RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF OESTRONE AND OESTRADIOL IN THE PERIPHERAL PLASMA OF THE DOMESTIC FOWL IN VARIOUS PHYSIOLOGICAL STATES AND OF HYPOPHYSECTOMIZED AND OVARIECTOMIZED FOWLS

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Senior
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Chicken Ovary

ABSTRACT A radioimmunoassay was developed to measure the levels of oestrone and oestradiol in 0.5–1.0 ml of domestic fowl peripheral plasma. The oestrogens were extracted with diethyl ether, chromatographed on columns of Sephadex LH-20 and assayed with an antiserum prepared against oestradiol-17β-succinyl-bovine serum albumin using a 17 h incubation at 4°C. The specificity, sensitivity, precision and accuracy of the assays were satisfactory. Oestrogen concentrations were determined in the plasma of birds in various reproductive states. In laying hens the ranges of oestrone and oestradiol were 12–190 pg/ml and 29–327 pg/ml respectively. Levels in immature birds, in adult cockerels and in an ovariectomized hen were barely detectable. The mean concentrations of oestrone and oestradiol in the plasma of four non-laying hens (55 pg/ml and 72 pg/ml respectively) and one partially ovariectomized hen (71 pg/ml and 134 pg/ml respectively) were well within the range for laying hens. It is evident that the large, yolk-filled follicles are not the only source of oestrogens in the chicken ovary.

DEVELOPMENT OF A RADIOIMMUNOASSAY FOR 5α-ANDROST-16-EN-3-ONE IN PIG PERIPHERAL PLASMA

1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ø. Andresen
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
Accuracy Study ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT A radioimmunoassay (RIA) for 5α-androst-16-en-3-one (5α-androstenone) in peripheral plasma from pigs has been developed. Antibodies against 5α-androstenone conjugated through C-3 to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were produced in rabbits. The antiplasma used in this study show a cross-reaction of 100% with 4,16-androstadien-3-one (androstadienone), 5.3 % with 5α-androst-16-en-3β-ol (an-β), 3.3 % with 5α-androst-16-en-3α-ol (an-α), 2.6 % with 4-androstene-3,17-dione (androstenedione) and 1.4% with 5,16-androstadien-3β-ol (andien-β). The standard curve plotted as log picogram (pg) unlabelled 5α-androstenone against counts per minute (cpm) bound radioactive steroid was almost linear from 50 to 800 pg 5α-androstenone. Regression analysis of the data from the accuracy study gave the curve y = 0.99 x+ 203. The precision and sensitivity of the method were satisfactory. In plasma samples from sows and castrated male pigs the mean 5α-androstenone found was 1.1 ng/ml. In plasma samples from boars from 1.2 to 54.1 ng/ml was found.

Oxygen concentration and protein source affect the development of preimplantation goat embryos in vitro

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Batt ◽  
DK Gardner ◽  
AW Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Number Of Cells

The effect of oxygen concentration and the source of protein in culture medium on the development of 2- to 4-cell goat embryos in vitro was investigated. Embryos were collected from superovulated Angora-Cashmere-cross goats 48 h after ovulation and cultured for 6 days in synthetic oviduct fluid (SOF) medium under one of two oxygen concentrations (20% or 7%) and in the presence of one of five protein sources; Miles bovine serum albumin (Miles BSA), Commonwealth Serum Laboratory bovine serum albumin (CSL BSA), goat serum (GS), fetal calf serum (FCS) and human serum (HS). In the presence of 20% oxygen the percentage of embryos reaching the expanded and/or hatched blastocyst stage in SOF medium containing Miles BSA was 29%, with a mean cell number per embryo of 28.1 +/- 6.0 (+/- s.e.m.). Use of an oxygen concentration of 7% significantly increased the percentage of embryos reaching this stage (80%, P less than 0.01) and the mean number of cells per embryo (65.3 +/- 8.2, P less than 0.01). The mean number of cells of the early-cleavage-stage embryos was significantly lower when the medium contained CSL BSA, GS or FCS (42.7 +/- 5.6, 29.0 +/- 6.1 and 21.3 +/- 3.2, respectively) than with Miles BSA (92.8 +/- 6.4) or HS (104.8 +/- 17.2) (P less than 0.01). Under 7% oxygen and with Miles BSA or HS, embryos were morphologically comparable to those developed in vivo, but the mean cell numbers in vitro were only approximately half those obtained in vivo.

