THE DEIODINATION OF THYROXINE IN HYPERTHYROID RATS AS DETERMINED BY RENAL CLEARANCE OF IODIDE

1976 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Edwards ◽  
Paul Stern ◽  
L. Kent Stitzer ◽  
Valerie Anne Galton
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Large Dose ◽  
Small Dose ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
Collection Period ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Urine Collection Period ◽  
Body Clearance

ABSTRACT Other investigators have reported that whole body clearance of thyroxine (T4) is increased in hyperthyroid rats isotopically equilibrated with radioactive T4, using the 24 h post-injection serum T4 concentration in the clearance calculation. Data from this laboratory indicate that serum T4 concentration is lowest at this point yielding falsely high clearance values, particularly when high doses of T4 are injected. To investigate this problem further, two types of experiments were performed. First, rats were equilibrated with [125I]T4, 5 or 20 μg/day, and the urinary clearance of iodide derived from T4 (deiodinative clearance) was measured from 0–7 and 7–24 h after a T4 injection, using the T4 concentration in serum obtained at the midpoint of each urine collection period. Urine was then collected from the ureters for several 1 h periods during the 4th to 8th h following T4 injection, calculating clearances using the midpoint plasma T4 concentration. Second, normal rats were given a single dose of [125I]T4, 5 or 55 μg/rat, and deiodinative clearance was determined during the subsequent 0–7 and 7–24 h periods. The first experiment indicated that deiodinative clearance was significantly enhanced in rats equilibrated with the large dose of T4 under all conditions studied. In contrast, the clearance in normal rats given a single large dose of T4 was not significantly different from that of normal rats given a small dose of T4. These results support the view that T4 clearance is increased in hyperthyroidism, due in part to an increase in the deiodination of T4.

scholarly journals 170 Effects of Dietary Phytogenic Supplementation to a Finishing Diet on Intake, Digestibility, Nitrogen Balance and Carcass Measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 125-125
Author(s):  
Colton A Althaber ◽  
Ken Coffey ◽  
James D Caldwell ◽  
Michael C Pruden
Keyword(s):  
Urine Collection ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Rubber Mat ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Collection Period ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Urine Collection Period ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
N Use ◽  
D 43

Abstract Dietary manipulations to include tannins can change the proportion and amount of nitrogen (N) excreted in the urine and feces as well as improve N-use efficiency in ruminants. Our objective was to determine the effects of different levels of phytogenic supplementation (Actifor®) on intake, digestibility, carcass measures, and N balance of lambs offered a corn-based finishing diet. Twenty-six lambs (31.5 ± 5.39 kg BW) were allocated randomly to 1 of 3 corn-based finishing diets (85% concentrate) that were offered for ad libitum consumption. Lambs were housed individually in 1 × 1.5-m pens with plastic-coated grate flooring (n = 18; 6/trt) or 1.5 × 4.3-m pens with rubber mat flooring (n = 8; 2 or 3/trt). Diets were not supplemented or supplemented with 4 or 8 g/d of Actifor® (n = 8, 9, and 9 lambs/trt, respectively). A 7-d total fecal and urine collection period (n = 6 lambs/trt) began on d 43. On d 50, rumen samples were taken at 0800, 1100, and 1400 h for measurement of pH and VFA concentrations. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS, and orthogonal linear and quadratic contrasts were used to assess phytogenic supplementation level effects. Intake and digestibility of DM and OM were not different across treatments (P ≥ 0.32). Average fecal N and lamb shrink before slaughter increased linearly (P ≤ 0.05) with increasing levels of phytogenic supplementation. Propionate and acetate:propionate decreased (P ≤ 0.05) and acetate, valerate, and pH tended to increase quadratically (P ≤ 0.08) with increasing phytogenic inclusion. Back-fat and yield grade tended (P = 0.06) to decrease linearly and dressing percentage tended (P = 0.06) to decrease quadratically with increasing phytogenic inclusion. Phytogenic supplementation increased average fecal N and improved some carcass measures, but did not affect diet digestibility.

