scholarly journals Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento de fuerza con pesas en nadadores con Síndrome de Down (Effects of Weight Resistance Training on Swimmers with Down Syndrome)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Fabián Víquez Ulate ◽  
Andrea Mora Campos
Keyword(s):  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Biceps Muscle ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Para Determinar

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de un programa de fuerza con pesas, sobre la fuerza máxima en nadadores con Síndrome de Down (SD). Participaron 7 nadadores con SD, 6 hombres y 1 mujer con edades de 23.14 años ± 4.59 y con 6.14 años ± 2.34 de práctica de deporte de la natación. Instrumentos: prueba de 1 repetición máxima (RM) para determinar la fuerza máxima muscular. Procedimiento: el estudio duró 10 semanas (2 semanas de línea de base, 6 semanas de tratamiento y 2 semanas para ver efectos de retención). Resultados: hubo cambios significativos positivos en la fuerza máxima de los músculos pectoral (F=5.768; p=0.006), dorsal (F= 26.770; p=7.45e-007), bíceps femoral (F= 32.530; p=1.76e-007), cuádriceps (F= 8.391; p=0.001), tríceps (F= 11.217; p=0.0002) y estas adaptaciones se mantuvieron, sin cambios significativos, durante dos semanas; mientras que el músculo del bíceps (F=4.145; p=0.021) se comportó de una manera diferente pues no tuvo adaptaciones significativas al programa. Palabra clave: Síndrome de Down. Natación. Entrenamiento de fuerza.Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effect of weight resistance training on strength in swimmers with Down Syndrome (DS). Seven swimmers with DS participated in the study: 6 men and 1 woman, 23.14 years of age ± 4.59 and with 6.14 years ± 2.34 years of swimming. Instruments: One repetition maximum (RM) test to determine the individual’s maximum muscular strength. Procedure: the study was conducted for 10 weeks (2 weeks at baseline, 6 weeks of treatment and 2 weeks to see the effects of retention). Results: significantly positive changes were detected in the maximum strength of pectoral muscles (F=5.768; p=0.006), dorsal muscles (F = 26.770; p=7.45e-007), femoral biceps (F = 32.530; p=1.76e-007), quadriceps (F = 8.391; p=0.001), triceps (F = 11.217; p=0.0002) and these adjustments were maintained with no significant changes for two weeks, while the biceps muscle (F=4.145; p=0.021) behaved differently since it suffered no significant adjustments during the program.Key words: Down Syndrome, swimming, weight resistance training.

scholarly journals Effects of 12 weeks combined weight and chain versus combined weight and elastic band variable resistance training on upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance among untrained males in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Bahram Kashiani ◽  
Soh Kim Geok
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Elastic Band ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Variable Resistance ◽  
Muscular Performance ◽  
Free Weight ◽  
Elastic Bands

Several studies have shown a positive association between variable resistance training and improvement of muscular performance. However, the most effective type of variable resistance training to improve muscular performance (such as; strength and endurance) in untrained individuals remains unclear. The objective of this research was to examine the effects of 12 weeks combined weight and chain versus combined weight and elastic band variable resistance training on muscular strength and endurance among untrained male adults. Fifty healthy untrained males (age: 21.5 ± 1.95 years) were randomly selected and assigned into three groups: combined weight and chain (WC), combined weight and elastic band (WE), and free-weight (CG). From week 1 until week 12 all groups trained with 3 to 4 sets of 8 - 12 repetitions with 70% to 80% of 1RM for 2 days per week. Approximately 65% of the resistance was provided by free-weights and 35% of the resistance was provided by chains and elastic bands for the WC and WE groups. Upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance using one-repetition maximum, and maximum repetitions were measured before, in the middle and after the intervention. Results reported there were significant increases in upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance in all groups in the middle and after the intervention (p < 0.05), and these variables increased more and faster significantly in WC and WE groups compared with CG group. Finally, although in the middle and after the intervention there were not significant differences in upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance between WE and WC groups (p > 0.05), the results showed WE variable resistance training had a better effect insignificantly to improve upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance in the middle and after 12 weeks of variable resistance training among untrained males.

