scholarly journals Enhancers and attenuators of risk associations of chronic hepatitis B virus infection with hepatocellular carcinoma in type 2 diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xilin Yang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Andrea O Y Luk ◽  
Wing Yee So ◽  
Ronald C W Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection promotes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk. In type 2 diabetes (T2D), use of insulin and statins was associated with reduced cancer risk while co-presence of low LDL cholesterol (LDLC <2.8 mmol/l) plus low triglyceride (TG; <1.7 mmol/l) increased cancer risk. There is experimental evidence showing that insulin insufficiency might promote HCC. In this study, we examined whether this lipid subphenotype and use of insulin or statins might modify the promoting effect of chronic HBV infection (indicated by the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen) on HCC. We analyzed data of 1319 T2D patients enrolled into the Hong Kong Diabetes Registry from December 1996 to January 2005 and followed up to 2005. Additive interaction was estimated using relative excess risk due to interaction and attributable proportion due to interaction. During 5782 person-years of follow-up, 1.74% (n=23) of patients developed HCC (incidence, 3.98; 95% confidence interval, 2.36–5.60/1000 person-years). HbA1c ≥7.0% and the lipid phenotype (LDLC <2.8 mmol/l plus TG <1.7 mmol/l) increased the hazard ratios (HRs) of chronic HBV infection for HCC from 3.74 to 74.96 and from 11.01 to 89.82 respectively with significant interactions. Use of insulin or statins decreased the HRs from 37.51 to 5.87 and from 64.94 to 16.99 respectively with significant interactions (allPvalues <0.05). These findings support our hypothesis that hyperglycemia and co-presence of low LDLC plus low TG might enhance, while insulin or statin usage might attenuate the promoting effect of chronic HBV infection on HCC in T2D.

Hepatitis B Virus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming V. Lin ◽  
April Wall
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health burden worldwide, with approximately 257 million people with chronic infection. HBV is a small partially double-stranded DNA virus that replicates within the nucleus of the hepatocyte and commonly leads to chronic infection. Chronic HBV infection can cause cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and extrahepatic manifestations such as glomerulonephritis or vasculitis. The latter is due to deposition of circulating immune complex in the different tissues. The natural history of HBV infection can be conceptualized as a spectrum encompassing different phases, including immune tolerance, immune clearance, inactive carrier, and reactivation and resolution. The diagnosis of the different phases of chronic HBV infection relies on various HBV serologies, liver enzyme levels, and histology findings. There are currently eight therapies approved for the treatment of HBV. Tenofovir alafenamide was the most recently approved therapy with a better side effect profile compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. With the recent advances in the basic research in hepatitis B, new treatment options may become available in the near-future. This review contains 9 figures, 11 tables and 80 references Key words: cirrhosis, entecavir, Hepadnaviridae, hepatitis B virus, hepatocellular carcinoma, precore mutation, tenofovir

Hepatitis B Virus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming V. Lin ◽  
April Wall
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health burden worldwide, with approximately 257 million people with chronic infection. HBV is a small partially double-stranded DNA virus that replicates within the nucleus of the hepatocyte and commonly leads to chronic infection. Chronic HBV infection can cause cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and extrahepatic manifestations such as glomerulonephritis or vasculitis. The latter is due to deposition of circulating immune complex in the different tissues. The natural history of HBV infection can be conceptualized as a spectrum encompassing different phases, including immune tolerance, immune clearance, inactive carrier, and reactivation and resolution. The diagnosis of the different phases of chronic HBV infection relies on various HBV serologies, liver enzyme levels, and histology findings. There are currently eight therapies approved for the treatment of HBV. Tenofovir alafenamide was the most recently approved therapy with a better side effect profile compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. With the recent advances in the basic research in hepatitis B, new treatment options may become available in the near-future. This review contains 9 figures, 11 tables and 80 references Key words: cirrhosis, entecavir, Hepadnaviridae, hepatitis B virus, hepatocellular carcinoma, precore mutation, tenofovir

Hepatitis B Virus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming V. Lin ◽  
April Wall
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health burden worldwide, with approximately 257 million people with chronic infection. HBV is a small partially double-stranded DNA virus that replicates within the nucleus of the hepatocyte and commonly leads to chronic infection. Chronic HBV infection can cause cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and extrahepatic manifestations such as glomerulonephritis or vasculitis. The latter is due to deposition of circulating immune complex in the different tissues. The natural history of HBV infection can be conceptualized as a spectrum encompassing different phases, including immune tolerance, immune clearance, inactive carrier, and reactivation and resolution. The diagnosis of the different phases of chronic HBV infection relies on various HBV serologies, liver enzyme levels, and histology findings. There are currently eight therapies approved for the treatment of HBV. Tenofovir alafenamide was the most recently approved therapy with a better side effect profile compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. With the recent advances in the basic research in hepatitis B, new treatment options may become available in the near-future. This review contains 9 figures, 11 tables and 80 references Key words: cirrhosis, entecavir, Hepadnaviridae, hepatitis B virus, hepatocellular carcinoma, precore mutation, tenofovir