Effects of Shenqihuafen Tablets on Immune Function in Normal Mices

2014 ◽  
Vol 926-930 ◽  
pp. 981-984
Author(s):  
Ming San Miao ◽  
Ti Sheng Cui ◽  
Bo Lin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Large Dose ◽  
Small Dose ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Macrophage Cell ◽  
Blank Group ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Medium Dose

Objective: observed the influence on the immune function of normal mices to study the Shenqihuafen tablets function characteristics of the lung tonifition and the spleen invigoration. Methods:administered different doses of Shenqihuafen tablets to normal mices ,determinated of the Percentage and index of macrophage cell in abdominal cavity. Results: compared with the blank group, large, medium dose Shenqihuafen tablets group showed significantly higher percentage of macrophage cell in abdominal cavity of mices (P < 0.01), large, medium and small dose of Shenqihuafen tablets group showed significantly higher index of macrophage cell in abdominal cavity of mices. High doses of Shenqihuafen tablets group promoted significantly the formation of hemolysin in mices (P < 0.01), large dose of Shenqihuafen group promote significantly hemolytic plaque formation in mices (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Shenqihuafen tablets increased significantly the immune of mices.

EFFECT OF LARGE DOSES OF RADIOIODINE ON THYROID FUNCTION

1969 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jovanović ◽  
Dj. Djurdjević ◽  
J. Sinadinović ◽  
M. Krainčanić
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Large Dose ◽  
Radiation Effect ◽  
Analytical Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Sucrose Density Gradient ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
High Doses

ABSTRACT The pathological iodoprotein which appears in the blood of rats after the administration of a large dose of radioiodine was investigated. For the separation and identification of this iodoprotein gel filtration, sucrose density gradient and analytical ultracentrifugation were used. It was established that this iodoprotein in the blood represents thyroglobulin 19S which is leaving the thyroid gland damaged by the large dose of irradiation. In rats treated with Na131I (a single dose of 150 μc/100 g body weight) thyroglobulin was found in the blood 24 hours after the administration of the radioisotope. The concentration increased up to the fifth day and then decreased, while on the 11th day the thyroglobulin could no longer be detected. The dynamics of the appearance of the thyroglobulin, and its concentration in the blood serum could possibly serve as an indicator of the radiation effect of high doses of radioiodine, both in experimental conditions and in medical therapeutic.

Relationship of Proteinuria and Albuminuria to Posture and to Urine Collection Period

Nephron ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Montagna ◽  
C. Buzio ◽  
C. Calderini ◽  
P. Quaretti ◽  
L. Migone
Keyword(s):  
Urine Collection ◽  
Collection Period ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Urine Collection Period

ÜBER DEN EINFLUSS VON SULFONYLHARNSTOFF, ACTH UND METOPIRON AUF ENDPRODUKTE DES KATECHOLAMINSTOFFWECHSELS BEIM DIABETES MELLITUS

1967 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
L. Zicha ◽  
J. Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vanillic Acid ◽  
Mandelic Acid ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Urine Collection ◽  
Adrenal System ◽  
Sulfonyl Urea ◽  
Catecholamine Metabolites ◽  
Collection Period ◽  
Urine Collection Period

ABSTRACT Vanillic mandelic acid (VMA), vanillic acid (VA) and homo vanillic acid (HVA) were determined in urine (collection period: 4 hours) of 11 controls, 7 patients with latent and 8 with manifest diabetes receiving sulfonyl urea, ACTH and Metopirone. The three investigated groups showed no difference in the elimination of VMA, VA and HVA during a test-free four hours period. After the application of sulfonyl urea the VMA and VA values were lowered in the diabetic group in contrary to the control persons, whereas the elimination of HVA remained unchanged. There was no difference in the HVA values between latent diabetics and controls. VA and HVA were somewhat increased after i. v. ACTH-application, VMA remained unchanged. In the diabetic group the three catecholamine metabolites were augmented up to twofold. Similar results were found during the endogenous ACTH-mobilisation by Metopirone where the diabetics also had the highest rise in VMA, VA and HVA. On account of these experiments it must be discussed that the sympathic-adrenal system of diabetics reacts more intensive to exogenous and endogenous ACTH.

