scholarly journals Reforestation OF THE Siberian STONE pine forests AT THE SOUTHERN LIMIT OF THEIR DISTRIBUTION IN WESTERN SIBERIA AFTER THE OUTBREAK foci OF THE SIBERIAN moth

Author(s):  
E. N. Pats ◽  
E. M. Bisirova
Author(s):  
Н.М. Дебков ◽  
Д.А. Покляцкий ◽  
В.-В.Г. Паршина

Отличительной особенностью восстановительно-возрастной динамики кедровых лесов является практически полное отсутствие кедровых молодняков в распределении по группам возраста. Данный период своего развития кедровники проходят под пологом других лесообразователей тайги, как правило, березы и осины, а в условиях средней подзоны и сосны. До недавнего времени заготовка древесины в мягколиственных лесах велась ограниченно, но в последние годы лесопользование в них усиливается в связи с появлением спроса, в первую очередь на березовую древесину в Китае. Именно березняки считаются основным фондом потенциальных кедровников, освоение которых без учета особенностей лесообразовательного процесса кедра приведет к прерыванию его восстановительной динамики. В представленной работе сделана попытка оценить потенциальные кедровники Западной Сибири в пределах средней тайги Томской области. В качестве объектов исследования взяты сосновая, березовая и осиновая формации. Всего на общей площади в 4,3 млн га проанализировано более 75 тыс. выделов. С учетом методических наработок разных авторов и их сравнительного анализа в работе принято считать потенциальными кедровниками мягколиственные и светлохвойные насаждения с подростом кедра высотой более 1 м в количестве более 1 тыс. шт/га. В результате проведенного исследования выявлено незначительное присутствие кедра в составе древостоев сосны, березы и осины. Установлено увеличение участия во втором ярусе, которое достигает эдификаторного значения в подпологовом возобновлении. В условиях средней тайги Западной Сибири большая часть сосновых, березовых и осиновых насаждений обеспечена подростом кедра в достаточном количестве, чтобы отнести их к категории потенциальные кедровники. Обнаружены новые сведения, которые позволяют отнести среднетаежные осинники к перспективному фонду потенциальных кедровников. Более того, именно осиновые леса, как правило, занимают самые производительные условия местообитания, где перспективно формирование наиболее орехопродуктивных кедровников. A distinctive feature of the regenerative-age dynamics of Siberian stone pine's forests is the almost complete absence of young stands in the distribution by age groups. This period of development Siberian stone pine's forests pass under the canopy of other tree species of taiga, as a rule, birch and aspen, and in the mid-subzone and pine. Until recently, logging in deciduous forests has been limited, but in recent years, the use of them has been intensified due to the emergence of demand, primarily for birch wood in China. It is birch forests that are considered to be the main fund of potential Siberian stone pine's forests, the development of which, without taking into account the features of the forest forming process of Siberian stone pine, will lead to an interruption of its regenerative dynamics. In the work presented, an attempt is made to evaluate the potential Siberian stone pine's forests in middle taiga of Tomsk region. As objects of research, 75,000 plots of pine's, birch's and aspen's forests were taken and were analyzed on a total area of 4,3 million hectares. Taking into account the methodological developments of other authors and their comparative analysis, it is customary to consider deciduous and light coniferous stands with Siberian stone pine's undergrowth of more than 1 meter in height in quantity of more than 1000 pieces/ha as potential Siberian stone pine's forests. As a result of the study, an insignificant presence of Siberian stone pine in the composition of stands of pine, birch and aspen was revealed. An increase in participation in the second tier has been established, which achieves an edificative value in the undergrowth. In the conditions of the middle taiga of Western Siberia, the majority of pine's, birch's and aspen's forests are provided with Siberian stone pine's undergrowth in sufficient quantity to classify them as potential Siberian stone pine's forests. New information has been discovered that allows us to classify aspen forests of the middle subzone as a perspective fund of potential Siberian stone pine's forests. Moreover, aspen forests, as a rule, occupy the most productive habitat conditions, where the formation of the most nut-productive Siberian stone pine's forests is promising.


Author(s):  
E.N. Pats ◽  

The current state of reforestation of Siberian stone pine stands in the near-village Siberian stone pine forests in Tomsk Oblast is given by criteria of dark coniferous seedling colonization. Structure of the natural regeneration is very diverse and quite specific.


Author(s):  
E.N. Timoshok ◽  

Larch forests are most common in the modern high-mountain forests of the Altai. Some relic old-growth Siberian stone pine forests are ingrained to them. Our investigations are fetched out the modern Siberian stone pine forests is the final stage of post-fire succession but the reaching of the stage was possible only in periods with high precipitation levels. The cause which prevents forming of such forests in the modern period in a long time required for the succession as post-fire succession is developing by the inhibition model: successional predecessor species (larch) prevent colonization of successor species (Siberian stone pine) until the disturbance will damage the predecessor population. As a result reaching of the stone pine tree stage may require several hundred years. The fires are usually prevent reaching of this stage.


2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
D. N. Shuvaev ◽  
A. A. Ibe

Abstract The total of 257 trees from the ten natural Siberian stone pine populations of West Siberian Plain, Ural Mountains and Kuznetsk Alatau were studied with the eight nuclear microsatellite loci. Differentiation of population groups indicates the possible existence of separate refugia in the past in the Urals and Kuznetsk Alatau. The northern populations of Western Siberia were characterized by a reduced level of genetic diversity, which could be a consequence of the founder effect in the process of P. sibirica migration from the southern regions of Western Siberia and the Urals since the end of the last glacial maximum. The genetic variability distribution among populations shows the uneven dynamics of Siberian stone pine migration from the zones of supposed refugia. The map of the proposed ways of Siberian stone pine migration from the zones of possible refugia was constructed, and it is in a good agreement with the results of palynological investigations.


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