scholarly journals Diferencias entre las membranas inducidas por diferentes implantes y cementos. Estudio experimental. [Differences among membranes induced by different implants and cements. Experimental study]

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-295
Author(s):  
Esteban Andrés Lobos Centeno ◽  
Fernando Vanoli ◽  
Pablo López ◽  
Martín Mangupli ◽  
Christian Antonio Allende Nores
Keyword(s):  
Cement Spacer ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Epithelial Proliferation ◽  
Vascular Proliferation ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Elastic Nail ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group 1

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar y comparar las características de las membranas que se forman alrededor de espaciadores de cemento y aquellas que rodean a implantes de titanio y acero.Materiales y Métodos: Veinte conejos en 2 grupos de 10: grupo 1, espaciador de cemento con antibióticos en fémur derecho y clavo de titanio (TEN) en fémur izquierdo; grupo 2, espaciador de cemento con antibióticos más corticoide en fémur derecho y clavija de acero en fémur izquierdo. A las 6 semanas se extrajeron las membranas. Se evaluaron sus características macroscópicas, bioquímicas, histológicas y en las imágenes.Resultados: Macroscopia: la membrana del cemento con antibióticos era significativamente más ancha y, en el cemento con corticoide y el TEN, era muy fina y adherente. Microscopia: menos inflamación en el cemento con corticoide (p = 0,0502), sin diferencias con las clavijas (p = 0,322). La proliferación epitelial era mayor en las clavijas (p = 0,026) y escasa en el cemento con corticoide (p = 0,071). Hubo una leve tendencia a la proliferación vascular (p = 0,107), de menor actividad, en el grupo con corticoide vs. sin corticoide. No hubo diferencias entre clavija y TEN (p = 0,737). No hubo diferencias significativas en las radiografías y la tomografía (p = 0,988). En la resonancia magnética, la mayoría de las respuestas en el grupo 2 indicaron sin osteointegración, debido a distorsión de la imagen (metal).Conclusiones: Diferentes materiales y los diferentes agregados alteran macroscópica e histológicamente las membranas. El cemento con corticoide presentó menor inflamación y fibrosis, menos proliferación vascular, y membranas más finas y adherentes. AbstractBackground: The objective of this study is to analyze and compare the characteristics of the membranes that form around cement spacers; as well as the one that develops around titanium and steel implants.Materials and Methods: 20 rabbits were divided into 2 groups of 10. In Group 1, an antibiotic-coated cement spacer was placed on the right femur, and a titanium elastic nail (TEN) on the left one. In Group 2, an antibiotic/steroid-coated cement spacer was placed on the right femur, and a steel peg on the left one. At 6 weeks, the membranes were removed and its macroscopic, imaging, biochemical and histological characteristics wereevaluated.Results: Macroscopy: The membrane induced by the ATB-coated cement spacer was significantly wider, whereas the one induced by the steroid-coated cement spacer and the TEN was very thin and adherent. Microscopy: The membrane induced by the steroid-coated cement spacer showed less inflammation (p = 0.0502) and was similar to the one induced by the steel peg (p = 0.322). Steel pegs showed greater epithelial proliferation (p = 0.026), which was scarce on the membrane induced by the steroid-coated cement spacer (p = 0.071). There was a mild tendency towards less active vascular proliferation (p = 0.107) in the group of the steroid-coated cement spacer vs. the one without  steroids. There were no differences between the steel peg and the TEN (p = 0.737). X-rays and CT showed no significant differences (p = 0.988). In MRIs, most of the responses indicated lack of osseointegration in the steel peg group due to metallic artifacts.Conclusions: Different materials (titanium, steel and cement) with different agents added to them (antibiotics and steroids), alter the membranes both macroscopically and histologically. The steroidcoated cement spacer showed less inflammation and fibrosis, less vascular proliferation, and thinner and adherent membranes.

scholarly journals A tissue-engineered urinary conduit in a porcine urinary diversion model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Jundziłł ◽  
Piotr Kwieciński ◽  
Daria Balcerczyk ◽  
Tomasz Kloskowski ◽  
Dariusz Grzanka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Urinary Diversion ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group 1

