scholarly journals Effects of 12 weeks combined weight and chain versus combined weight and elastic band variable resistance training on upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance among untrained males in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Bahram Kashiani ◽  
Soh Kim Geok
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Elastic Band ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Variable Resistance ◽  
Muscular Performance ◽  
Free Weight ◽  
Elastic Bands

Several studies have shown a positive association between variable resistance training and improvement of muscular performance. However, the most effective type of variable resistance training to improve muscular performance (such as; strength and endurance) in untrained individuals remains unclear. The objective of this research was to examine the effects of 12 weeks combined weight and chain versus combined weight and elastic band variable resistance training on muscular strength and endurance among untrained male adults. Fifty healthy untrained males (age: 21.5 ± 1.95 years) were randomly selected and assigned into three groups: combined weight and chain (WC), combined weight and elastic band (WE), and free-weight (CG). From week 1 until week 12 all groups trained with 3 to 4 sets of 8 - 12 repetitions with 70% to 80% of 1RM for 2 days per week. Approximately 65% of the resistance was provided by free-weights and 35% of the resistance was provided by chains and elastic bands for the WC and WE groups. Upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance using one-repetition maximum, and maximum repetitions were measured before, in the middle and after the intervention. Results reported there were significant increases in upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance in all groups in the middle and after the intervention (p < 0.05), and these variables increased more and faster significantly in WC and WE groups compared with CG group. Finally, although in the middle and after the intervention there were not significant differences in upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance between WE and WC groups (p > 0.05), the results showed WE variable resistance training had a better effect insignificantly to improve upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance in the middle and after 12 weeks of variable resistance training among untrained males.

scholarly journals Comparison between two methods of variable resistance training on body composition, muscular strength and functional capacity among untrained males

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Bahram Kashiani ◽  
Soh Kim Geok
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Elastic Band ◽  
Variable Resistance ◽  
Improve Body Composition

Several studies have shown a positive association between variable resistance training and improvement of muscular performance. However, the effect of variable resistance training to improve body composition in untrained individuals remains unclear. The objective of this research was to examine the comparison of 12 weeks combined weight and chain versus combined weight and elastic band variable resistance training on body composition among untrained male adults. Fifty healthy untrained males (age: 21.5 ± 1.95 years) were randomly selected and assigned into three groups: combined weight and chain (WC), combined weight and elastic band (WE), and free-weight (CG). All groups trained with 3 sets of 8 - 12 repetitions with 70% to 80% of 1RM for 2 days per week. Approximately 65% of the resistance was provided by free-weights and 35% of the resistance was provided by chains and elastic bands for the WC and WE groups. Body fat mass (FM) and body fat free mass (FFM) using bioelectrical impedance analyser were measured before, in the middle and after the intervention. Results reported although in the middle and after the intervention all groups showed a significant reduction in FM and significant gained in FFM (p < 0.05), there were not significant differences in FM and FFM among all groups (p > 0.05). However, FM decreased and FFM increased more insignificantly in WE and WC groups compared with CG group, and also FM decreased and FFM increased more insignificantly in WE group to compare with WC group during and after 12 weeks of variable resistance training (p > 0.05). The results showed WE variable resistance training had a better effect insignificantly to improve body composition in the middle and after 12 weeks of variable resistance training among untrained male adults.

scholarly journals The Effects of 24 weeks of Resistance Training with Simultaneous Elastic and Free Weight Loading on Muscular Performance of Novice Lifters

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Shoepe ◽  
David Ramirez ◽  
Robert Rovetti ◽  
David Kohler ◽  
Hawley Almstedt
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Elastic Band ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Muscular Performance ◽  
Free Weight ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Weight Groups

The Effects of 24 weeks of Resistance Training with Simultaneous Elastic and Free Weight Loading on Muscular Performance of Novice LiftersThe purpose of this investigation was to assess the effectiveness of variable resistance as provided through elastic plus free weight techniques in college aged males and females. Twenty novice lifters were randomly assigned to a traditional free weight only (6 males and 5 females) or elastic band plus free weight group (5 males and 5 females) and 9 more normally active controls (5 males and 4 females), were recruited to maintain normal activity for the duration of the study. No differences existed between control, free weight and elastic band at baseline for age, body height, body mass, body mass index, and body fat percentage. One-repetition maximums were performed for squat and bench press while both strength and power were assessed using isokinetic dynamometry. Elastic groups and free-weight groups completed 24 weeks of whole body, periodized, high intensity resistance (65-95% of one-repetition maximum) training three times/week. Training programs were identical except that the elastic group trained the barbell squat, bench press and stiff-legged deadlift with 20-35% of their total prescribed training loads coming from band resistance (assessed at the top of the range of motion) with the remainder from free weight resistance. A mixed-model analysis revealed that peak torque, average power and one-repetition maximums for squat were significantly greater after training for the elastic group compared to the control (p<0.05). In addition, the free weight group also showed significantly greater improvements over the control in peak torque and one-repetition maximums for squat and bench press. No significant differences were observed between the elastic band and free weight groups. Combined variable elastic band plus free weight exercises are effective at increasing strength and power similar to free-weights alone in novice college aged males and females. However, due to complexity in set-up and load assignment elastic adoption by novice lifters in an unsupervised situation is not advised.

