scholarly journals Influence of roof slope on timber consumption in plane trusses design

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 6750-6757
Author(s):  
Iuri Fazolin Fraga ◽  
Matheus Henrique Morato de Moraes ◽  
Isabella Silva Menezes ◽  
Felipe Nascimento Arroyo ◽  
João Paulo Boff de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Criterion ◽  
Renewable Source ◽  
Vital Importance ◽  
Draft Standard ◽  
Minimum Angle ◽  
Structural Calculation ◽  
Minimum Height ◽  
World Consumption

The growing world consumption of wood in civil construction is evident, especially in structural roofing systems. Despite being from a renewable source, its rational and intelligent use is of vital importance in the execution of structural designs. Because it is a system that is recognized worldwide in the design of trussing roof structures, there are several empirical assumptions for structural calculation. To reduce timber consumption, some tile manufacturers suggest a 10% (6°) slope between chords. However, after simulations of 11 slopes with angles from 5° to 15°, the timber consumption was inversely proportional to the slope, reaching a 90% difference between extreme angles. The method used to obtain the results was software designed according to the routines prescribed by the new draft standard of ABNT NBR 7190 (2021). Considering a prefabricated truss with 5 cm thickness sections, the design criterion was that of minimum height, increasing by 0.10 cm until all checks were satisfied. Finally, the minimum angle after which no strengthening is required on the bars was 10°.

New ISO Draft Standard Classifies Surface Particle Cleanliness

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Technical Committee ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Surface Contamination ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Vital Importance ◽  
International Organization For Standardization ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Draft Standard ◽  
Surface Particle

With today's rapid technological progress and miniaturization, clean surfaces are of growing interest and vital importance for many high-tech industries and applications. The International Organization for Standardization Technical Committee (ISO/TC) 209 is taking steps to fill the need for global standards addressing surface contamination.

Highlights From Gastro Update Europe2019 - Budapest - June 14-16, 2019 145

2019 ◽  
pp. 145-160
Author(s):  
Guido N. J. Tytgat
Keyword(s):  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Vital Importance ◽  
Selection Of

This narrative review summarizes a selection of recent, clinically-important novel gastrointestinal developments, presented and discussed at the European Gastro Update In Budapest. The selected topics reflect what the distinguished faculty considered of vital importance to be communicated to the astute busy gastro-hep clinician, who is eager to stay well informed of important novel developments in his discipline. Whenever appropriate a personal comment or addition was added to further raise the educational value of this review. Given its narrative character, statements and conclusions are largely expert opinion-based and referencing is limited to the selected images.

The Al-Qaeda Revival in Pakistan: Challenges and Prospects

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhan Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Terrorist Group ◽  
Al Qaeda ◽  
Vital Importance ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Us ◽  
Terrorist Organization ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Tribal Areas

Pakistan remains a country of vital importance for Al-Qaeda. It is primarily because of Al-Qaeda’s advent, rise and shelter and not to mention the support the terrorist organization found at the landscape of Pakistan during the last two decades. The emergence of in Pakistan can be traced back to the Afghan War (1979-89), with a brief sabbatical in Sudan the Islamist terrorist group rose to gain prominence after shifting back to Afghanistan. It then became a global ‘Islamist’ terrorist entity while based in neighboring Afghanistan and found safe havens in the erstwhile tribal areas of Pakistan in the aftermath of the US invasion of Afghanistan in 2001. Prior to its formation in 1988 in Peshawar (Pakistan), it had worked as Maktab al-Khidmat (Services Bureau) during the Afghan War.2 It had its roots in Pakistan, which had become a transit point of extremists en route to Afghanistan during the War. All high profile Al-Qaeda leaders, later becoming high-value targets, and members of its central Shura had lived in Pakistan at one point in their lives. That is the very reason the Al-Qaeda in Pakistan is termed as Al-Qaeda Core or Central among law enforcement practitioners and intelligence communities. Without going into details of Al-Qaeda’s past in Pakistan the aim of this article is to focus on its current state of affairs and what future lies ahead of it in Pakistan.

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