THE EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS RIBONUCLEIC ACID ON ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY IN THE OVARIECTOMIZED MOUSE UTERUS

1968 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Maher Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Mouse Uterus ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT RNA from tissues subjected to very high doses of 17β-oestradiol in vivo and in vitro was injected into the uteri of ovariectomized mice before and after ether washing of the RNA. Alkaline phosphatase content of the atrophied uterus was measured after the RNA injections. Results indicate that alkaline phosphatase induction is due to RNA and that ether washing completely eliminates hormonal contamination. The role played by the hormone-cytoplasm requires further attention.

scholarly journals A biodegradable porous composite scaffold of PCL/BCP containing Ang-(1-7) for bone tissue engineering

Cerâmica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (348) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Macedo ◽  
E. H. M. Nunes ◽  
W. L. Vasconcelos ◽  
R. A. Santos ◽  
R. D. Sinisterra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Solvent Casting

Highly porous three-dimensional biodegradable scaffolds was obtained from beta-tricalcium phosphate-hydroxyapatite bioceramic (BCP), PCL, and Angiotensin-(1-7). We used the solvent casting and particulate leaching methods (SC/PL). The processed scaffolds were characterized by X-ray microtomography (µ-CT). Biocompatibility tests in vitro were performed during three and seven days using MTT and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity (APA) assays. Both the MTT activity and APA were evaluated using a one-way ANOVA test. The µ-CT results showed that the increase of the PCL:BCP weight ratio leads to structures with lower pore sizes. The pore interconnectivity of the processed scaffolds was evaluated in terms of the fragmentation index (FI). We observed that the obtained composites present poorly connected structures, with close values of FI. However, as the polymer phase is almost transparent to the X-rays, it was not taken into consideration in the µ-CT tests. The MTT activity assay revealed that scaffolds obtained with and without Angiotensin-(1-7) present mild and moderate cytotoxic effects, respectively. The APA assay showed that the rat osteoblasts, when in contact for three days with the PCL composites, presented an APA similar to that observed for the control cells. Nevertheless, for an incubation time of seven days we observed a remarkable decrease in the alkaline phosphatase activity. In conclusion, using the solvent casting and salt leaching method we obtained 3D porous that are composites of PCL, BC and Ang-(1-7), which have suitable shapes for the bone defects, a high porosity and interconnect pores. Furthermore, the viability in vitro showed that the scaffolds have potential for drug delivery system and could be used in future in vivo tests.

scholarly journals Simultaneous autoradiographic and histochemical analysis of bone formed in vitro.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
H C Tenenbaum ◽  
C A McCulloch ◽  
K Palangio
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Histochemical Demonstration ◽  
Thymidine Uptake ◽  
Kinetics In Vivo

The simultaneous histochemical demonstration of alkaline phosphatase activity and autoradiographic demonstration of [3H]-thymidine uptake is valuable for study of bone cell kinetics in vivo or in vitro. By use of this technique, it has been possible to detect changes induced by a single dose of dexamethasone (10(-7) M) in the time course of alkaline phosphatase activity, the number of alkaline phosphatase-positive cells, and [3H]-thymidine labeling in bone formed in vitro.

ZUR FRAGE DER BIOSYNTHESE VON ALDOSTERON UND 11-DESOXYCORTICOSTERON IN DER NEBENNIERE UND IM ADENOM BEI EINEM PATIENTEN MIT PRIMÄREM ALDOSTERONISMUS

