Challenges and Opportunities in Electronic Package Technology Development

2005 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasser Grayeli
Author(s):  
Wahid Nashihuddin ◽  
Fajar Suryono

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan dan mengetahui kompetensi, upaya, tantangan dan peluang pustakawan dalam menghadapi disrupsi profesi di era library 4.0.  Jenis data kajian ini adalah kualitatif dengan sumber data literature review. Literatur yang telah direview kemudian dianalisis isinya berdasarkan pokok bahasan kajian. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa pustakawan (di berbagai jenis institusi perpustakaan) sebaiknya meningkatkan kompetensi diri dan melakukan tranformasi perpustakaan untuk persiapan menghadapi disrupsi. Pustakawan perlu meningkatkan kompetensi dirinya secara profesional dalam hal pengelolaan e-resources perpustakaan, kepemimpinan manajerial, literasi digital, dan literasi penelitian. Kompetensi tersebut sebagai bekal pustakawan untuk melakukan tranformasi perpustakaan dan mewujudkan masyarakat berpengetahuan. Selain itu, pustakawan juga harus memandang isu dan fenomena disrupsi sebagai tantangan dan peluang yang positif bagi pengembangan karir profesinya di masa mendatang. Sebagai rekomendasi, pustakawan perlu mengikuti perkembangan teknologi digital library 4.0 dan memperhatikan tiga hal, yaitu penguatan pengetahuan, membangun konektivitas, dan berorientasi pada kebutuhan komunitas. Hal tersebut dilakukan agar pustakawan siap menghadapi disrupsi dan pelayanan perpustakaan yang diberikan kepada pengguna berdampak langsung bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat.ABSTRACTThis study aims to explain and to know the competencies, efforts, challenges and opportunities of librarian for encounter the profession disruption in the library 4.0 era. This type of study data is qualitative with literature review as data sources. The literature that has been reviewed then analyzed based on the subject matter. The results of this study indicate that librarians (in various types of library institutions) should improve their competences and conduct the library transformations to disruption preparation. Librarians need to increase their professional competence in terms of library e-resources management, managerial leadership, digital literacy, and research literacy. These competencies as the librarian asset to transform the library and realize the knowledgeable community. In addition, librarians must look at disruption issue and phenomena as positive challenges and opportunities for professional career development in the future.  As the recommendation, librarians need to keep up of digital technology development of library 4.0 and noticed to three things, namely knowledge strengthening, connectivity building, and oriented to the community needs. This is done so that librarians are ready to encounter the disruption and library services provided to users can be impacted for the community welfare.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257868
Author(s):  
Karen Vella ◽  
Umberto Baresi ◽  
Stewart Lockie ◽  
Bruce Taylor

Maintaining the functional integrity of ecosystems as climate pressures exceed natural rates of adaptation requires new knowledge and new approaches to governance and management. However, research into management interventions to assist regional ecosystem adaptation has generated both scientific and ethical debate. This paper reviews experience to date in order to identify the challenges and opportunities for assisted regional ecosystem adaptation and reflect on the implications for ongoing adaptation research. The review was informed by a database and structured analysis of some 450 reports, peer-reviewed manuscripts and books on participation theory and experience with novel technology development and assisted ecosystem adaptation. We identified five classes of challenges to adaptation research: 1) scientific conflicts and debates over the “facts”, 2) social challenges, 3) governance challenges, 4) epistemic challenges, and 5) ontological conflicts. We argue that engagement strategies linked to the multiple objectives of adaptation research provide opportunities for ecosystem adaptation.


Membranes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claus Hélix-Nielsen

Biomimetic membranes are attracting increased attention due to the huge potential of using biological functional components and processes as an inspirational basis for technology development. Indeed, this has led to several new membrane designs and applications. However, there are still a number of issues which need attention. Here, I will discuss three examples of biomimetic membrane developments within the areas of water treatment, energy conversion, and biomedicine with a focus on challenges and applicability. While the water treatment area has witnessed some progress in developing biomimetic membranes of which some are now commercially available, other areas are still far from being translated into technology. For energy conversion, there has been much focus on using bacteriorhodopsin proteins, but energy densities have so far not reached sufficient levels to be competitive with state-of-the-art photovoltaic cells. For biomedical (e.g., drug delivery) applications the research focus has been on the mechanism of action, and much less on the delivery ‘per se’. Thus, in order for these areas to move forward, we need to address some hard questions: is bacteriorhodopsin really the optimal light harvester to be used in energy conversion? And how do we ensure that biomedical nano-carriers covered with biomimetic membrane material ever reach their target cells/tissue in sufficient quantities? In addition to these area-specific questions the general issue of production cost and scalability must also be treated in order to ensure efficient translation of biomimetic membrane concepts into reality.


2021 ◽  
pp. 421-444
Author(s):  
Amy Sheon ◽  
Steven Chan ◽  
Brian Van Winkle ◽  
Benjamin Rosner

Over the last several years, there has been rapid growth of digital technologies attempting to transform healthcare. Unique features of digital medicine technology lead to both challenges and opportunities for testing and validation. Yet little guidance exists to help a health system decide whether to undertake a pilot test of new technology, move right to full-scale adoption, or start somewhere in between. To navigate this complexity, this chapter proposes an algorithm to help choose the best path toward validation and adoption. Special attention is paid to considering whether the needs of patients with limited digital skills, equipment (e.g., smartphones) and connectivity (e.g., data plans) have been considered in technology development and deployment. The algorithm reflects the collective experience of 20+ health systems and academic institutions that have established the Network of Digital Evidence for Health, NODE.Health, plus insights from existing clinical research taxonomies, syntheses, or frameworks for assessing technology or for reporting clinical trials.


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