Radioimmunotherapy of Xenografts of Human Pancreatic Carcinomas - Intravenous and Intratumoral Application of 131l-Labelled Monoclonal Antibodies

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (06) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lander ◽  
M. Bahlo ◽  
R. Montz ◽  
R. Klapdor
Keyword(s):  
Irradiation Dose ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Inhibit Tumor Growth ◽  
Local Irradiation ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Direct Radiation ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Induce Tumor Regression ◽  
High Doses

The effects of radioimmunotherapy were tested in xenografts of 2 different human pancreatic carcinomas comparing the intravenous and intratumoral application. On principle, intravenous injections of high doses of 131l-anti- Ca 19-9 or -BW 494/32 may inhibit tumor growth. In view of the low direct radiation dose (360-2100 rad), however, other factors than direct toxic effects have to be discussed, e. g. systemic effects due to the high whole-body irradiation. Intratumoral application, however, may induce tumor regression or growth inhibition due to the high local irradiation dose. Consequently, this treatment modality might be of clinical value at least in some patients.

A Case of Malignant Lymphoma that Healed Completely after Oral Administrations of 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-02
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Malignant Lymphoma ◽  
Large Dose ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Small Dose ◽  
Severe Hemorrhage ◽  
Tumor Agent

In 1969, Mutsuyuki Kochi [1, 2] developed 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde for use as a novel anti-tumor agent without side effect and patent it. Accordingly, this medicine is capable of preventing carcinogenesis when used in sufficient quantity. To treat advanced cancers, an oncologist should start with giving the cancer patient a small dose of 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde to avoid the possible severe hemorrhage of a tumor caused by excessive necrosis. Therefore, it has useful applications in treating lymphomas and leukemias. Consequently, those who have these diseases can receive a considerably large dose of the medicine.

scholarly journals Kinetic analysis and optimisation of 18F-rhPSMA-7.3 PET imaging of prostate cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Malaspina ◽  
Vesa Oikonen ◽  
Anna Kuisma ◽  
Otto Ettala ◽  
Kalle Mattila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Uptake Kinetics ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pet Radiopharmaceutical ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Purpose This phase 1 open-label study evaluated the uptake kinetics of a novel theranostic PET radiopharmaceutical, 18F-rhPSMA-7.3, to optimise its use for imaging of prostate cancer. Methods Nine men, three with high-risk localised prostate cancer, three with treatment-naïve hormone-sensitive metastatic disease and three with castration-resistant metastatic disease, underwent dynamic 45-min PET scanning of a target area immediately post-injection of 300 MBq 18F-rhPSMA-7.3, followed by two whole-body PET/CT scans acquired from 60 and 90 min post-injection. Volumes of interest (VoIs) corresponding to prostate cancer lesions and reference tissues were recorded. Standardised uptake values (SUV) and lesion-to-reference ratios were calculated for 3 time frames: 35–45, 60–88 and 90–118 min. Net influx rates (Ki) were calculated using Patlak plots. Results Altogether, 44 lesions from the target area were identified. Optimal visual lesion detection started 60 min post-injection. The 18F-rhPSMA-7.3 signal from prostate cancer lesions increased over time, while reference tissue signals remained stable or decreased. The mean (SD) SUV (g/mL) at the 3 time frames were 8.4 (5.6), 10.1 (7) and 10.6 (7.5), respectively, for prostate lesions, 11.2 (4.3), 13 (4.8) and 14 (5.2) for lymph node metastases, and 4.6 (2.6), 5.7 (3.1) and 6.4 (3.5) for bone metastases. The mean (SD) lesion-to-reference ratio increases from the earliest to the 2 later time frames were 40% (10) and 59% (9), respectively, for the prostate, 65% (27) and 125% (47) for metastatic lymph nodes and 25% (19) and 32% (30) for bone lesions. Patlak plots from lesion VoIs signified almost irreversible uptake kinetics. Ki, SUV and lesion-to-reference ratio estimates showed good agreement. Conclusion 18F-rhPSMA-7.3 uptake in prostate cancer lesions was high. Lesion-to-background ratios increased over time, with optimal visual detection starting from 60 min post-injection. Thus, 18F-rhPSMA-7.3 emerges as a very promising PET radiopharmaceutical for diagnostic imaging of prostate cancer. Trial Registration NCT03995888 (24 June 2019).

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