scholarly journals Effect of Accommodating Elastic Bands on Mechanical Power Output during Back Squats

Sports ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takafumi Kubo ◽  
Kuniaki Hirayama ◽  
Nobuhiro Nakamura ◽  
Mitsuru Higuchi
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Mechanical Power ◽  
Muscular Force ◽  
Force Output ◽  
Elastic Band ◽  
Free Weight ◽  
Mechanical Power Output ◽  
Elastic Bands ◽  
Acceleration And Deceleration

The aim of this study was to investigate whether accommodating elastic bands with barbell back squats (BSQ) increase muscular force during the deceleration subphase. Ten healthy men (mean ± standard deviation: Age: 23 ± 2 years; height: 170.5 ± 3.7 cm; mass: 66.7 ± 5.4 kg; and BSQ one repetition maximum (RM): 105 ± 23.1 kg; BSQ 1RM/body mass: 1.6 ± 0.3) were recruited for this study. The subjects performed band-resisted parallel BSQ (accommodating elastic bands each sides of barbell) with five band conditions in random order. The duration of the deceleration subphase, mean mechanical power, and the force and velocity during the acceleration and deceleration subphases were calculated. BSQ with elastic bands elicited greater mechanical power output, velocity, and force during the deceleration subphase, in contrast to that elicited with traditional free weight (p < 0.05). BSQ with elastic bands also elicited greater mechanical power output and velocity during the acceleration subphase. However, the force output during the acceleration subphase using an elastic band was lesser than that using a traditional free weight (p < 0.05). This study suggests that BSQ with elastic band elicit greater power output during the acceleration and deceleration subphases.

Prohormone supplement 3β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-17-one enhances resistance training gains but impairs user health

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Granados ◽  
Trevor L. Gillum ◽  
Kevin M. Christmas ◽  
Matthew R. Kuennen
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Back Squat ◽  
Fat Body Mass

Prohormone supplements (PS) are recognized not to impart anabolic or ergogenic effects in men, but the research supporting these conclusions is dated. The Anabolic Steroid Control Act was amended in 2004 to classify androstenedione and 17 additional anabolic compounds as controlled substances. The viability of PS that entered the market after that time have not been evaluated. Seventeen resistance-trained men (23 ± 1 yr; 13.1 ± 1.5% body fat) were randomly assigned to receive either 330 mg/day of 3β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-17-one (Prohormone; n = 9) or sugar (Placebo; n = 8) per os and complete a 4-wk (16 session) structured resistance-training program. Body composition, muscular strength, circulating lipids, and markers of liver and kidney dysfunction were assessed at study onset and termination. Prohormone increased lean body mass by 6.3 ± 1.2%, decreased fat body mass by 24.6 ± 7.1%, and increased their back squat one repetition maximum and competition total by 14.3 ± 1.5 and 12.8 ± 1.1%, respectively. These improvements exceeded ( P < 0.05) Placebo, which increased lean body mass by 0.5 ± 0.8%, reduced fat body mass by 9.5 ± 3.6%, and increased back squat one repetition maximum and competition total by 5.7 ± 1.7 and 5.9 ± 1.7%, respectively. Prohormone also experienced multiple adverse effects. These included a 38.7 ± 4.0% reduction in HDL ( P < 0.01), a 32.8 ± 15.05% elevation in LDL ( P < 0.01), and elevations of 120.0 ± 22.6 and 77.4 ± 12.0% in LDL-to-HDL and cholesterol-to-HDL ratios, respectively (both P < 0.01). Prohormone also exhibited elevations in serum creatinine (19.6 ± 4.3%; P < 0.01) and aspartate transaminase (113.8 ± 61.1%; P = 0.05), as well as reductions in serum albumin (5.1 ± 1.9%; P = 0.04), alkaline phosphatase (16.4 ± 4.7%; P = 0.04), and glomerular filtration rate (18.0 ± 3.3%; P = 0.04). None of these values changed (all P > 0.05) in Placebo. The oral PS 3β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-17-one improves body composition and muscular strength. However, these changes come at a significant cost. Cardiovascular health and liver function are particularly compromised. Given these findings, we feel the harm associated with this particular PS outweighs any potential benefit.

scholarly journals Resistance training induces similar adaptations of upper and lower-body muscles between sexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filip Kojić ◽  
Danimir Mandić ◽  
Vladimir Ilić
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Vastus Intermedius ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Final Measurement