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dahm ◽  
H. Breuer ◽  
J. M. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Adrenal Tissue ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normal Adrenal Tissue ◽  
Progesterone Metabolite ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT In a 19-year old male patient, suffering from primary aldosteronism, the biosynthesis of 11-deoxycorticosterone and aldosterone was studied in slices of normal and adenomatous adrenal tissue; [4-14C] progesterone and [4-14C] 17α-hydroxyprogesterone were used as substrates. In addition, the urinary excretion of 1 1-deoxycorticosterone, tetrahydro-11-deoxycorticosterone and aldosterone was determined before and after operation. As compared with normal adrenal tissue, a very high activity of the 21-hydroxylase towards progesterone (metabolite: 11-deoxycorticosterone) as well as 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (metabolite: 17α-hydroxy-11-deoxycorticosterone) was found in the adenoma. In contrast, the activity of the 11β-hydroxylase was much less in the adenoma than in the normal adrenal tissue. In the absence of cofactors, only traces of aldosterone were detected in the experiments with slices of the adenoma, whereas a normal rate of production was observed in the experiments with the adrenal slices. The excretion of aldosterone in urine varied between 29.4 and 70.7 μg/24 h before operation; it was unaffected by dietetic measures, thus indicating an autonomy of the tumour. After operation, the concentration of aldosterone in urine fell to normal values (6.1–9.1 μg/24 h). The excretion of free 11-deoxycorticosterone (0.2–2.0 μg/24 h) and of its tetrahydroderivative (31.7–40.4 μg/24 h) was in the normal range before as well as after operation. The increased formation of 11-deoxycorticosterone and the decreased formation of aldosterone in the adenoma under in vitro conditions stand in contrast to the normal excretion of 11-deoxycorticosterone and the increased excretion of aldosterone in urine before operation. This discrepancy may be explained by the deficiency of cofactors in the slices of the adenoma. The results obtained support the view that, in steroid producing organs with high activities, only limited conclusions can be drawn from in vitro experiments to the situation in vivo.

scholarly journals In vitro modulation of alkaline phosphatase activity in neutrophils from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia by monocyte-derived activity

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 492-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Neutrophil Alkaline Phosphatase

Abstract To clarify the underlying mechanism of low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) activity in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), CML neutrophils were cultured in liquid medium with different numbers of monocytes. Alkaline phosphatase activity in CML neutrophils, assessed cytochemically, increased with the numbers of monocytes. NAP activity was not induced by the interaction between neutrophils and monocytes, but by the presence of a monocyte-derived soluble activity. NAP activity in normal neutrophils was also lowered by depletion of monocytes from culture medium. Under such monocyte-depleted conditions, both CML and normal neutrophils proliferated and differentiated to produce mature neutrophils. Thus induction of NAP activity can be modified in vitro by changing the amount of NAP-inducing activity released from monocytes. However, whether a reduction of NAP-inducing activity in CML neutrophil is the cause of low NAP activity in vivo remains uncertain.

Seizures in Rats Associated with Divalent Cation Inhibition of Na+–K+-ATP'ase

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1217-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Donaldson ◽  
T. St-Pierre ◽  
J. Minnich ◽  
A. Barbeau
Keyword(s):  
Divalent Cation ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Intraventricular Injection ◽  
Specific Inhibition ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Very High

In vitro determination of rat brain microsomal ATP'ase activity revealed specific inhibition of the Na+–K+-ATP'ase by cations in the order Zn2+ > Cu2+ > Fe2+ > Mn2+. Intraventricular injection of the same cations or of ouabain resulted in convulsions. Regional analysis of ATP'ase from brains of rats after convulsions showed inhibited Na+–K+-ATP'ase activity in hippocampus and hypothalamus. Hippocampus and hypothalamus were found to have the highest Na+–K+-ATP'ase activity in the rat brain.The potent inhibitors of Na+–K+-ATP'ase in vitro (ouabain, Zn2+, and Cu2+) were similarly effective in vivo (hippocampus and hypothalamus), while the inhibitors relatively ineffective in vitro (Fe2+ and Mn2+) were similarly of low potency in vivo. The potent inhibitors of Na+–K+-ATP'ase caused convulsions at low doses; the ineffective inhibitors caused convulsions only at very high doses.

