scholarly journals The religious dimension reconstruction of the public sphere in modern theories of sociology of religion

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Natalia Vashrova
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
The Public ◽  
Religious Dimension ◽  
Contemporary Sociology ◽  
The Public Sphere

The article describes the features of studying interaction between religion and society in contemporary sociology of religion. In particular, author presents theories, studying the transformation of religion, its adaptation to modern conditions, the emergence of new forms of interaction with political and public. Conducted is the review of Ukrainian sociologists’ elaborations in the interpretation of the religion’s role and place in modern society. The author also focuses on the possibilities of applying the approaches of Western sociology of religion for the conceptualization and the study of religious life in Ukraine.

Weimar Bodies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Planert
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Weimar Republic ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Gainful Employment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Gendered Bodies ◽  
The Public Sphere

Like the arts and politics, sexuality, bodies, and the gender order in the Weimar Republic were sites of experimentation in and with modernity. The First World War and the revolution had accelerated the breakthrough of women into arenas such as politics, the public sphere, and professional gainful employment. Big cities provided space for sexual libertinage, in which the transgression of heterosexual norms was possible. A rationalization of sexuality took place, which combined increased freedoms and liberties with attempts at regulation. Sports became an important transmission belt for ideas of discipline, efficiency, and self-optimization. The Weimar welfare state combined the entitlement to live a healthy life with the duty to actively retain the health of one’s body. The latter included considering future generations via eugenicist ideas. A far-reaching consensus on the value of eugenics emerged, yet only under the pressure of the world economic crisis did it materialize in concrete proposals to recalibrate social policy. The final years of the Weimar Republic were marked by a remasculinization of the public sphere and a partial return to more traditional views on gender roles. Overall, gender and gendered bodies, sexuality and human reproduction, were inherent elements of the political conflicts that shaped modern society. At the end of the Weimar Republic, they were more contested than ever.

scholarly journals Suppresion of women in modern society – socio-economic aspects

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Vilić
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Public Sphere

Along with creating the conditions for progress and emancipation of womenin society, they developed the instruments and methods of preventing theexercise of these conditions. Although it is evident legally equating womenwith men in all spheres of life in modern society there are various forms ofself-suppression of women (psychological, economic, cultural, acceptance ofwomen “without rebellion” of values and rules that are set by men and thelike.). Th e increasing presence of women in the public sphere, their subjugation,discrimination and subordination are moved from private to publicsphere - (in) ability to access public services, employment, wage levels andthe like. Th e causes of this suppression are, usually, in the character of socialrelations - are still rooted in the patriarchal patterns - the imposition of“masculine” principles and rules of everyday life which suppress women fromimportant segments of social relations.

Justice as the sacred in language: Durkheim and Habermas on the ultimate grounds of modernity and critique

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Callegaro
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Critical Theory ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
Theory Of Communicative Action ◽  
Double Movement ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The Public Sphere

The article reconstructs the double movement of departure and return to Emile Durkheim’s sociology that Jürgen Habermas realized in his work in order to define the theoretical paradigm of communicative action and revive the original project of Critical Theory. It highlights, in the first part, how Habermas first used Durkheim’s The Elementary Forms of Religious Life to assign a phylogenetic function to ritual practices and explain modernity, from an evolutionist perspective, as the final result of a progressive linguistification of the sacred, having substituted the communion of minds in rites with the communication of reasons in the public sphere. After having discussed the two main objections that Habermas addressed to Durkheim at the time of The Theory of Communicative Action, the second part shows how he recently revised his rationalist framework through a new anthropological reading of The Elementary Forms, aimed at demonstrating, in the context of a more complex account of evolution, why the requirement of justice discloses, even in modernity, the active presence of the sacred in language and orientates the critical work of reason in the search of solidarity. Pointing out the new directions in which the hypothesis of a linguistification of the sacred must be seriously revised, it ends by suggesting how the question of social justice may open the path to a positive cooperation between sociology and Critical Theory.

Conceptualizing E-Participation in the Public Sphere

2011 ◽  
pp. 141-155
Author(s):  
Jenny Backhouse
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Public ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
Social Communications ◽  
The Public Sphere

This chapter reviews the current understanding of the role of e-participation in democratic processes, in particular emphasizing the deliberative aspects of participatory democracy and the factors that impinge on successful participation initiatives. It considers what lessons can be learnt, if any, from related aspects of e-government and from e-business, in order to refine the concept of e-participation. The chapter concludes that e-participation has a role to play in a modern society where the Internet is increasingly the medium of choice for social communications. However, e-participation projects need to be appropriately developed so that they truly engage the citizenry and encourage meaningful participation in deliberative facets of democracy.