Prohormone supplement 3β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-17-one enhances resistance training gains but impairs user health

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Granados ◽  
Trevor L. Gillum ◽  
Kevin M. Christmas ◽  
Matthew R. Kuennen
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Back Squat ◽  
Fat Body Mass

Prohormone supplements (PS) are recognized not to impart anabolic or ergogenic effects in men, but the research supporting these conclusions is dated. The Anabolic Steroid Control Act was amended in 2004 to classify androstenedione and 17 additional anabolic compounds as controlled substances. The viability of PS that entered the market after that time have not been evaluated. Seventeen resistance-trained men (23 ± 1 yr; 13.1 ± 1.5% body fat) were randomly assigned to receive either 330 mg/day of 3β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-17-one (Prohormone; n = 9) or sugar (Placebo; n = 8) per os and complete a 4-wk (16 session) structured resistance-training program. Body composition, muscular strength, circulating lipids, and markers of liver and kidney dysfunction were assessed at study onset and termination. Prohormone increased lean body mass by 6.3 ± 1.2%, decreased fat body mass by 24.6 ± 7.1%, and increased their back squat one repetition maximum and competition total by 14.3 ± 1.5 and 12.8 ± 1.1%, respectively. These improvements exceeded ( P < 0.05) Placebo, which increased lean body mass by 0.5 ± 0.8%, reduced fat body mass by 9.5 ± 3.6%, and increased back squat one repetition maximum and competition total by 5.7 ± 1.7 and 5.9 ± 1.7%, respectively. Prohormone also experienced multiple adverse effects. These included a 38.7 ± 4.0% reduction in HDL ( P < 0.01), a 32.8 ± 15.05% elevation in LDL ( P < 0.01), and elevations of 120.0 ± 22.6 and 77.4 ± 12.0% in LDL-to-HDL and cholesterol-to-HDL ratios, respectively (both P < 0.01). Prohormone also exhibited elevations in serum creatinine (19.6 ± 4.3%; P < 0.01) and aspartate transaminase (113.8 ± 61.1%; P = 0.05), as well as reductions in serum albumin (5.1 ± 1.9%; P = 0.04), alkaline phosphatase (16.4 ± 4.7%; P = 0.04), and glomerular filtration rate (18.0 ± 3.3%; P = 0.04). None of these values changed (all P > 0.05) in Placebo. The oral PS 3β-hydroxy-5α-androst-1-en-17-one improves body composition and muscular strength. However, these changes come at a significant cost. Cardiovascular health and liver function are particularly compromised. Given these findings, we feel the harm associated with this particular PS outweighs any potential benefit.

scholarly journals The effects of a 6-week plyometric training on muscular strength performance in silat exponents

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2s) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Dahlia Al-Syurgawi ◽  
Mohamad Nizam Mohamed Shapie
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The One ◽  
Experimental Group

<div><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 6-week plyometric training on muscular strength in young silat athletes. Thirty-four male silat exponents (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 14 ± 3.22 years) were randomly assigned to a control or experimental group (<em>n</em> = 17 for each group). The experimental group participated in conventional silat workout routine three times a week for one-hour session plus plyometric training two times a week for one-hour session. The control group performed conventional silat workout routine three times per week for one to two-hours session. The one repetition maximum (1RM) squat test was used three times (pre-, mid- and post-test). Results revealed that muscular strength performance improved for the experimental group. This improvement was 9.16% between pre- and mid-test, 18.81% between mid- and post-test, and 29.7 % between pre- and post-test. Plyometric training was shown to be effective to improve maximum strength of young silat athletes.</p></div>

Improvements in Phase Angle Are Related With Muscle Quality Index After Resistance Training in Older Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Pedro Nunes ◽  
Alex S. Ribeiro ◽  
Analiza M. Silva ◽  
Brad J. Schoenfeld ◽  
Leandro dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Progressive Resistance Training ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
X Ray

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between muscle quality index (MQI) and phase angle (PhA) after a program of progressive resistance training (RT) in older women. Sixty-six older women with previous RT experience (68.8 ± 4.6 years, 156.6 ± 5.3 cm, 66.0 ± 13.0 kg, and 26.7 ± 4.6 kg/m2) underwent 12 weeks of RT (3 ×/week, eight exercises, and 10–15 repetition maximum). Anthropometry, muscular strength (one-repetition maximum tests), and body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and spectral bioimpedance) were measured pre- and posttraining. There were observed significant increases for PhA, MQI, muscular strength, muscle mass, and reactance, whereas no significant changes in body fat and resistance were found. A significant correlation was observed between the RT-induced relative changes in PhA and MQI (r = .620). We conclude that improvements in MQI induced by RT are associated with increases in PhA. Therefore, PhA may be a valid tool to track changes in MQI after 12 weeks of RT in older women.