AbstractThe use of an ileal segment is a standard method for urinary diversion after radical cystectomy. Unfortunately, utilization of this method can lead to numerous surgical and metabolic complications. This study aimed to assess the tissue-engineered artificial conduit for urinary diversion in a porcine model. Tissue-engineered tubular polypropylene mesh scaffolds were used for the right ureter incontinent urostomy model. Eighteen male pigs were divided into three equal groups: Group 1 (control ureterocutaneostomy), Group 2 (the right ureter-artificial conduit-skin anastomoses), and Group 3 (4 weeks before urostomy reconstruction, the artificial conduit was implanted between abdomen muscles). Follow-up was 6 months. Computed tomography, ultrasound examination, and pyelogram were used to confirm the patency of created diversions. Morphological and histological analyses were used to evaluate the tissue-engineered urinary diversion. All animals survived the experimental procedures and follow-up. The longest average patency was observed in the 3rd Group (15.8 weeks) compared to the 2nd Group (10 weeks) and the 1st Group (5.8 weeks). The implant’s remnants created a retroperitoneal post-inflammation tunnel confirmed by computed tomography and histological evaluation, which constitutes urostomy. The simultaneous urinary diversion using a tissue-engineered scaffold connected directly with the skin is inappropriate for clinical application.

scholarly journals Pulsed Radiofrequency for Chronic Inguinal Neuralgia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2;18 (2;3) ◽  
pp. E147-E155
Author(s):  
Yasser M. Amr
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Pulsed Radiofrequency ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Inguinal Neuralgia ◽  
Group 1

Background: Chronic inguinal neuralgia has been reported after inguinal herniorrhaphy, caesarean section, appendectomy, and trauma to the lower quadrant of the abdomen or inguinal region. Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of pulsed radiofrequency in management of chronic inguinal neuralgia. Study Design: Randomized, double-blind controlled trial. Setting: Hospital outpatient setting. Methods: Twenty-one patients were allocated into 2 groups. Group 1 received 2 cycles of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) for each nerve root. In Group 2, after stimulation, we spent the same time to mimic PRF. Both groups received bupivacaine 0.25% + 4 mg dexamethasone in 2 mL for each nerve root. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was assessed. Duration of the first block effective pain relief was reported. Repeated PRF blockade was allowed for any patient who reported a VAS > 30 mm in both groups during the one year follow-up period. The number and duration of blocks were reported and adverse effects were also reported. Results: Significantly longer duration of pain relief was noticed in Group 1 (P = 0.005) after the first block, while the durations of pain relief of the second block were comparable (P = 0.59). In Group 1 the second PRF produced pain relief from the twenty-fourth week until the tenth month while in Group 2, pain relief was reported from the sixteenth week until the eighth month after the use of PRF. All patients in Group 2 received 3 blocks (the first was a sham PRF) during the one year follow-up period. Meanwhile, 2 PRF blocks were sufficient to achieve pain relief for patients in Group 1 except 4 patients who needed a third PRF block. No adverse events were reported. Limitations: Small sample size. Conclusion: For intractable chronic inguinal pain, PRF for the dorsal root ganglion represents a promising treatment modality. Key words: Radiofrequency, chronic, inguinal neuralgia

Frameless ROSA® Robot-Assisted Lead Implantation for Deep Brain Stimulation: Technique and Accuracy

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lannie Liu ◽  
Sarah Giulia Mariani ◽  
Emmanuel De Schlichting ◽  
Sylvie Grand ◽  
Michel Lefranc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Lead Position ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Deep Brain ◽  
Group 1

Abstract BACKGROUND Frameless robotic-assisted surgery is an innovative technique for deep brain stimulation (DBS) that has not been assessed in a large cohort of patients. OBJECTIVE To evaluate accuracy of DBS lead placement using the ROSA® robot (Zimmer Biomet) and a frameless registration. METHODS All patients undergoing DBS surgery in our institution between 2012 and 2016 were prospectively included in an open label single-center study. Accuracy was evaluated by measuring the radial error (RE) of the first stylet implanted on each side and the RE of the final lead position at the target level. RE was measured on intraoperative telemetric X-rays (group 1), on intraoperative O-Arm® (Medtronic) computed tomography (CT) scans (group 2), and on postoperative CT scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in both groups. RESULTS Of 144 consecutive patients, 119 were eligible for final analysis (123 DBS; 186 stylets; 192 leads). In group 1 (76 patients), the mean RE of the stylet was 0.57 ± 0.02 mm, 0.72 ± 0.03 mm for DBS lead measured intraoperatively, and 0.88 ± 0.04 mm for DBS lead measured postoperatively on CT scans. In group 2 (43 patients), the mean RE of the stylet was 0.68 ± 0.05 mm, 0.75 ± 0.04 mm for DBS lead measured intraoperatively; 0.86 ± 0.05 mm and 1.10 ± 0.08 mm for lead measured postoperatively on CT scans and on MRI, respectively No statistical difference regarding the RE of the final lead position was found between the different intraoperative imaging modalities and postoperative CT scans in both groups. CONCLUSION Frameless ROSA® robot-assisted technique for DBS reached submillimeter accuracy. Intraoperative CT scans appeared to be reliable and sufficient to evaluate the final lead position.