Hepatitis B Virus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming V. Lin ◽  
April Wall
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Infection ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health burden worldwide, with approximately 257 million people with chronic infection. HBV is a small partially double-stranded DNA virus that replicates within the nucleus of the hepatocyte and commonly leads to chronic infection. Chronic HBV infection can cause cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and extrahepatic manifestations such as glomerulonephritis or vasculitis. The latter is due to deposition of circulating immune complex in the different tissues. The natural history of HBV infection can be conceptualized as a spectrum encompassing different phases, including immune tolerance, immune clearance, inactive carrier, and reactivation and resolution. The diagnosis of the different phases of chronic HBV infection relies on various HBV serologies, liver enzyme levels, and histology findings. There are currently eight therapies approved for the treatment of HBV. Tenofovir alafenamide was the most recently approved therapy with a better side effect profile compared with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. With the recent advances in the basic research in hepatitis B, new treatment options may become available in the near-future. This review contains 9 figures, 11 tables and 80 references Key words: cirrhosis, entecavir, Hepadnaviridae, hepatitis B virus, hepatocellular carcinoma, precore mutation, tenofovir

scholarly journals Association of STAT3 and STAT4 polymorphisms with susceptibility to chronic hepatitis B virus infection and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Shi ◽  
Hongyan He ◽  
Suvash Chandra Ojha ◽  
Changfeng Sun ◽  
Juan Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Abstract Background: It has been reported that polymorphisms of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and STAT4 might be associated with susceptibility to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and risk of chronic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Owing to limitation of sample size and inconclusive results, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the association. Methods: We identified relevant studies by a systematic search of Medline/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library up to 20 February 2019. The strength of the association measured by odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was studied. All the statistical analyses were conducted based on Review Manager 5.3 software. Results: A total of 5242 cases and 2717 controls from five studies were included for the STAT3 polymorphism, 5902 cases and 7867 controls from nine studies for the STAT4 polymorphism. Our results suggested that STAT3 rs1053004 polymorphism was a significant risk factor of chronic HBV infection (C vs. T: OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07–1.29, PA=0.0007; CC + CT vs. TT: OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.09–1.76, PA=0.008). Validation with all the genetic models revealed that rs7574865 polymorphism of STAT4 gene was closely associated with chronic HBV infection (PA<0.01) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-related HCC (PA<0.05). Meanwhile, the authenticity of the above meta-analysis results was confirmed by trial sequential analysis (TSA). Conclusions: The meta-analysis showed that STAT3 rs1053004 polymorphism may be the risk for developing chronic HBV infection but not associated with HCC. The present study also indicates that STAT4 rs7574865 polymorphism increased the risk of chronic HBV infection and HCC.

scholarly journals Serum pentraxin 3 as a biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B virus infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Deng ◽  
Xiude Fan ◽  
Xiaoyun Wang ◽  
Lu Zeng ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Pentraxin 3 ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

AbstractBiomarkers for early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are needed in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, a leading cause of HCC. We evaluated whether measurement of serum pentraxin 3 (PTX3) could improve diagnosis of HCC in chronic HBV infection. Data from patients with HBV-related chronic hepatitis (n = 159), cirrhosis (n = 99) and HCC (n = 107), and healthy controls (n = 151) were analyzed. Serum PTX3 concentration was measured by immunoassay. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was applied to assess diagnostic accuracy. PTX3 levels were significantly higher in HBV patients than in healthy controls (P < 0.001) and in HCC than in chronic hepatitis (P < 0.001) or cirrhosis patients (P < 0.001). PTX3 was an independent risk factor of HCC [odds ratio (OR) 1.617, P < 0.001] and could distinguish HCC in chronic HBV infection [cutoff 9.231 ng/mL, AUC 0.929 with 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.898–0.953], including α-fetoprotein (AFP) negative [cutoff 8.985 ng/mL, AUC (95%CI) 0.947 (0.908–0.973)] and early-stage HCC [cutoff 9.359 ng/mL, AUC (95%CI) 0.920 (0.885–0.947)]. Combination of PTX3 with AFP improved the discrimination of early HCC from chronic HBV infection [AUC (95%CI) 0.948 (0.918–0.970)]. In short, PTX3 measurement could identify HCC, including AFP-negative and early-stage HCC, in chronic HBV infection.

