ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY IN THE RAT NEUROHYPOPHYSIS DURING INCREASED LEVELS OF GONADOTROPHIC HORMONES, IN DIABETES INSIPIDUS (BRATTLEBORO STRAIN) AND AFTER WATER LOADING

1976 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Boer ◽  
F. W. van Leeuwen ◽  
D. F. Swaab ◽  
J. W. L. Nolten
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Neurosecretory Material ◽  
Water Metabolism ◽  
Water Loading ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT The acid phosphatase activity of the rat neurohypophysis was measured during increased gonadotrophic hormone levels, in diabetes insipidus (DI) (Brattleboro strain) and after water loading, i. e. conditions that interfere with the function of the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system (HNS). In addition determinations of tissue protein, lipid and DNA and of water metabolism were performed. Neurohypophyseal acid phosphatase activity expressed on a dry weight basis increased under all conditions. For gonadectomized females, Brattleboro rats and water loaded males an increased water metabolism was observed. The increased acid phosphatase activity is interpreted as being related to disposal of release residues during stimulation of the HNS (increased gonadotrophic hormone levels and DI) and to disposal of neurosecretory material during inhibition (water loading).

Acid phosphatase activity demonstrated in the nematodes, Dirofilaria immitis and Angiostrongylus cantonensis with special reference to the characters and distribution

Parasitology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Maki ◽  
Toshio Yanagisawa
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Angiostrongylus Cantonensis ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Noticeable Effect

SummaryAcid phosphatase activity was demonstrated in the intact blood nematodes, Dirofilaria immitis and Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Biochemical studies on acid phosphatase, using intact females and whole worm, body-wall and visceral homogenates were undertaken to clarify the characteristics and the distribution of the enzyme. In D. immitis, high acid phosphatase activity was observed at pH 3·8–5·8 and in A. cantonensis, at pH 4·5–6·0. Molybdate, fluoride, copper and zinc ions and L(+)-tartrate were effective inhibitors of the enzymes of both parasites while cobalt and magnesium ions and D(−)-tartrate had no noticeable effect on the activity. When the effect of substrate concentration on the phosphatase activity was studied, kinetic curves of Michaelis–Menten type were obtained with the 2 species of intact worms as well as their homogenates. The reproductive organs and body wall of D. immitis showed high total acid phosphatase activity. In A. cantonensis, the majority of the enzyme was localized in the body wall. The activity of intact A. cantonensis expressed as μg Pi/h/mg dry weight decreased with increase in mean worm weight. The characteristics of the acid phosphatase of the 2 nematodes are compared with those of other parasitic helminths and of acid phosphatase of mammalian origin. The localization of the phosphatase responsible for the hydrolysis of the external substrate has been discussed for D. immitis and A. cantonensis based on results of the kinetics and distribution of the enzyme.

scholarly journals Chloramphenicol stimulates acid phosphatase activity in germinating cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) embryos

1983 ◽  
Vol 212 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Bhargava ◽  
R C Sachar
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Molecular Form ◽  
Significant Stimulation ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Fold Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Low dosages of chloramphenicol (25-50 micrograms/ml) brought about a 2-4-fold stimulation of acid phosphatase activity in 48 h-germinated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) embryos. However, at high concentrations of chloramphenicol (100-1000 micrograms/ml), there was a progressive decline in enzyme activity. The stimulatory effect of the drug on acid phosphatase activity was relatively specific, since no significant stimulation of activities of proteinase, deoxyribonuclease, ribonuclease, o-diphenolase and peroxidase was observed in germinating cotton embryos. Chloramphenicol, however, did promote the activities of isocitric lyase and alkaline phosphatase. Sephadex G-200 chromatography of the enzyme fraction revealed high (230 000)- and low (106 000)-molecular-weight multiple forms of acid phosphatase in the chloramphenicol-treated embryos, in contrast with a single molecular form (mol.wt. 106 000) in the untreated embryos. Thus the treatment of cotton embryos with chloramphenicol induced both a qualitative and a quantitative change in the acid phosphatase activity. Chloramphenicol-stimulated acid phosphatase activity was strongly inhibited when Pi was included in the germination medium. However, the control embryos showed less pronounced inhibition of enzyme activity in presence of Pi ions.

scholarly journals Appearance of Hydrolase Rich Granules in Human Lymphocytes Induced by Phytohemagglutinin and Antigens

Blood ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROCHELLE HIRSCHHORN ◽  
KURT HIRSCHHORN ◽  
GERALD WEISSMANN
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Streptolysin S ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract Purified human peripheral blood lymphocytes have been shown to develop acid hydrolase-rich granules between 24 and 48 hours after stimulation by phytohemagglutinin, prior to mitosis. This increase has been measured biochemically as a net increase in total activity of the lysosomal enzymes: acid β-glycerophosphatase, acid phenolpthalein phosphatase, and aryl sulfatase. The subcellular localization of acid hydrolytic enzyme activities has been investigated, and they have been shown to be concentrated in a large granule fraction of sucrose homogenates and to behave as if they were membrane-bounded, in that their activity could be released by lysolecithin. It has also been demonstrated by histochemical technics that stimulation of lymphocytes by antigen (PPD) and by streptolysin S, as well as by phytohemagglutinin, produced an increase in acid phosphatase activity. Chloroquine, an inhibitor of the response to phytohemagglutinin, has also been shown to inhibit the development of acid phosphatase activity. These results are interpreted to suggest that both specific and nonspecific stimulants of lymphocytes induce lysosome-like structures in premitotic cells.

Erythrophagocytosis in the Liver in Hemolytic Anemias

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 184-185
Author(s):  
O. T. Minick ◽  
E. Orfei ◽  
F. Volini ◽  
G. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Kupffer Cells ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Fragments ◽  
Reticulo Endothelial System ◽  
Important Site

Hemolytic anemias were produced in rats by administering phenylhydrazine or anti-erythrocytic (rooster) serum, the latter having agglutinin and hemolysin titers exceeding 1:1000.Following administration of phenylhydrazine, the erythrocytes undergo oxidative damage and are removed from the circulation by the cells of the reticulo-endothelial system, predominantly by the spleen. With increasing dosage or if animals are splenectomized, the Kupffer cells become an important site of sequestration and are greatly hypertrophied. Whole red cells are the most common type engulfed; they are broken down in digestive vacuoles, as shown by the presence of acid phosphatase activity (Fig. 1). Heinz body material and membranes persist longer than native hemoglobin. With larger doses of phenylhydrazine, erythrocytes undergo intravascular fragmentation, and the particles phagocytized are now mainly red cell fragments of varying sizes (Fig. 2).

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