Systemic to Pulmonary Collaterals in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants: Incidence, Clinical Significance, and Hemodynamic Features

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Hayek ◽  
Rowena Cayabyab ◽  
Ima Thompson ◽  
Mahmood Ebrahimi ◽  
Bijan Siassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Objective To determine the incidence of systemic to pulmonary collaterals (SPCs) in extremely low birth weight infants and to assess its clinical and hemodynamic significance beyond the neonatal period. Study Design Retrospective cohort study was conducted on 61 infants with echocardiogram performed at the time of discharge to determine the presence of SPC and to measure the right and left ventricular outputs and left atrium to aortic ratio. We compared two groups: small or no SPC (Group 1) to moderate or large SPC (Group 2) on demographics, clinical outcomes, and echocardiographic parameters. Results Sixty-one infants were included. The incidence of SPC was 57%; 21% of infants had moderate or large shunts and 31% had small SPC. Demographics, clinical outcomes, and echocardiographic parameters were not significantly different between small or no SPC and moderate to large SPC. Conclusion More than half of the infants had SPC. The size of the shunt did not affect the clinical outcomes nor the echocardiographic parameters measured. All infants had cardiac output above the normative mean.

Independent Processing of the Temporal and Ordinal Structure of Movement Sequences

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 3725-3735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Ullén ◽  
Sara L. Bengtsson
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Implicit Learning ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Fast Learning ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Right ◽  
Temporal Sequences ◽  
Group 1

We investigated if the temporal and ordinal structures of sequences can be represented and learned independently. In Experiment 1, subjects learned three rhythmic sequences of key presses with the right index finger: Combined consisted of nine key presses with a corresponding temporal structure of eight intervals; Temporal had the temporal structure of Combined but was performed on one key; Ordinal had the ordinal structure of Combined but an isochronous rhythm. Subjects were divided into two groups. Group 1 first learned Combined, then Temporal and Ordinal; Group 2 first learned Temporal and Ordinal, then Combined. Strong transfer effects were seen in both groups. In Group 1, having learned combined facilitated the learning of the temporal ( Temporal) or ordinal ( Ordinal) sequence alone; in Group 2, having learned Temporal and Ordinal facilitated the learning of Combined, where the two are combined. This supports that subjects had formed independent temporal and ordinal representations. In Experiment 2, we investigated if these can be learned independently. Subjects repeatedly reproduced sequences with fixed temporal and random ordinal structure; random temporal and fixed ordinal structure; and random temporal and ordinal structures. Temporal and ordinal learning was seen only in the first and second sequences, respectively. In summary, we provide evidence for the existence of independent systems for learning and representation of ordinal and temporal sequences and for implicit learning of temporal sequences. This may be important for fast learning and flexibility in motor control.

scholarly journals Has the kidney survival improved in the IgA glomerulopathy in the last three decades?

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 (106(812)) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
M. Ballesteros-Barroso ◽  
C. Rabasco ◽  
R. Sánchez ◽  
R. Ortega ◽  
M. Espinosa-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Macroscopic Hematuria ◽  
Mesangial Proliferation ◽  
Histological Characteristics ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Transversal Study ◽  
Worse Prognosis ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Severe Fibrosis