scholarly journals Soluble immune markers in the different phases of chronic hepatitis B virus infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen B. Wiegand ◽  
Bastian Beggel ◽  
Anika Wranke ◽  
Elmira Aliabadi ◽  
Jerzy Jaroszewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbeag Seroconversion ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Immune Markers ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Abstract Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may follow four different consecutive phases, which are defined by virology as well as biochemical markers and differ in terms of prognosis and need for antiviral treatment. Currently, host responses reflected by immune markers are not considered in this definition. We aimed to study soluble immune markers and their distribution in different phases of chronic HBV infection. In this cross-sectional retrospective study, we investigated a panel of 14 soluble immune markers (SIM) including CXCL10 in 333 patients with chronic HBV infection. In a small cohort of HBeAg positive patients we analyzed SIM before and after HBeAg seroconversion and compared seroconverters to patients with unknown outcome. Significant differences were documented in the levels of several SIM between the four phases of chronic HBV infection. The most pronounced difference among all investigated SIM was observed for CXCL10 concentrations with highest levels in patients with hepatitis. TGF-β and IL-17 revealed different levels between HBeAg negative patients. HBeAg positive patients with HBeAg seroconversion presented higher amounts of IL-12 before seroconversion compared to HBeAg positive patients with unknown follow up. SIM such as CXCL10 but also IL-12, TGF-β and IL-17 may be useful markers to further characterize the phase of chronic HBV infection.

scholarly journals Chronic hepatitis B virus infection and total and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study of 0.5 million people

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e027696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahui Si ◽  
Canqing Yu ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Zheng Bian ◽  
Ruogu Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Chronic Hbv

ObjectivesChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with a higher risk of liver diseases. Substantial uncertainty remains, however, about the associations of HBV infection with mortality from extrahepatic causes, especially from subtypes of cardiovascular diseases. We prospectively examined the association of chronic HBV infection with total and cause-specific mortality.DesignPopulation-based prospective cohort study.SettingChina Kadoorie Biobank in which participants from 10 geographically diverse areas across China were enrolled between 2004 and 2008.Participants475 801 participants 30–79 years of age without reporting major chronic diseases at baseline were enrolled. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was tested using an on-site rapid test strip at baseline.Primary and secondary outcome measuresTotal and cause-specific mortality.ResultsA total of 35 822 deaths were recorded during ~10 years of follow-up. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, compared with HBsAg-negative participants, HBsAg-positive participants had an increased risk of total mortality (HR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.91 to 2.12), which was higher in men (HR=2.16, 95% CI: 2.01 to 2.31) than in women (HR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.60 to 1.90). Presence of HBsAg was associated with increased mortality from liver cancer (1339 deaths, HR=13.95, 95% CI: 12.46 to 15.62), infections (410 deaths, HR=10.30, 95% CI: 8.21 to 12.94), digestive diseases (688 deaths, HR=6.83, 95% CI: 5.49 to 8.50), intracerebral haemorrhage (4077 deaths, HR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.68) and ischaemic heart diseases (4624 deaths, HR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.58). The positive association between HBsAg status and risk of death was stronger in participants younger than 50 years, smokers, physically active or non-hypertensive participants.ConclusionsAmong Chinese adults, chronic HBV infection was associated with increased mortality from a range of hepatic and extrahepatic diseases.

scholarly journals Impact of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) X Gene Mutations on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in Chronic HBV Infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Han Lee ◽  
Kwang-Hyub Han ◽  
Jae Myun Lee ◽  
Jeon Han Park ◽  
Hyon-Suk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
X Gene

scholarly journals Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection Associated with Increased Colorectal Cancer Risk in Taiwanese Population

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Hsiung Su ◽  
Thi Nga Le ◽  
Chih-Hsin Muo ◽  
Sister Arlene Te ◽  
Fung-Chang Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hbv Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Chronic Hbv

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections and colorectal cancer (CRC) are prevalent in Taiwan. We carried out a population-based case-control study to assess the association between HBV infection and CRC risk. Using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, we identified 69,478 newly diagnosed patients with CRC from 2005 to 2011. We further randomly selected 69,478 age- and gender-matched controls without CRC from the same database. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to evaluate the association between chronic HBV infection and CRC using a logistic regression analysis. HBV infection was found to be associated with the risk of CRC (OR = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.20–1.33). This relationship was similar in men and women. Age-specific analysis revealed that the CRC risk associated with HBV decreased with age. The adjusted ORs for patients aged <55, 55–64, and 65–74 years were 1.63 (95% CI = 1.48–1.79), 1.24 (95% CI = 1.13–1.37), and 1.02 (95% = 0.92–1.13), respectively. In conclusion, this study suggests that chronic HBV infection is significantly associated with an increased risk of CRC. Monitoring the risk of CRC development in young patients with HBV infection is crucial.

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