EFFECT OF HCG ON PLASMA PROGESTERONE DURING THE LUTEAL PHASE OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE AND DURING PREGNANCY

1972 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Runnebaum ◽  
K. Holzmann ◽  
A.-M. Bierwirth-v. Münstermann ◽  
J. Zander
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Progesterone Level ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Stimulation Experiments

ABSTRACT The influence of intravenous HCG infusions lasting for 2 hours on the peripheral plasma progesterone concentrations was investigated in healthy women on day 5 during the hyperthermic phase of the menstrual cycle and during week 6–19 and 31–39 of pregnancy. During the luteal phase the peripheral plasma progesterone level can be increased, on an average, up to 70 % with 5000 IU and up to 250 % with 20 000 IU. The highest plasma progesterone concentrations were reached about 8 hours after the beginning of the HCG infusion. In some experiments significantly elevated progesterone concentrations were still observed 20 hours after starting the HCG infusion. The results of intravenous HCG stimulation experiments during early pregnancy (10 000–20 000 IU) and during late pregnancy (5000–20 000 IU) showed no marked changes in the peripheral plasma progesterone concentrations.

scholarly journals Correlation between endometrial dating of luteal phase days 6 and 10 of the same menstrual cycle

1998 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 1734-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Haddad Filho ◽  
Agnaldo Pereira Cedenho ◽  
Vilmon de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Progesterone Level ◽  
Ovulatory Cycle ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
Study Setting

CONTEXT: Endometrial maturation, important in the diagnosis of infertile couples, has been evaluated since 1950 using the Noyes criteria. Nevertheless, there is no consensus regarding the most suitable period of the luteal phase for performing the biopsy. OBJETIVE: This study evaluated the correlation between the histological dating of two endometrial biopsies performed in the same menstrual cycle, on luteal phase days six and ten. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Human Reproduction Division of the Federal University of São Paulo, referral center. PATIENTS:Twenty-five women complaining of infertility had their menstrual cycles monitored by ultrasound and LH plasma levels, to obtain evidence of ovulation. PROCEDURES: Endometrial biopsies were performed on luteal phase days LH+6 and LH+10 (luteal phase day 1 = LH+1 = the day that follows LH peak). Dating was done according to morphometric criteria, in which an endometrium sample is considered out of phase if the minimum maturation delay is one day. On day LH+6, blood was drawn for plasma progesterone level determination. RESULTS: All patients had an ovulatory cycle (mean LH peak: 47.4 U/L; mean follicular diameter on LH peak day: 18.9 mm; mean endometrial thickness on LH peak day: 10.3 mm; mean plasma progesterone level on day LH+6: 14.4 ng/ml). 14 patients had both biopsies in phase; 5 patients had out of phase biopsies only on day LH+6; 3 had out of phase biopsies only on day LH+10 and 3 patients had out of phase biopsies on both days. McNemar's test showed no statistical difference between these data (p>33.36%). CONCLUSIONS: The correlation found between the endometrial datings suggests that biopsies performed on either of these two days are suitable for evaluation of endometrial maturation.

PERIPHERAL PLASMA PROGESTERONE CONCENTRATION OF COWS DURING PUBERTY, OESTROUS CYCLES, PREGNANCY AND LACTATION, AND THE EFFECTS OF UNDER-NUTRITION OR EXOGENOUS OXYTOCIN ON PROGESTERONE CONCENTRATION

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. DONALDSON ◽  
J. M. BASSETT ◽  
G. D. THORBURN
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Slow Increase ◽  
Normal Cycle ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation

