scholarly journals JANOS KORNAI AND HIS MEMORABLE WORK

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (12) ◽  
pp. 83-92
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Witold KOLODKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
The Political ◽  
Famous Scientist ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
State Socialist

Janos Kornai is the foremost economist of the socialist and post-socialist countries in the last 50 years. He was a world-famous scientist, who left behind the great legacy of works published in more than 20 languages. His theory of system anti-equilibrium in the centrally planned economy, the concept of soft and hard budget constraints, and the economic deficit had revolutionary significance for the scientific explanation of the production processes and distribution and deepening of capital in the state socialist economics. His contribution to the political economy of socialism, which he taught at Harvard University was particularly significant. In practice, Kornai was satisfied with the descriptive approach analysing of the socialist system whereas, in works published after 1989 he drew attention to normative economics, proposing the ways of structural reform, institutional constructions, and economic policy in the post-socialist transition stage. His last book, in which anti-equilibrium characterized by deficits under socialism compared with the anti-equilibrium specific to the overflows under capitalism is essential. The evolution of the academic thought of this eminent economist and its influence on real economic processes was analyzed. Polemical comments about the interpretation of economic and social processes, which takes place in China are added.

INNOVATIVE MODEL OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Baxtiyor Navruz-Zoda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Sustainable Tourism Development ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Technological Chain ◽  
Priority Task ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Innovative Model

In a pandemic coronavirus and the global crisis, with the result that be a violation of the technological chain of production processes and services, as a priority task of economic policy is the restoration and sustainable development of tourism based on the search for innovative solutions. Based on the integration of two theories -innovation and sustainable development, the article substantiates the "Innovative model of sustainable development" as an anti-crisis tool for the development of tourism. At the same time, special attention is paid to the characteristics of environmental, social and economic innovations that are widely applied in the field of tourism

Between Metz and Überlingen

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander O'Hara
Keyword(s):  
Lake Constance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Ultimate Failure ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Local Populace

After Columbanus was expelled from Luxeuil, he journeyed to Paris and Metz. Theudebert, ruler of Austrasia, proposed that Columbanus found a monastery on the eastern edges of his kingdom. Columbanus consented and led his monks to the Lake Constance area, where they engaged in a failed missionary attempt. They angered the local populace with their forceful proselytization and were soon driven out of the region. Columbanus resumed his initial plan to relocate to Italy, but one of his monks, Gallus, was left behind and later set up a small hermitage near the Steinach stream. Jonas of Bobbio described the entire episode in terms of mission, but Columbanus was not literally a missionary. His Alamannian activities are best understood when compared to his other attempts at monastic foundation. This chapter explores the political undertones of the Alamannian mission, the reasons for its ultimate failure, and the later achievements of Gallus.

Board-level employee representation in the Visegrád countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Zybała
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Class ◽  
Employee Representation ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
Labour Participation ◽  
Board Level ◽  
Practical Agenda ◽  
Visegrád Countries

This article addresses the complexity of trade-union approaches to board-level employee representation in the Visegrád countries, and the barriers it faces in particular national settings. Trade unionists in these countries accept the relevance of such employee representation in theory, but their practical agenda covers other issues which they perceive as more important as they struggle to survive at many levels of activity, and face growing existential uncertainty and risk. Unions also lack capacity to overcome obstacles such as reluctance on the part of the political class and managerial hostility to board-level representation; they cannot exert influence on major policy decisions at national level. They are operating in a more and more difficult environment, reflecting not merely a declining membership base, but also the recent economic crisis that failed to change the economic policy paradigm in the Visegrád countries: policies there still rely on a neoliberal approach and hence are not conducive to labour participation. What can still be seen as the predominant model is the traditional one of the market economy in which rights of ownership reign supreme.

‘A Party for Owners or a Party for Earners?’ How far did the British Conservative Party Really Change After 1945?

1987 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 49-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ramsden
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Conservative Party ◽  
The Political ◽  
New Economic Policy ◽  
Characteristic Mode ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
Electoral Defeat ◽  
Post War ◽  
Looking Back

THE period spent in opposition between 1945 and 1951 has generally been thought of as a key to the understanding of the activities of the post-war British Conservative Party. Autobiographies of the Party leaders of the time began to appear at the end of the Fifties, already looking back to a period in which the Conservatives had decisively changed their approach. So for example, Lord Woolton's Memoirs reviewed not only a term as Party Chairman which had been a highlight of his own crowded career, but also his sharing in a major act of transformation, a transformation that had led on to Conservative success since 1951: ‘the change was revolutionary’. Other key figures in the organisation reached similar conclusions as their own accounts appeared: David Maxwell-Fyfe argued that the new Party rules which he had drawn up had not only decisively widened the political base of British Conservatism, but that events since had confirmed the importance of the change. R. A. Butler's account of The Art of the Possible argued in 1971 that ‘the overwhelming electoral defeat of 1945 shook the Conservative Party out of its lethargy and impelled it to re-think its philosophy and re-form its ranks with a thoroughness unmatched for a century’. The effect was to bring both the policies of the Party and ‘their characteristic mode of expression’, as he puts it, ‘up to date’. As recently as 1978, Reginald Maudling—a key figure behind the scenes in 1945–51 as a speechwriter from Eden and Churchill and as the organising secretary of the committee which produced the Industrial Charter of 1947—reached much the same view: ‘We were at that time developing a new economic policy for the Conservative Party … It marked a substantially different approach for post-war Conservative philosophy.

Goods and States: The Political Logic of State-Socialist Material Culture

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztina Fehérváry
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Soviet Bloc ◽  
The Political ◽  
State Socialism ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
The City ◽  
State Socialist

In the two decades since the fall of state socialism, the widespread phenomenon ofnostalgiein the former Soviet satellites has made clear that the everyday life of state socialism, contrary to stereotype, was experienced and is remembered in color. Nonetheless, popular accounts continue to depict the Soviet bloc as gray and colorless. As Paul Manning (2007) has argued, color becomes a powerful tool for legitimating not only capitalism, but democratic governance as well. An American journalist, for example, recently reflected on her own experience in the region over a number of decades:It's hard to communicate how colorless and shockingly gray it was behind the Iron Curtain … the only color was the red of Communist banners. Stores had nothing to sell. There wasn't enough food… . Lines formed whenever something, anything, was for sale. The fatigue of daily life was all over their faces. Now… fur-clad women confidently stride across the winter ice in stiletto heels. Stores have sales… upscale cafés cater to cosmopolitan clients, and magazine stands, once so strictly controlled, rival those in the West. … Life before was so drab. Now the city seems loaded with possibilities (Freeman 2008).

The World. Challenges of the Global Crisis. Germany

2014 ◽  
pp. 38-52
Author(s):  
I. Semenenko ◽  
G. Irishin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Market ◽  
The Eu

The economic crisis of 2008–2009 highlighted new problems in the development of the German social market economy model and brought to the forefront the factors of its resilience that have ensured Germany’s leadership positions in the EU. Changes in economic policy have affected in the first place the energy and the financial sectors. Shifts in the political landscape have led to the appearance of new political parties. These changes have affected the results of the 2013 elections, the liberal democrats failure to enter the Bundestag has made the winner – CDU – seek new coalition partners.

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