Difference in localization of eosinophils and mast cells in the bovine ovary

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Reibiger ◽  
K Spanel-Borowski
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Histological Sections ◽  
Bovine Ovary ◽  
Sirius Red

The bovine ovary contains a considerable number of leucocytes which can be located with an antibody against the CD18 molecule. In the present study, subtyping and cell counting were carried out on histological sections stained with Sirius red for eosinophils and with toluidine blue for mast cells. The CD18(+) cells were identified immunohistologically. Eosinophils and mast cells contributed considerably to the CD18(+) pool. The number of eosinophils in the corpus luteum increased rapidly in early development to approximately 90% of the CD18(+) cells, and decreased to 30% during secretion and to 10% during regression. Mast cells were not detectable in the follicles, the corpus luteum and the periphery of the cortex, but were observed in the interstitial cortical stroma and the medulla. The number of mast cells in these regions, which corresponded to 60-76% of the CD18(+) cells, did not change significantly throughout the oestrous cycle. It is concluded that eosinophils are selectively recruited at the periovulatory period and that mast cells are unevenly distributed.

Cell-specific localisation of apoptosis in the bovine ovary at different stages of the oestrous cycle

2006 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D’haeseleer ◽  
G. Cocquyt ◽  
S. Van Cruchten ◽  
P. Simoens ◽  
W. Van Den Broeck
Keyword(s):  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Bovine Ovary

scholarly journals Formation and early development of the corpus luteum in pigs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. Murphy ◽  
N. Gevry ◽  
T. Ruiz-Cortes ◽  
F. Cote ◽  
B. R. Downey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Early Development

scholarly journals The response of the bovine ovary to pregnant mares’ serum and horse pituitary extract

1944 ◽  
Vol 132 (867) ◽  
pp. 164-188 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Time Response ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Pituitary Extract ◽  
Response Data ◽  
Bovine Ovary ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Treatment Shock

The response of the bovine ovary to single subcutaneous injections of pregnant mares’ serum (P. M. S.) and horse pituitary extract has been studied both quantitatively and qualitatively. For the former both time-response and dose-response data were obtained, for the latter time-response data only. Quantitative changes were measured by the following ovarian indices: mean follicular diameter (M. D.); percentage of follicles M. D. ≥ 10 mm.; number of follicles M. D. ≥ 4 mm.; number of follicles M. D. ≥ 10 mm.; total follicular volume, and weight. Only the first two criteria were found to have more than a rough relationship with the duration and magnitude of the treatment given. The threshold dose of P. M. S. for quantitative effects was between 1000 and 2000 i. u. For higher doses the ovarian response was most pronounced, but there was evidence that the maximal rate of stimulation had been reached with doses of 3000-4000 i. u. For both gonadotrophins the stage of the oestrous cycle at which injections were given had no differentiating effect upon the quantitative response obtained. In particular, the total number of follicles stimulated to growth, an index that ranged widely, showed no correla­tion with this variable. Qualitative changes observed included multiple ovulation, anovulatory luteinization, the formation of abnormally small corpora lutea (P. M. S. only), and the occurrence of haemorrhagic follicles. An effect caused by horse pituitary injections only was the rupture of a single follicle within 1-2 days of treatment (‘shock’ effect). Ovulation following treatment with P. M. S. only occurred when the injection was given in the last, or follicular, phase of the oestrous cycle. With horse pituitary injections ovulation followed treatment given at all stages of the cycle. The differences in the biological properties of these two gonadotrophic preparations have been discussed in the light of the new evidence arising from this study.