Successful Reversal of Diabetes by Single Donor Isologous Islet Transplantation in a Mouse Model

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Leow ◽  
D. W. R. Gray ◽  
P. J. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Islet Transplantation ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Renal Capsule ◽  
Single Donor ◽  
Mouse Islets ◽  
The Mean

A method for isolating mouse islets which consistently gives a high yield with good purity is described. Using a bovine serum albumin gradient, the mean yield of islets per pancreas is 425 (SEM ± 15) with a consistent purity of over 90%. Single donor to single recipient of islets transplanted under the renal capsule restores normoglycemia in the diabetic recipients within 2 to 5 days of transplantation.

scholarly journals PERSISTENCE OF HAPTEN-ANTIBODY COMPLEXES IN THE CIRCULATION OF IMMUNIZED ANIMALS AFTER A SINGLE INTRAVENOUS INJECTION OF HAPTEN

1974 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H. Schmidt ◽  
Bette M. Kaufman ◽  
Vincent P. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Serum Digoxin ◽  
Biological Half Life ◽  
The Mean

To study the fate of a low molecular weight antigen (hapten) in the circulation of animals whose sera contain antibodies specific for that low molecular weight antigen, a single injection of digoxin-3H (0.4 mg/kg) was administered intravenously to 18 rabbits. Thirteen animals (nine nonimmunized and four immunized with bovine serum albumin) served as control animals. In five rabbits which had been immunized with a digoxin-bovine serum albumin conjugate and whose sera contained digoxin-specific antibodies, the mean 12-h serum digoxin concentration was 8,300 ng/ml (control: 92 ng/ml) and the mean serum concentration 12 mo after the single injection of digoxin-3H was 85 ng/ml. In digoxin-immunized rabbits, less than 10% of the digoxin-3H was excreted in the first 10 days (control: 77% recovered in urine and feces) and the mean biological half-life of digoxin, as calculated from serum digoxin-3H disappearance curves, was 72 days (control: 3.4 days). In sera of digoxin-immunized rabbits, more than 90% of the circulating digoxin-3H was immunoglobulin bound, as determined by the double-antibody and dextran-coated charcoal methods. The serum disappearance rate of 125I-antidigoxin antibodies was similar in nonimmunized and in immunized animals and in the presence or absence of digoxin. It is concluded that the biological half-life of a hapten may be markedly prolonged when the hapten is bound to specific antibody. The persistence of antibody-hapten complexes in the circulation suggests that these complexes may not be deposited in tissues and raises the possibility that low molecular weight determinants may be capable of preventing or reversing the deposition of immune complexes, containing macromolecular antigens, in the tissues of experimental animals and man.

Improvement of an artificial test substrate technique for evaluation of em immunocytochemical labeling

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 762-763
Author(s):  
G. D. Gagne ◽  
M. F. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Artificial Substrate ◽  
Chemical Fixation ◽  
As If

We recently described an artificial substrate system which could be used to optimize labeling parameters in EM immunocytochemistry (ICC). The system utilizes blocks of glutaraldehyde polymerized bovine serum albumin (BSA) into which an antigen is incorporated by a soaking procedure. The resulting antigen impregnated blocks can then be fixed and embedded as if they are pieces of tissue and the effects of fixation, embedding and other parameters on the ability of incorporated antigen to be immunocyto-chemically labeled can then be assessed. In developing this system further, we discovered that the BSA substrate can also be dried and then sectioned for immunolabeling with or without prior chemical fixation and without exposing the antigen to embedding reagents. The effects of fixation and embedding protocols can thus be evaluated separately.

Stability of Prostacyclin in Human Plasma and Whole Blood: Studies on the Protective Effect of Albumin

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (03) ◽  
pp. 645-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
M A Orchard ◽  
C Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Krebs Solution ◽  
Antiaggregatory Activity ◽  
Free Plasma

SummaryThe biological half-life of prostacyclin in Krebs solution, human cell-free plasma or whole blood was measured by bracket assay on ADP-induced platelet aggregation. At 37°C, pH 7.4, plasma and blood reduced the rate of loss of antiaggregatory activity compared with Krebs solution. The protective effect of plasma was greater than that of whole blood. This effect could be partially mimicked by the addition of human or bovine serum albumin to the Krebs solution. The stabilisation afforded by human serum albumin was dependent on the fatty acid content of the albumin, although this was less important for bovine serum albumin.

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