AbstractThe purpose of the study was to compare sex adaptations in hypertrophy, strength and contractile properties of upper and lower-body muscles induced by resistance training (RT). Eighteen RT untrained male (MG) and female (FG) students (aged 24.1 ± 1.7 years, height: 1.75 ± 0.08 m, weight: 70.4 ± 12.3 kg) undervent 7 weeks of biceps curl and squat training (2 days/week, 60–70% repetition maximum, 3–4 sets, 120 s rest intervals, reps until muscular failure). At baseline and final measurement, thickness and cross-section area, one-repetition maximum and tensiomyography parameters (contraction time − Tc and radial displacement − Dm) of elbow flexors (biceps brachii) and knee extensors (4 quadriceps muscles) were evaluated. Although MG tends to display greater absolute strength gains for upper- (p = 0.055) and lower-body (p = 0.098), for relative changes ANCOVA revealed no sex-specific differences for either of the tested variables. Significant hypertrophy was observed for all tested muscles, except for vastus intermedius in FG (p = 0.076). The Dm significantly decreased for biceps brachii (MG by 12%, p < 0.01 and FG by 13.1%, p < 0.01) and rectus femoris (MG by19.2%, p < 0.01 and FG by 12.3%, p < 0.05), while Tc values remain unchanged. These results indicate that initial morphological, functional and contractile alterations following RT are similar for males and females, and that there are no specific sex adaptations either for the upper- or lower-body muscles. The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04845295).

scholarly journals Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento de fuerza con pesas en nadadores con Síndrome de Down (Effects of Weight Resistance Training on Swimmers with Down Syndrome)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Fabián Víquez Ulate ◽  
Andrea Mora Campos
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Biceps Muscle ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Para Determinar

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de un programa de fuerza con pesas, sobre la fuerza máxima en nadadores con Síndrome de Down (SD). Participaron 7 nadadores con SD, 6 hombres y 1 mujer con edades de 23.14 años ± 4.59 y con 6.14 años ± 2.34 de práctica de deporte de la natación. Instrumentos: prueba de 1 repetición máxima (RM) para determinar la fuerza máxima muscular. Procedimiento: el estudio duró 10 semanas (2 semanas de línea de base, 6 semanas de tratamiento y 2 semanas para ver efectos de retención). Resultados: hubo cambios significativos positivos en la fuerza máxima de los músculos pectoral (F=5.768; p=0.006), dorsal (F= 26.770; p=7.45e-007), bíceps femoral (F= 32.530; p=1.76e-007), cuádriceps (F= 8.391; p=0.001), tríceps (F= 11.217; p=0.0002) y estas adaptaciones se mantuvieron, sin cambios significativos, durante dos semanas; mientras que el músculo del bíceps (F=4.145; p=0.021) se comportó de una manera diferente pues no tuvo adaptaciones significativas al programa. Palabra clave: Síndrome de Down. Natación. Entrenamiento de fuerza.Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of weight resistance training on strength in swimmers with Down Syndrome (DS). Seven swimmers with DS participated in the study: 6 men and 1 woman, 23.14 years of age ± 4.59 and with 6.14 years ± 2.34 years of swimming. Instruments: One repetition maximum (RM) test to determine the individual’s maximum muscular strength. Procedure: the study was conducted for 10 weeks (2 weeks at baseline, 6 weeks of treatment and 2 weeks to see the effects of retention). Results: significantly positive changes were detected in the maximum strength of pectoral muscles (F=5.768; p=0.006), dorsal muscles (F = 26.770; p=7.45e-007), femoral biceps (F = 32.530; p=1.76e-007), quadriceps (F = 8.391; p=0.001), triceps (F = 11.217; p=0.0002) and these adjustments were maintained with no significant changes for two weeks, while the biceps muscle (F=4.145; p=0.021) behaved differently since it suffered no significant adjustments during the program.Key words: Down Syndrome, swimming, weight resistance training.

scholarly journals Traditional Free-Weight Vs. Variable Resistance Training Applied to Elite Young Soccer Players During a Short Preseason

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Irineu Loturco ◽  
Lucas A. Pereira ◽  
Valter P. Reis ◽  
Vinicius Zanetti ◽  
Chris Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Variable Resistance ◽  
Free Weight

A Comparison of the Effects of Short-Term Plyometric and Resistance Training on Lower-Body Muscular Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 2743-2749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm T. Whitehead ◽  
Timothy P. Scheett ◽  
Michael R. McGuigan ◽  
Angel V. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Muscular Performance

scholarly journals The effect of resistance training set configuration on strength and muscular performance adaptations in male powerlifters

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Arazi ◽  
Amin Khoshnoud ◽  
Abbas Asadi ◽  
James J. Tufano
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Muscular Performance ◽  
Back Squat ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Cluster Sets

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different set configurations on strength and muscular performance adaptations after an 8-week resistance training program. Twenty-four male powerlifters participated in this study and were randomly assigned to one of two resistance training groups: (1) cluster sets (CS: n = 8), (2), traditional sets (TS: n = 8), and a control group (CG: n = 8). All powerlifters were evaluated for thigh and arm circumference, upper and lower body impulsive activities, and 1 repetition maximum (1RM) in the back squat, bench press, and deadlift prior to and after the 8-week training intervention. After training, both the CS and TS groups increased arm and thigh circumferences and decreased body fat. The CS group resulted in greater increases in upper and lower body impulsive activities than the TS group, respectively. In addition, the CS and TS groups indicated similar changes in 1RM bench press, back squat, and deadlift following the 8 weeks training intervention. These results suggest that cluster sets induce adaptive changes that favor impulsive activities in powerlifters.

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