Aim: To have the knowledge of the incidence, clinical, analytical and histological presentations, the kidney survival mean and the contribution of treatments to it. Methods: A descriptive, observational and transversal study over 156 patients who were diagnosed of primary IgA glomerulonephritis between 1994 and 2018 in the Nephrology department of Reina Sofía Hospital in Córdoba. Variables were analysed globally and compared between group 1 (G1) 1994-2002, group 2 (G2) 2002-2010 and group 3 (G3) 2010-2018. Results: Annual incidence 8,4 cases/million, 69,2% men, age mean 35,4±15,2 years old, serum creatinine mean 1,7±1,2 mg./dl., proteinuria mean 1,9±2,4 g./24h., macroscopic hematuria 41,4%, arterial hypertension 61,5%, ACEI/IIARA 87,5% and corticosteroids 33,7%. Kidney biopsy, mesangial proliferation 71,1%, sclerosis 49,2%, severe fibrosis 27,1%. The kidney survival at 10 and 20 years was 80,6% and 77,3%, respectively. GROUPS. The annual incidence increased in G3 (9,9 cases/million VS 6,9 cases/million G1), higher age mean (39,4±16,5 years old VS 31,5±14,9 years old G1, p=0,011), lower macroscopic hematuria (27,5% VS 58,8% G1, p=0,021) and worse prognosis histological characteristics, S1 (59,6% VS 25% G1, p=0,005) y F2 (21,7% VS 20% G1, p=0,016). The kidney survival at 8 years was identical in three groups (p=0,16). Conclusion: The incidence of biopsies with IgA nephropathy in Cordoba was increased between 2010 and 2018, with older patients, lower macroscopic hematuria and worse prognosis histological characteristics. Treatments and kidney survival at 8 years have not varied in three groups, making a different therapeutic approach necessary in order to improve the prognosis of the disease.

scholarly journals Modified Kocher-Langenbeck Approach for the Treatment of Posterior Wall or Column Acetabular Fractures: The One-Incision Two-Window Method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien-Yu Yang ◽  
Po-Yao Chuang ◽  
Tsan-Wen Huang ◽  
Kuo-Chin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Acetabular Fractures ◽  
Fracture Group ◽  
Satisfaction Rate ◽  
Posterior Wall Fracture ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The One ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: The Kocher-Langenbeck (K-L) approach is the standard method for the treatment of posterior wall or column acetabular fractures. This approach allows direct access to the posterior structures of the acetabulum, but is limited cranially and caudally by the neurovascular bundle. The present study was conducted to assess the quality of reduction and the incidence of complications in patients who underwent the modified “one-incision two-window” K-L approach.Methods : This is a Retrospective case series with recruited thirteen consecutive patients from 2015 to 2017 who sustained an acute, displaced posterior wall or column acetabular fracture. All patients were treated with modified “one-incision two-window” K-L approach.Results: The mean operation time, mean intraoperative blood loss, and mean incision wound length were estimated to be 103.8 min (60-120 min), 373.1 mL (100-700 mL), and 9.7 cm (8.0-13.0 cm), respectively. The radiographic quality of reduction was graded as anatomical reduction (maximum residual displacement [MRD] ≤ 2 mm) in all cases, according to Matta’s criteria. Concerning the incidence of complications, there were no iatrogenic neurovascular injury, no surgical site infections, and no osteonecrosis of the femoral head or heterotopic ossification in this cohort. One patient with transverse posterior wall fracture (group 1) experienced deep vein thrombosis in the lesion leg. Another two patients with solitary posterior wall fracture (group 2) developed posttraumatic osteoarthritis, with one diagnosed as Tonnis grade I lesion and the other as Tonnis grade III lesion. With respect to the clinical treatment outcome, the mean visual analogue scale (VAS), mean modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and subjective satisfaction rate were 1.7 (1.0-2.0), 90.6 (81-100), and 84.6% (80%-90%), respectively. Although there was no significant difference in the satisfaction rate (82.9% vs. 87.0%, P = 0.941) at 12 months after surgery, group 1 patients had more increased VAS score (2.0 vs. 1.2, P = 0.016) and more decreased mHHS (87.7 vs. 94.6, P = 0.014) than group 2 patients. Conclusions: Our pilot study confirmed that the “one-incision two-window” K-L approach is a simple, safe, reliable, and effective way to manage acute, displaced posterior wall or column acetabular fractures.Level of evidence: Therapeutic study, level IV.