Boundary Politics in the Public Sphere: Openness, Secrecy, and Leak

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes S. Ku
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Relationship

The issue of openness/secrecy has not received adequate attention in current discussion on the public sphere. Drawing on ideas in critical theory, political sociology, and cultural sociology this article explores the cultural and political dynamics involved in the public sphere in modern society vis-à-vis the practice of open/secret politics by the state. It argues that the media, due to their publicist quality, are situated at the interface between publicity and secrecy, which thereby allows for struggles over the boundary of state openness/secrecy in the public sphere. A theory of boundary politics is introduced that is contextualized in the relationship among state forms, the means of making power visible/invisible (media strategies), and symbolic as well as discursive practices in the public sphere. In explaining the dynamics of boundary politics over openness/secrecy, three ideal-types of boundary creation are conceptualized: open politics secrecy and leak. The theory is illustrated with a case study of the Patten controversy in Hong Kong.

scholarly journals The phenomenon of conflicts around art in the context of the contemporary public sphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-280
Author(s):  
Karolina-Dzhoanna Gomes ◽  
◽  
Tatyana A. Kruglova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Art World ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
The Public ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
The Public Sphere

The article examines a new type of conflict in the form of public protests against contemporary art that appeared at the end of the 20th — beginning of the 21st century. Typical signs of contemporary conflicts are highlighted: the discourse of the offense is central, the protests are usually organized and collective, accusations are brought against art institutions, and collec-tive affective reactions and symbolic violence often become forms of conflict interaction. In the article, protests against contemporary art are examined through the prism of the analysis of the public as an actor in the conflict, transformations of the public sphere and relations in it as an autonomous field of art (the “art world”) and the fields of influence of other social forces. Relations between the art world and the public go beyond the framework of the educational paradigm, which was dominated by asymmetry and passive influence of consumers on the dynamics of the artistic field. The activization of a part of the public, for which the consumption of contemporary art is not a cultural norm, indicates that the origins of the conflict cannot be explained by the rules of artistic communication that has developed in modern society. Contemporary art spaces are turning into noticeable and important places for the manifestation of social tension and political struggle. Art in the public sphere is becoming the space of vulnerability (J. Butler). It is substantiated that one of the factors in the activation of public conflicts was a change in the structure of the side of the conflict which we call the “public” as opposed to the “audience of art”. In the framework of the concept of the public sphere as an agonistic space (Ch. Mouffe), the need for a review of the value orientations of art institutions and strategies for their interaction with the public is constituted.

scholarly journals Religious Minorities and Struggle for Recognition

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-239
Author(s):  
Christophe Monnot ◽  
Solange Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
School System ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Struggle For Recognition

Religious minorities are increasingly present in the public sphere. Often pointed out as a problem, we argue here that the establishment of these minorities in Western societies is happening through struggles for recognition. Communities or individuals belonging to different minorities are seeking recognition from the society in which they are living. In Section 1, we present, briefly, our perspective, which differs from the analyses generally presented in the sociology of religion in that it adopts a bottom-up perspective. In Section 2, we present and discuss articles dealing with case studies in the cities of Barcelona, Geneva, and Montreal. In Section 3, we discuss two articles that present a process of individualization of claims for recognition. Finally, we present an article that discusses the case of an unrecognized minority in the Turkish school system.

By What Rules? Human Rights and Religious Authority

Hate Spin ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherian George
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Sociology Of Religion ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
The Public ◽  
International Human ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Legal Frameworks ◽  
Comparative Political Science

Constitutional and legal frameworks influence the practice of hate spin. This chapter explains the international human rights approach, which draws the line of legal permissibility at incitement to discrimination and violence. It also discusses the American First Amendment tradition, which is significantly more tolerant of extreme speech in public discourse. At the other extreme are states that have wide latitude to police offence and insult. Islamic nations have attempted to export their domestic approaches into international law through the idea of “defamation of religion”. This debate raises the larger question of how constitutions should accommodate religious rationales for law. Drawing insights from the sociology of religion and comparative political science, this chapter argues that a plural and tolerant democracy does not require religion to be forced out of the public sphere, but must give primacy to the rule of law.

Resisting With Art

2021 ◽  
pp. 440-459
Author(s):  
Nihal Kocabay-Sener
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Surveillance Camera ◽  
Activist Art ◽  
Surveillance Cameras ◽  
Cctv Surveillance ◽  
The Public Sphere

Surveillance has become an element of everyday life. Modern society is used to surveillance. It has become inconspicuous. But art makes surveillance apparent. In this chapter, the notion of surveillance art was debated, and surveillance art was evaluated as activist art. In surveillance art, there are artworks created by singular artists or art groups. In this chapter, two groups were analyzed: Surveillance Camera Players and Manifesto for CCTV Filmmakers. The two art groups focused on CCTV. Surveillance Camera Players tried to take attention by playing in front of the CCTV in the public sphere. Surveillance Camera Players created awareness for surveillance cameras that normalized in everyday life. Manifesto for CCTV Filmmakers also invited to make a film via CCTV footage. The manifesto noticed to determine with the act. Consequently, surveillance art creates social awareness, and it is a way to resist surveillance.

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