SUMMARY Progesterone concentrations in the peripheral plasma of cows were measured by a protein-binding radioassay method. The mean concentration was lowest at oestrus (0·44 ng/ml) and then increased to a maximum of 6·8 ng/ml about day 14 of the 21-day cycle. The concentration decreased rapidly during the last 4 days of the cycle, reaching low levels on the day before oestrus. There were no significant changes in progesterone concentration during oestrus. After ovariectomy the plasma progesterone concentration decreased to a very low level (< 0·4 ng/ml). After hysterectomy, progesterone concentrations remained high for longer than in a normal cycle. At puberty, plasma progesterone concentrations indicated cyclic ovarian activity before the first observed oestrus. Daily treatment of cows with oxytocin (0·4 u./kg body weight) from day 2 reduced the oestrous cycle length to 9 days, but did not significantly alter the slow increase in plasma progesterone concentration during the first 5 days of the cycle. Plasma progesterone concentrations decreased again after day 5 to low values. Plasma progesterone concentration during early pregnancy was similar to the luteal phase value (4–6 ng/ml), declined during mid-pregnancy and then increased to a maximum (7–8 ng/ml) at about 240 days gestation. The concentration declined 2–3 weeks before calving. During lactation progesterone concentrations were very low until the resumption of cyclic ovarian activity. The first post-partum cycle, whether accompanied by observed oestrus or not, was usually preceded by a small increase in plasma progesterone concentration 3–5 days before the start of the cycle. Undernutrition significantly increased plasma progesterone concentrations in mid- and late pregnancy. Undernutrition of non-pregnant cows increased progesterone concentrations during the luteal phase of the first cycle, but reduced it in later cycles.

SEQUENTIAL CHANGES IN PLASMA PROGESTERONE IN THE COW DURING THE ESTROUS CYCLE, PREGNANCY, AT PARTURITION, AND POST-PARTUM

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. ROBERTSON
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Cyclic Activity ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Estrous Behavior

The progesterone concentration in peripheral plasma has been measured sequentially in individual cows during the estrous cycle, gestation, at parturition, and post-partum. During the estrous cycle the concentration was lowest just before, during, and just after estrus when the level (0.1–0.4 ng/ml) was similar to that found in three ovariectomized cows. The concentration commenced to rise on the 4th–6th day (day of estrus = 1st day), reached a peak of 3–6 ng/ml on the 11th–13th day, and dropped rapidly over a 24–48-hr period to a basal value 24–72 hr before the next estrus. In early pregnancy, the plasma progesterone concentration was similar to the maximum levels found during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle. Between 90 and 150 days there was an indication of a decline to a relatively low plasma progesterone concentration followed by a variable rise. Prior to parturition, there was a gradual decline over a period of 35–70 days reaching a level of <2.0 ng/ml the day before parturition. Following parturition, the level remained at <0.5 ng/ml until the first sign of the resumption of cyclic activity. The time for this to occur was very variable (20–>60 days). Although not conclusive, the evidence favors the view that for estrous behavior to occur, estrus must be preceded by luteal activity. The discharge of mucus can occur without previous luteal activity.

THE CONCENTRATION OF PROGESTERONE IN THE PERIPHERAL PLASMA OF THE PREGNANT EWE

1969 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BASSETT ◽  
TANA J. OXBORROW ◽  
I. D. SMITH ◽  
G. D. THORBURN
Keyword(s):  
Protein Binding ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Pregnant Ewe

SUMMARY The progesterone concentration in the peripheral plasma of ewes throughout pregnancy has been determined by a protein-binding method. Plasma progesterone concentrations during the first 50 days of pregnancy (2–3 ng./ml.) were not significantly higher than peak concentrations during the luteal phase in cycling non-pregnant ewes, but there was no decrease in the concentration 15–20 days after mating as occurs in non-pregnant ewes. Between 50 and 120 days after mating the plasma progesterone concentration increased steadily to values 2–5 times that found in early pregnancy. These high concentrations were maintained until lambing. A decrease in progesterone concentration during the week preceding lambing was usually, but not always, observed. Mean plasma progesterone concentrations during the last 50 days of pregnancy in ewes with twins were approximately twice those in ewes with a single foetus.

CIRCADIAN VARIATIONS IN PLASMA PROGESTERONE IN THE LUTEAL PHASE OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE AND DURING PREGNANCY

1972 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Runnebaum ◽  
W. Rieben ◽  
A.-M. Bierwirth-v. Münstermann ◽  
J. Zander
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Circadian Variations ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma

ABSTRACT Serial plasma progesterone determinations were performed by gas-liquid chromatography in healthy women during 24 hour periods during the luteal phase of the cycle and during pregnancy. In 10 women during the hyperthermic phase of the cycle and in 14 women during early pregnancy (week 8–18) no significant circadian variation in the peripheral plasma progesterone concentration was observed. During later pregnancy (week 20–41) in 15 women, a statistically significant rise in the plasma progesterone concentration, usually from 8.00 a.m. until between 4.00 and 8.00 p. m. followed by a decrease after 8.00 p. m. until between 4.00 and 8.00 a. m., was demonstrated. The data indicate a diurnal change in the peripheral plasma progesterone level during the last trimester of pregnancy.

