countries were used in this study. The total sample of children born within the 5 yrs before the surveys (2008 and 2018) was 384 928. Children whose height-for-age z-score throughout was <−2 SDs from the median of the WHO reference population were considered stunted. Percentages and χ2 tests were used to explore prevalence and bivariate associations of stunting. In addition, a multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to stunted children. All statistical tests were conducted at a p<0.05 level of significance. Results More than one-third of children in SSA countries were reportedly stunted. The leading countries include Burundi (55.9%), Madagascar (50.1%), Niger (43.9%) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (42.7%). The percentage of stunted children was higher among males than females and among rural children than their urban counterparts in SSA countries. Children from polygamous families and from mothers who had been in multiple unions had a 5% increase in stunting compared with children from monogamous families and mothers who had only one union (AOR 1.05 [95% CI 1.02 to 1.09]). Furthermore, rural children were 1.23 times as likely to be stunted compared with urban children (AOR 1.23 [95% CI 1.16 to 1.29]). Children having a <24-mo preceding birth interval were 1.32 times as likely to be stunted compared with first births (AOR 1.32 [95% CI 1.26 to 1.38]). In addition, there was a 2% increase in stunted children for every unit increase in the age (mo) of children (AOR 1.02 [95% CI 1.01 to 1.02]). Multiple-birth children were 2.09 times as likely to be stunted compared with a singleton (AOR 2.09 [95% CI 1.91 to 2.28]). Conclusions The study revealed that more than one-third of children were stunted in SSA countries. Risk factors for childhood stunting were also identified. Effective interventions targeting factors associated with childhood stunting, such as maternal education, advanced maternal age, male sex, child’s age, longer birth interval, multiple-birth polygamy, improved household wealth and history of mothers’ involvement in multiple unions, are required to reduce childhood stunting in the region.

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Family Structure and Proto-industrialization in Russia

The Journal of Economic History ◽

10.1017/s0022050700104619 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 111-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Richard L. Rudolph

Keyword(s):

Industrial Development ◽

Western Europe ◽

Good Deal ◽

Household Structure ◽

Marriage Pattern ◽

The West ◽

Unfree Labor ◽

Family And Household ◽

Major Factors ◽

Previous Existence

The experience of Russia is examined to establish whether the area underwent a process of proto-industrialization comparable to that found in Western Europe. It is argued that the process did take place in this region, even with unfree labor, and served as the basis for much later industrial development. It is also argued that the Russian case differed a good deal from that found in the West. The major factors operating to make the pattern different include the previous existence of the “non- European” marriage pattern, marked differences in family and household structure, the relative immobility of labor, and the degree to which there were half-peasant, half-manufacturing households that dominated much of manufacture.

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