Inhibition of testosterone metabolism in the brain and cloacal gland of the quail by specific inhibitors and antihormones

1987 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Alexandre ◽  
J. Balthazart
Keyword(s):  
Reductase Inhibitor ◽  
Aromatase Activity ◽  
Testosterone Metabolism ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
High Doses ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Very High ◽  
Cloacal Gland

ABSTRACT The effects of antioestrogens, antiandrogens and of various inhibitors of testosterone metabolism on testosterone metabolism in the quail hypothalamus and cloacal gland were studied by an in-vitro radio-enzymatic assay. It was found that antioestrogens and antiandrogens generally had little or no effect on aromatase and 5α- and 5β-reductases of testosterone, except when used at very high doses. The 5α-reductase inhibitor, 17β-N,N-diethylcarbamoyl-4-methyl-4-aza-5α-androstan-3-one, inhibited both 5α- and 5β-dihydrotestosterone production without markedly affecting aromatase activity. Surprisingly, the aromatase inhibitor, 1,4,6-androstatriene-3,17-dione, inhibited not only the production of oestradiol but also that of 5β-dihydrotestosterone and, to a lesser extent, 5α-dihydrotestosterone. These unexpected properties should be taken into account when interpreting the results of in-vivo experiments using these compounds. J. Endocr. (1987) 112, 189–195

Experimental Thrombosis in Rabbits: Evidence that Alkaline Phosphatase Enhances the Thrombogenic Effect of the Injected Ellagic Acid

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 645-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G Iatridis ◽  
J. H Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Electrophoretic Study ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Thrombotic Tendency

SummaryIntravenous injection of ellagic acid plus alkaline phosphatase in rabbits, induces a thrombotic tendency, which correlates with a hypercoagulability of the blood revealed by thrombelastography. Either ellagic acid (which suboptimally activates Hageman factor) or alkaline phosphatase, separately, gave negative results concerning the incidence of thrombosis. This clearly indicates that alkaline phosphatase in vivo, as was previously shown in vitro, acts only in the presence of an active SF. The electrophoretic study of the distribution of alkaline phosphatase, in platelet-poor plasma samples secured from rabbits, with and without injection of an alkaline phosphatase preparation, suggests the probability that it is the alkaline phosphatase activity which is located in the “beta” fraction that contributes the responsible co-factor for the thrombogenesis.

Osteogenic protein-1 enhances phenotypic expression in ROS 17/2.8 cells

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (5) ◽  
pp. E918-E926 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Kitten ◽  
J. C. Lee ◽  
M. S. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Thymidine Incorporation ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Protein

Osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) stimulates bone morphogenesis in vivo and modulates osteoblast growth and differentiation in vitro. Treatment of ROS 17/2.8 cells with OP-1 resulted in a time- and concentration-dependent inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation. In contrast, OP-1 treatment stimulated phenotypic differentiation in ROS 17/2.8 cells, as indicated by enhanced 1) alkaline phosphatase activity (4-fold); 2) alkaline phosphatase mRNA (5-fold); 3) parathyroid hormone receptor mRNA (2-fold), and 4) parathyroid hormone-stimulated adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate accumulation (2-fold). OP-1-induced changes in cell growth and gene expression were sensitive to cycloheximide and actinomycin D. Measurement of [3H]thymidine incorporation and alkaline phosphatase activity in situ revealed heterogeneity in the cellular responses to OP-1. Proliferating cells exhibited less alkaline phosphatase activity than nonproliferating cells, whereas cells expressing high levels of alkaline phosphatase incorporated little [3H]thymidine. Our data delineating the responses of mature differentiated osteoblasts to OP-1 suggest that potentiation of osteoblast differentiated function is an important component of bone morphogenesis in vivo.

scholarly journals In vitro modulation of alkaline phosphatase activity in neutrophils from patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia by monocyte-derived activity

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 492-497
Author(s):  
T Matsuo
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Neutrophil Alkaline Phosphatase

To clarify the underlying mechanism of low neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) activity in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), CML neutrophils were cultured in liquid medium with different numbers of monocytes. Alkaline phosphatase activity in CML neutrophils, assessed cytochemically, increased with the numbers of monocytes. NAP activity was not induced by the interaction between neutrophils and monocytes, but by the presence of a monocyte-derived soluble activity. NAP activity in normal neutrophils was also lowered by depletion of monocytes from culture medium. Under such monocyte-depleted conditions, both CML and normal neutrophils proliferated and differentiated to produce mature neutrophils. Thus induction of NAP activity can be modified in vitro by changing the amount of NAP-inducing activity released from monocytes. However, whether a reduction of NAP-inducing activity in CML neutrophil is the cause of low NAP activity in vivo remains uncertain.

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