A comparative study of the corpus luteum

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
RT Gemmell
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Embryonic Diapause ◽  
Alternative Reproductive Strategy ◽  
Uterine Development

The corpus luteum (CL) is a transitory organ which has a regulatory role in reproduction. Sharks, amphibians and reptiles have corpora lutea that produce progesterone which influences the rate of embryonic development. The egg-laying monotremes and the two major mammalian groups, eutherian and marsupial, have a CL that secretes progesterone. Most eutherians have allowed for the uterine development of their young by extending the length of the oestrous cycle and the CL or placenta actively secretes progesterone until birth. Gestation in the marsupial does not extend beyond the length of an oestrous cycle and the major part of fetal development takes place in the pouch. Where the extension of the post-luteal phase in the eutherian has allowed for the uterine development of young, the marsupial has extended the pre-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle and has evolved an alternative reproductive strategy, embryonic diapause. The mechanism for the secretion of hormones from the CL has been controversial for many years. Densely-staining secretory granules have been observed in the CL of sharks, marsupials and eutherians. These granules have been reported to contain relaxin, oxytocin or mesotocin, and progesterone. A hypothesis to suit all available data is that all hormones secreted by the CL are transported within such granules. In conclusion, although there are obvious differences in the mode of reproduction in the two main mammalian groups, it is apparent that there is a great deal of similarity in the hormonal control of regression of the CL and parturition.

Reproduction of the Red-Bellied Pademelon Thylogale billardierii (Marsupialia)

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Rose ◽  
DJ McCatney
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Seasonal Breeder ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Duration Of Gestation

'Thylogale billardierii, which is abundant in Tasmania, is a seasonal breeder with most births in the months April, May and June. Parturition is followed by mating, and the zygote so produced remains dormant until either sucking becomes intermittent near the end of pouch life or the young is lost. The mean length of the oestrous cycle was determined at 30.3 days, not significantly longer than the duration of gestation (30.2 days). Removal of pouch young results in the birth of a new young 28.7 days later. Removal of the corpus luteum results in oestrus 11 days later. Pouch life is 202 days, and vacation of the pouch by the young coincides precisely with parturition and post-partum mating. The young mature at about 14-15 months.

Effects of oestradiol, the oestrous cycle and pregnancy on weight, metabolism and cytosol receptors in the uterus of the brush-tail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Curlewis ◽  
G. M. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Uterine Weight ◽  
In Vitro Protein Synthesis ◽  
Vitro Protein

ABSTRACT Uterine weight, RNA, DNA, protein content, in-vitro rate of protein synthesis, cytosol oestrogen and progesterone receptors were examined after administration of oestradiol to ovariectomized animals and on days 0, 5, 9 and 13 of the non-pregnant cycle and day 13 of pregnancy. In ovariectomized animals, oestradiol increased uterine weight, RNA: DNA and protein: DNA ratios and the concentration of cytosol receptors for oestradiol and progesterone. During the oestrous cycle there was a linear increase in uterine weight and a significant effect of the corpus luteum on the weight of the ipsilateral uterus. Changes in RNA, DNA and protein content between days 0 and 5 were not observed, but between days 5 and 13 RNA: DNA and protein: DNA ratios increased and the DNA: tissue weight ratio decreased. Thus, cellular hypertrophy and/or increased metabolic activity rather than hyperplasia occur over this period, which is coincident with the known rise in plasma progesterone levels. The rate of in-vitro protein synthesis (per unit tissue protein) during the non-pregnant cycle was greatest at day 0. These changes in uterine metabolic activity were associated with alterations in cytosol receptor concentrations for both steroids. Cytosol progesterone receptor concentrations were highest at day 0 after which they declined to a minimum at day 13. Cytosol oestradiol receptor concentrations, however, rose between days 0 and 5 and then declined. Although lutectomy on day 8 of the cycle does not interfere with the development of a histologically normal luteal phase, high peripheral progesterone levels which occur after day 8 in intact animals are associated with major increases in uterine metabolic activity. The unilateral effect of the corpus luteum on uterine weight was associated with a decrease in DNA: g tissue ratio and an increase in rate of in-vitro protein synthesis indicating hypertrophy and/or extracellular accumulation of secreted material as well as enhanced metabolic activity. There was a significant effect of pregnancy on uterine weight at day 13 and this was associated with an increase in DNA content of both uteri. There was a unilateral effect of pregnancy on RNA: DNA ratio and in-vitro rate of protein synthesis, but not on uterine weight. J. Endocr. (1986) 108, 201–210

scholarly journals Enterochromaffin Cells and Mast Cells in Acute Appendicitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Bhavya P. Mohan ◽  
K.P. Aravindan
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Mast Cells ◽  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Ec Cells

