scholarly journals Male genital tract immune response against Chlamydia trachomatis infection

Reproduction ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
pp. R99-R110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Mackern-Oberti ◽  
Rubén Darío Motrich ◽  
Maria Teresa Damiani ◽  
Héctor Alex Saka ◽  
Cristian Andrés Quintero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Host Immune Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Male Genital Tract ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Male Genital

Chlamydia trachomatisis the most commonly reported agent of sexually transmitted bacterial infections worldwide. This pathogen frequently leads to persistent, long-term, subclinical infections, which in turn may cause severe pathology in susceptible hosts. This is in part due to the strategies thatChlamydia trachomatisuses to survive within epithelial cells and to evade the host immune response, such as subverting intracellular trafficking, interfering signaling pathways and preventing apoptosis. Innate immune receptors such as toll-like receptors expressed on epithelial and immune cells in the genital tract mediate the recognition of chlamydial molecular patterns. After bacterial recognition, a subset of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are continuously released by epithelial cells. The innate immune response is followed by the initiation of the adaptive response againstChlamydia trachomatis, which in turn may result in T helper 1-mediated protection or in T helper 2-mediated immunopathology. Understanding the molecular mechanisms developed byChlamydia trachomatisto avoid killing and host immune response would be crucial for designing new therapeutic approaches and developing protective vaccines. In this review, we focus on chlamydial survival strategies and the elicited immune responses in male genital tract infections.

scholarly journals Interaction of Chlamydia trachomatis serovar E with male genital tract epithelium results in secretion of proinflammatory cytokines

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1025-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najwa Al-Mously ◽  
Adrian Eley
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Male Genital Tract ◽  
Prostate Epithelial Cells ◽  
Male Genital

Although much has been reported on the in vitro interaction of Chlamydia trachomatis with cells derived from the female genital tract, little is known of its interaction with male genital tract epithelium. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of C. trachomatis serovar E on immortalized normal human urethral epithelial cells and on immortalized normal adult human prostate epithelial cells with regard to chlamydial growth and secretion of cytokines. After infection, these epithelial cells were assessed for their support of chlamydial growth in comparison with HeLa cells, and cytokine levels in cell culture supernatants were determined by ELISA. Although the male-derived epithelial cells supported growth of chlamydiae, the best growth was seen in HeLa cells. In contrast to prostate epithelial cells, the urethral epithelial cells released much larger quantities of interleukin 1α (IL-1α) following infection, whereas both IL-6 and IL-8 were produced in larger quantities by infected prostate cells. At 7 days post-infection, HeLa cells consistently produced large quantities of all three cytokines. In conclusion, the male-derived cell lines were shown to support the invasion of C. trachomatis and initiate a proinflammatory response to infection. From in vitro studies the suggestion that high levels of IL-6 could be a possible marker for chlamydial prostatitis is confirmed. Although not as marked a change, it is also suggested that higher IL-8 levels could be associated more with infection of the prostate than the urethra. Differential cytokine production by different male-derived epithelial cells could help determine the site of chlamydial infection and help in the study of pathogenesis.

Chlamydia trachomatis induces an inflammatory response in the male genital tract and is associated with altered semen quality

1991 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Wolff ◽  
Uwe Neubert ◽  
Martin Zebhauser ◽  
Guntram Bezold ◽  
Hans Christian Korting ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Male Genital Tract ◽  
Male Genital

EAU Guidelines for the Management of Urinary and Male Genital Tract Infections1

2001 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 576-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt G. Naber ◽  
Bo Bergman ◽  
Michael C. Bishop ◽  
Truls E. Bjerklund-Johansen ◽  
Henry Botto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Male Genital Tract ◽  
Genital Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Male Genital

Innate immunity in the male genital tract: Chlamydia trachomatis induces keratinocyte-derived chemokine production in prostate, seminal vesicle and epididymis/vas deferens primary cultures

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Mackern-Oberti ◽  
Mariana Maccioni ◽  
Maria Laura Breser ◽  
Adrian Eley ◽  
Thomas Miethke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Male Genital Tract ◽  
Chemokine Production ◽  
Male Genital

Chlamydia trachomatis is an intracellular pathogen that infects mucosal epithelial cells, causing persistent infections. Although chronic inflammation is a hallmark of chlamydial disease, the proinflammatory mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Little is known about how innate immunity in the male genital tract (MGT) responds to C. trachomatis. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of receptors of the innate immunity that recognize different pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) present in bacteria, viruses, yeasts and parasites. The study of TLR expression in the MGT has been poorly investigated. The aim of this work was to investigate the keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC) response of MGT primary cultures from C57BL/6 mice to C. trachomatis and different PAMPs. KC production by prostate, seminal vesicle and epididymis/vas deferens cell cultures was determined by ELISA in culture supernatants. TLR2, 3, 4 and 9 agonists induced the production of KC by all MGT primary cultures assayed. In addition, we analysed the host response against C. trachomatis and Chlamydia muridarum. Chlamydial LPS (cLPS) as well as C. trachomatis and C. muridarum infection induced KC secretion by all MGT cell cultures analysed. Differences in KC levels were observed between cultures, suggesting specific sensitivity against pathogens among MGT tissues. Chemokine secretion was observed after stimulation of seminal vesicle cells with TLR agonists, cLPS and C. trachomatis. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing KC production by seminal vesicle cells after stimulation with TLR ligands, C. trachomatis or C. muridarum antigens. These results indicate that different receptors of the innate immunity are present in the MGT. Understanding specific immune responses, both innate and adaptive, against chlamydial infections, mounted in each tissue of the MGT, will be crucial to design new therapeutic approaches where innate and/or adaptive immunity would be targeted.

Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the male genital tract: An update

2013 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Mackern-Oberti ◽  
Rubén Darío Motrich ◽  
María Laura Breser ◽  
Leonardo Rodolfo Sánchez ◽  
Cecilia Cuffini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Male Genital Tract ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Male Genital

scholarly journals Aquaporins Are Differentially Regulated in Canine Cryptorchid Efferent Ductules and Epididymis

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1539
Author(s):  
Caterina Squillacioti ◽  
Nicola Mirabella ◽  
Giovanna Liguori ◽  
Giuseppe Germano ◽  
Alessandra Pelagalli
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Male Genital Tract ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Efferent Ductules ◽  
Pathophysiological Condition ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Male Genital

The efferent ductules and the epididymis are parts of the male reproductive system where spermatozoa mature. Specialized epithelial cells in these ducts contribute to the transport of fluids produced by spermatozoa’s metabolic activity. Aquaporins (AQPs) have been demonstrated to be expressed in the spermatozoan membrane and testis epithelial cells, where they contribute to regulating spermatozoan volume and transit through environments of differing osmolality. Due to the lack of detailed literature regarding AQP expression in the canine male genital tract, the aim of this study was to investigate both the distribution and expression of AQP7, AQP8, and AQP9 in the efferent ductules and epididymal regions (caput, corpus, and cauda) from normal and cryptorchid dogs by using immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Our results show different patterns for the distribution and expression of the examined AQPs, with particular evidence of their upregulation in the caput and downregulation in the cauda region of the canine cryptorchid epididymis. These findings are associated with a modulation of Hsp70 and caspase-3 expression, suggesting the participation of AQPs in the luminal microenvironment modifications that are peculiar characteristics of this pathophysiological condition.

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