Role of plasma progesterone concentration in early pregnancy of the ewe

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (113) ◽  
pp. 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
FD Brien ◽  
IA Cumming ◽  
IJ Clarke ◽  
CS Cocks
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Progesterone Level ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Peripheral Plasma

Eighty-eight maiden and 125 mature Merino ewes were grazed on green irrigated pasture or given dry hay on a fallow area with or without a lupin grain supplement just before and during mating. Progesterone concentrations in peripheral plasma were measured at 12 d after coitus. Progesterone concentration was lower (2.27 vs 2.87 ng/ml, P < 0.001 ) when lupins were fed, and maiden ewes had higher progesterone concentrations than mature ewes (2.75 vs 2.36 ng/ml, P < 0.05). Pregnant ewes had higher progesterone concentrations than non-pregnant ewes (2.77 vs 2.36 ng/ml, P < 0.05), and ewes with two ovulations had higher progesterone concentrations than ewes with a single ovulation (3.13 vs 2.08 ng/ml, P < 0.001). There was an interaction between pasture type and lupin supplement, with lupins depressing progesterone level more on green irrigated pasture (lupins 2.11 ng/ml, no lupins 3.00 ng/ml, P < 0.05) than on dry pasture (lupins 2.45 ng/ml, no lupins 2.74 ng/ml, P < 0.05). The results confirm that a high plane of nutrition at mating lowers progesterone levels in plasma and suggest that this may be a factor in the increase in embryo deaths when ewes are fed lupin grain supplements.

scholarly journals Relationship of Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), Forced Expiratory Volume in First Second (FEV1)and FEV1/FVC% with Plasma Progesterone Level during Different Phases of Normal Menstrual Cycle

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultana Rokeya Mannan ◽  
Noorzahan Begum ◽  
Shelina Begum ◽  
Sultana Ferdousi ◽  
Taskina Ali
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Phase Correlation ◽  
Progesterone Level ◽  
Plasma Progesterone

The present study was carried out to observe the correlation of some lung function parameters with the endogenous plasma progesterone level during different phases of menstrual cycle. The study was conducted on 30 healthy young female volunteers with age range of 20-25 years in the department of Physiology of BSMMU, Dhaka, during July 2005- June 2006. All the subjects were studied in 3 phases of menstrual cycle for 2 consecutive cycles. FVC, FEV1 , FEV1/FVC% for assessing lung function and plasma Progesterone level during each phase of menstrual cycle were measured by a portable spirometer and by ELIZA method in auto analyzer respectively. Comparison of the values between different phases were done by paired ‘t' test considering menstrual phase data as baseline due to negligible amount of progesterone detected in this phase. Correlation of FVC , FEV1 and FEV1/FVC%with Progesterone level in each 3 phases were analyzed by Pearson's correlation- coefficient test. Plasma progesterone level was much higher during luteal phase compared to those of follicular phases of both cycles (24.54ng/ml vs1.41 ng/ml; 26.56 ng/ml vs. 1.48 ng/ml). Both FVC and FEV1 were significantly higher (p<0.001) during luteal phase than those of follicular phases in both the cycles. FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC%were positively correlated with plasma progesterone level but these relationships had failed to show any statistical significance. Similar to others, this study also observed increased ventilation and high endogenous progesterone level during luteal phase. Therefore increased ventilation might be related to high progesterone level during luteal phase owing to increased inspiratory muscle endurance and bronchial relaxation effect. Key words: Plasma Progesterone; Forced Vital Capacity; Forced Expiratory Volume; Menstrual cycle. DOI:10.3329/jbsp.v2i0.976 J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2007 Dec;(2): 7-12.

scholarly journals Correlation of Serum Level of Progesterone with Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) in Different Phases of Menstrual Cycle

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sultana Rokeya Mannan ◽  
Noorjahan Begum
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Progesterone Level ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Medical University