Abstract Background and Objective Serotonin levels are increased in acute appendicitis. We investigated the possible source of this increase. The aim of this study was to compare the distribution and density of epithelial and nonepithelial enterochromaffin (EC) cells as well as numbers of degranulated and nondegranulated mast cells in different layers of normal appendices and acute appendicitis. Methods Sections from 15 cases of acute appendicitis and 10 cases where the appendix was morphologically normal were stained with Hematoxylin & Eosin, Toluidine blue, and immunohistochemically for chromogranin and CD-117. EC cells stained by chromogranin were counted per crypt and extraepithelial EC cells counted and expressed as cells per unit area (mm2). Mast cells stained by Toluidine blue and CD-117 were counted in lamina propria, submucosa, and muscle layers. The difference between Toluidine blue and CD117 stained mast cells was taken to be an estimate of degranulated cells. The cell counts were expressed per unit area (mm2) as well as per cross-sectional area of the appendix. Results There was no statistically significant difference in epithelial and extraepithelial EC cells between acute appendicitis and normal appendix. Estimated mast cell degranulation as indicated by mast cell counts per cross-sectional area is greatly increased in acute appendicitis when compared with normal. Conclusion Degranulated mast cells rather than EC cells may be the main source of raised serotonin in acute appendicitis.

scholarly journals Delayed effect of low progesterone concentrations on bovine uterine PGF(2alpha) secretion in the subsequent oestrous cycle

Reproduction ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 643-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Shaham-Albalancy ◽  
Y Folman ◽  
M Kaim ◽  
M Rosenberg ◽  
D Wolfenson
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Delayed Effect ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Progesterone Treatment ◽  
Late Luteal Phase ◽  
Subsequent Cycle ◽  
Concentration Curves

Low progesterone concentrations during the bovine oestrous cycle induce enhanced responsiveness to oxytocin challenge late in the luteal phase of the same cycle. The delayed effect of low progesterone concentrations during one oestrous cycle on uterine PGF(2alpha) secretion after oxytocin challenge on day 15 or 16 of the subsequent cycle was studied by measuring the concentrations of the major PGF(2alpha) metabolite (13,14-dihydro-15-keto PGF(2alpha); PGFM) in plasma. Two experiments were conducted, differing in the type of progesterone treatment and in the shape of the low progesterone concentration curves. In Expt 1, progesterone supplementation with intravaginal progesterone inserts, with or without an active corpus luteum, was used to obtain high, or low and constant plasma progesterone concentrations, respectively. In Expt 2, untreated cows, representing high progesterone treatment, were compared with cows that had low but increasing plasma progesterone concentrations that were achieved by manipulating endogenous progesterone secretion of the corpus luteum. Neither experiment revealed any differences in plasma progesterone concentrations between the high and low progesterone groups in the subsequent oestrous cycle. In both experiments, both groups had similar basal concentrations of PGFM on day 15 (Expt 1) or 16 (Expt 2) of the subsequent oestrous cycle, 18 days after progesterone treatments had ended. In both experiments, the increases in PGFM concentrations in the low progesterone groups after an oxytocin challenge were markedly higher than in the high progesterone groups. These results indicate that low progesterone concentrations during an oestrous cycle have a delayed stimulatory effect on uterine responsiveness to oxytocin during the late luteal phase of the subsequent cycle. This resulting increase in PGF(2alpha) secretion may interfere with luteal maintenance during the early stages of pregnancy.

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