Vasoactive intestinal peptide in canine hearts: effect of total cardiac denervation

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (2) ◽  
pp. H598-H602 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Anderson ◽  
J. R. Wynn ◽  
J. Kimball ◽  
G. R. Hanson ◽  
E. Hammond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Canine Heart ◽  
Cardiac Denervation ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group 1

The effect of total cardiac denervation on the distribution of cardiac immunoreactive vasoactive intestinal peptide (IR-VIP) was determined in four groups of dogs. Denervated dogs killed at either 7 days (group 1) or 30 days (group 3) were compared with sham-operated dogs killed at either 7 days (group 2) or 30 days (group 4). The highest concentrations of IR-VIP were found in the left atrium and proximal left anterior descending and circumflex coronary arteries and were not affected by denervation. Concentrations of IR-VIP in the left ventricle were barely detectable. Only right ventricular IR-VIP concentrations were significantly lower in denervated compared with sham-operated dogs in both groups. Thus these data provide evidence of intrinsic VIP innervation of the atria and epicardial coronary arteries and localized extrinsic VIP innervation of the right ventricle of the canine heart.

scholarly journals Neural mechanisms of coarse-to-fine discrimination in the visual cortex

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2822-2833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopathy Purushothaman ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Dmitry Yampolsky ◽  
Vivien A. Casagrande
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Tuning Curve ◽  
Discrimination Performance ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Right ◽  
Neuronal Groups ◽  
Coarse To Fine ◽  
Group 1

Vision is a dynamic process that refines the spatial scale of analysis over time, as evidenced by a progressive improvement in the ability to detect and discriminate finer details. To understand coarse-to-fine discrimination, we studied the dynamics of spatial frequency (SF) response using reverse correlation in the primary visual cortex (V1) of the primate. In a majority of V1 cells studied, preferred SF either increased monotonically with time ( group 1) or changed nonmonotonically, with an initial increase followed by a decrease ( group 2). Monotonic shift in preferred SF occurred with or without an early suppression at low SFs. Late suppression at high SFs always accompanied nonmonotonic SF dynamics. Bayesian analysis showed that SF discrimination performance and best discriminable SF frequencies changed with time in different ways in the two groups of neurons. In group 1 neurons, SF discrimination performance peaked on both left and right flanks of the SF tuning curve at about the same time. In group 2 neurons, peak discrimination occurred on the right flank (high SFs) later than on the left flank (low SFs). Group 2 neurons were also better discriminators of high SFs. We examined the relationship between the time at which SF discrimination performance peaked on either flank of the SF tuning curve and the corresponding best discriminable SFs in both neuronal groups. This analysis showed that the population best discriminable SF increased with time in V1. These results suggest neural mechanisms for coarse-to-fine discrimination behavior and that this process originates in V1 or earlier.

scholarly journals Morphologic evaluation of the use of a latex prosthesis in videolaparoscopic inguinoplasty: an experimental study in dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 84-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Henrique de Sousa ◽  
Reginaldo Ceneviva ◽  
Joaquim Coutinho Netto ◽  
Fátima Mrué ◽  
Luiz Henrique de Sousa Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inguinal Region ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Collagen Deposition ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Separate Material ◽  
Group 1

PURPOSE: To evaluate the morphological aspects of the behavior of 4 types of latex biomembranes implanted in preperitoneal videolaparoscopic inguinoplasty. METHODS: Sixteen inguinoplasties were performed in 12 dogs: group 1 received an impermeable latex biomembrane in the right inguinal region and a prolene prosthesis, as control, in the contralateral inguinal region; groups 2, 3 and 4 received latex biomembranes respectively containing impermeable polyamide, 1-mm thick porous polyamide and 0.5-mm thick porous polyamide. Macro- and microscopic evaluations of the inguinal region and of the removed implants were made on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days in group 1 and on the 28th postoperative day in the other groups. RESULTS: We observed absence of hematoma, seroma and infection; presence of tortuosities; induction of vascular neoformation, inflammatory reaction and collagen deposition, and full encystment of the latex biomembranes, except that with fine porous polyamide, which was partially incorporated, with the formation of microcysts. No latex biomembrane induced fibrosis as observed in the prolene control group. CONCLUSIONS: The biomembranes maintain induction of the healing process without fibrosis, are fully encysted and, except for the one with fine porous polyamide, are not incorporated into adjacent tissues. The latex biomembrane, with or without polyamide, is not recommended as a separate material for preperitoneal inguinoplasty.

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