scholarly journals On the Question of the Problems of Statistical Calculations of the Conducting Crystals Thermodynamic and Kinetic Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-353
Author(s):  
Ya.S. Budzhak ◽  
T. Wacławski
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Thermodynamic Potential ◽  
Chemical Potential ◽  
Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Elementary Model ◽  
Dispersion Law ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium State

This paper presents an elementary model of a crystal and its thermodynamic equilibrium state. It was shown that the thermodynamic characteristics of the crystal at this state are described by the Gibbs grand thermodynamic potential. If the crystal is removed away from the equilibrium state, then in this state it will be described by the set of kinetic properties, and these properties are statistically calculated with the use of the non-equilibrium Gibbs grand thermodynamic potential. Crystals’ thermodynamic and kinetic properties have analytical dependence on the current carriers dispersion law and chemical potential of these carriers. In this work, it was shown that the determination of the dispersion law and chemical potential – these are complicated problems of statistical and kinetic theories of crystals’ properties.

scholarly journals On the violation of local thermodynamic equilibrium in the plasma jet of an argon arc two-jet plasmatron

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (1II)) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
A. S. Cherevko ◽  
A. A. Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Plasma Jet ◽  
Saha Equation ◽  
Radiation Processes ◽  
Unconventional Method

The degree and nature of the violation of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) in the analytical zone of a plasma jet generated by an argon arc two-jet plasmatron (TJP) was estimated using an unconventional method based on determination of the nonequilibrium parameterbiequal to the ratio of the experimentally determined actual population of the energy level (ni) of the element to the population of the same level calculated from the Saha equation (nis). Partial ionizing deviation of plasma under study from the equilibrium state takes place only when low-lying atomic levels are overpopulated. The distinct dependence ofbion the ionization potential of the considered element (e.g., Ca, Mg, and Be) is shown. The results were interpreted in the light of the increasing role of radiation processes upon excitation of spectra in the argon arc two-jet plasmatron.

Photo-induced translocation of a Pdn moiety (n = 2, 7) on a conjugated polyene ligand

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (35) ◽  
pp. 13149-13153
Author(s):  
Mitsuki Yamashita ◽  
Shinnosuke Horiuchi ◽  
Koji Yamamoto ◽  
Tetsuro Murahashi
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Stationary State ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium State

The Pd2-translocation on a tetraene ligand is switchable between the thermodynamic equilibrium state and the photo-stationary state. The Pd7-translocation on a carotene ligand proceeds smoothly under photo-irradiation.

scholarly journals U- to Z-shape isomerization in a Pt2Ag2 framework containing pyridyl-NHC ligands

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (21) ◽  
pp. 7113-7117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinnosuke Horiuchi ◽  
Sangjoon Moon ◽  
Eri Sakuda ◽  
Akitaka Ito ◽  
Yasuhiro Arikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium State

A highly twisted U-shaped Pt2Ag2 complex bearing pyridyl–NHC ligands showed isomerization to Z-shaped conformations via an intermolecular process. 1H NMR experiments revealed that the isomerization reached U : Z = 2 : 1 ratio in a thermodynamic equilibrium state.

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