The present study has been carried out to observe the correlation of endogenous serum progesterone level with PEFR during luteal and follicular phases of two consecutive menstrual cycles. This study was conducted on 30 healthy young female volunteers with age ranges of 20- 24 years in the Department of Physiology of Bangladesh Shikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka during July, 2005 to June, 2006. Serum progesterone level and PEFR of all subjects during all three phases of menstrual cycles were measured by ELISA method and a portable Spirometer respectively. Plasma progesterone level is highest during luteal phase; which is about 24 fold higher than that at follicular phases. (24.54ng/ml vs 1.4ng/ml). PEFR was positively correlated with progesterone level, but statistically not significant and it was significantly higher during luteal phase than follicular phase. This result indicates that changes in the pulmonary function occurred during different phases of menstrual cycle and this is more marked during luteal phase. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v3i1.10105 AKMMCJ 2012; 3(1): 6-9

Assessment of choroidal vascularity index during the menstrual cycle

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110576
Author(s):  
Nazife Aşikgarip ◽  
Emine Temel ◽  
Kemal Örnek
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Luminal Area ◽  
Choroidal Structure

Purpose To explore the effect of menstrual cycle on choroidal vascularity index (CVI). Methods Thirty six eyes of 36 healthy women were included in this prospective study. The menstrual cycles were regular and ranged from 28 to 30 days in length. Optical coherence tomography images were obtained in 3 different phases of the menstrual cycle. The choroidal thickness (CT), total choroidal area, luminal area, stromal area, and CVI were quantified. Results Mean subfoveal, nasal and temporal CT were significantly changed in mid-luteal phase in comparison to early follicular (p = 0.018, p = 0.006 and p = 0.001, respectively) and ovulatory phases (p = 0.037, p = 0.037, and p = 0.035, respectively). Mean CVI showed a significant change in mid-luteal phase when compared with early follicular (p = 0.001) and ovulatory phases (p = 0.036). Conclusion CVI seemed to be affected in mid-luteal phase of menstrual cycle. This should be considered while analyzing choroidal structure in otherwise healthy women.

scholarly journals KLK3 as a possible novel early biomarker of environmental exposure in young women living in Polluted area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Raimondo ◽  
Mariacira Gentile ◽  
Giusy Esposito ◽  
Tommaso Gentile ◽  
Ida Ferrara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Exposure ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Early Biomarker

Abstract Background: Kallikrein Related Peptidase 3 (KLK3) is secreted by Skene's glands and, is considered ancestral homologues of the male prostate gland and has long been used as a biological marker of prostate cancer. Recent studies have shown that the synthesis of KLK3 can be induced by steroid hormones in different tissues of women and in the menstrual cycle it seems to follow the cyclic variation of estradiol and progesterone. In addition, some environmental pollutants such as bisphenols, phthalate / DBP (DiButyl Phthalate) affect AR (Androgen Receptors) mediated signalling that directly regulates KLK3 secretion. This suggests that environmental factors may play a role in KLK3 secretion.Methods: 61 healthy women living in a high environmental impact (HEI) area, 58 healthy women living in a low environmental impact (LEI) area were evaluated on possible presence or changes of KLK3 in serum at different phases of the menstrual cycle: blood samples taken in the follicular phase 5th-6th day, ovulatory phase 12th -13th day and luteal phase 19th -20th day of the menstrual cycle. For this aim, an ultra-sensitive kit for KLK3 with a detection limit of 0.001 ng / mL was used.Results KLK 3 values​​showed two opposite peaks, women from HEI had a positive peak in the ovulatory phase with mean value of 9.90 ± 3.21 pg / mL while women from LEI had a negative peak in the ovulatory phase with mean values ​​of 3.07 ± 1.49 pg / mL. Progesterone, showed a correlation with KLK3. Women from HEI had higher KLK3 values on average and no significant changes were evident between the three withdrawals in the different phases of the cycle. In contrast, women from LEI had a statistically significant decrease between the follicular and ovulatory phase (p <0.0001) and a statistically significant increase (p <0.0001) between the ovulatory and luteal phase.Conclusions: The data obtained seem to go beyond the known role of KLK3. The dosage of KLK3 during the various phases of the menstrual cycle, simple to carry out and with low costs, can represent an effective and early biomarker to assess environmental exposure and useful to recognize the risk early and protect female health, not only reproductive.

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