Low-Load vs. High-Load Resistance Training to Failure on One Repetition Maximum Strength and Body Composition in Untrained Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1737-1744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor K. Dinyer ◽  
M. Travis Byrd ◽  
Matthew J. Garver ◽  
Alex J. Rickard ◽  
William M. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Load Resistance ◽  
High Load ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Low Load

scholarly journals THE COMPARISON OF THREE TYPE OF EXERCISE SEQUENCE ON MAXIMUM STRENGTH IN UNTRAINED YOUNG MEN

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sotoodeh Kazem ◽  
Alizadeh Aliakbar ◽  
Mirzaei Bahman
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Maximum Strength ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Training Frequency ◽  
Type Of Exercise

Aim: The purpose of this study is comparison of three type of exercise sequence on maximum strength in untrained young men after 8 weeks of resistance training. Methods : Prior to the training program, participants were randomly assigned to three groups. One group began with upper to lower body (G1) while another performed lower to upper body (G2) or one exercise in upper body and one exercise in lower body order (G3). Training frequency was three sessions per week with at least 48 h of rest between sessions for a total of 24 sessions in the 8-week period. One repetition maximum (1RM) was assessed for all exercises at baseline and after 8 weeks of training. Results : The results indicate that the maximum strength increased after all sessions, but the increase was not significantly difference between groups (p < 0.05). These results indicate that performing exercises first in upper-body/lower-body or alternate in a bout of resistance exercise was not to leads difference in maximum strength. Conclusions : These results indicate that one exercise in upper body and one exercise in lower body order not provided greater strength gains than both muscle group upper and lower body exercises (p < 0.05).

Water-based resistance training program with isolated concentric action improves physical functional capacity and muscular strength in older women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Victoria Costa Freitas ◽  
Inês Amanda Streit ◽  
Josefina Bertoli ◽  
Kayth Andrade Nascimento ◽  
Maria Carolina Oliveira de Sá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Resistance Training Program ◽  
Water Based

scholarly journals Muscles adaptation to aging and training: architectural changes – a randomised trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien J. Létocart ◽  
Franck Mabesoone ◽  
Fabrice Charleux ◽  
Christian Couppé ◽  
René B. Svensson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Volume ◽  
Triceps Surae ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Repetition Maximum

Abstract Background To investigate how anatomical cross-sectional area and volume of quadriceps and triceps surae muscles were affected by ageing, and by resistance training in older and younger men, in vivo. Methods The old participants were randomly assigned to moderate (O55, n = 13) or high-load (O80, n = 14) resistance training intervention (12 weeks; 3 times/week) corresponding to 55% or 80% of one repetition maximum, respectively. Young men (Y55, n = 11) were assigned to the moderate-intensity strengthening exercise program. Each group received the exact same training volume on triceps surae and quadriceps group (Reps x Sets x Intensity). The fitting polynomial regression equations for each of anatomical cross-sectional area-muscle length curves were used to calculate muscle volume (contractile content) before and after 12 weeks using magnetic resonance imaging scans. Results Only Rectus femoris and medial gastrocnemius muscle showed a higher relative anatomical cross-sectional area in the young than the elderly on the proximal end. The old group displayed a higher absolute volume of non-contractile material than young men in triceps surae (+ 96%). After training, Y55, O55 and O80 showed an increase in total quadriceps (+ 4.3%; + 6.7%; 4.2% respectively) and triceps surae (+ 2.8%; + 7.5%; 4.3% respectively) volume. O55 demonstrated a greater increase on average gains compared to Y55, while no difference between O55 and O80 was observed. Conclusions Muscle loss with aging is region-specific for some muscles and uniform for others. Equivalent strength training volume at moderate or high intensities increased muscle volume with no differences in muscle volume gains for old men. These data suggest that physical exercise at moderate intensity (55 to 60% of one repetition maximum) can reverse the aging related loss of muscle mass. Trial registration NCT03079180 in ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration date: March 14, 2017.

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