Persistence and Utilization of Maternal Iron For Blood Formation During Infancy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-44
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Dietary Iron ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Blood Formation ◽  
Maternal Iron ◽  
Dietary Origin

During the course of investigations of maternal red cell volume, employing transfusions with radioactive iron, an opportunity was afforded to measure the persistence and utilization of iron transferred across the placenta to the infant. A wealth of fundamental data was obtained concerning the importance of iron obtained from the mother in hematopoiesis during infancy. As the donors' cells containing radioactive iron which were transfused during pregnancy were broken down, radioactive iron was released into the general supply of the mother and fetus. At birth the blood of each infant contained a measurable ratio of radioactive iron to packed red cells. The ratio of radioactive iron to hemoglobin and to hemoglobin iron could then be calculated. Further calculations gave information concerning the amounts of hemoglobin iron of transplacental and dietary origin. The results indicated that there was little or no utilization of dietary iron for hemoglobin formation by the infants until 3 to 4 months after birth. Incorporation of the radioactive iron obtained transplacentally into hemoglobin during the growth of the infant indicated that normal infants utilize iron obtained during fetal life throughout infancy. Data from infants followed for a long period suggest that after 3 to 4 months dietary iron continues to be added to transplacental iron for the production of hemoglobin and gradually begins to replace transplacental iron in hemoglobin formation during the third year.

Measurement of circulating red cell volume using biotin-labeled red cells: validation against 51Cr-labeled red cells

Transfusion ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Mock ◽  
Gary L. Lankford ◽  
John A. Widness ◽  
Leon F. Burmeister ◽  
Daniel Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume

Circulating and tissue hematocrits of normal unanesthetized mice

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (2) ◽  
pp. 420-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius J. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
Total Body

The circulating and tissue hematocrits of normal unanesthetized mice were determined by means of independent red cell and plasma volume measurements. The red cell volume-indicator which was used in this study was radioiron (Fe59) tagged red cells. The plasma volume data were derived by means of radioiodine (I131) labeled serum albumin and were reported earlier (Friedman, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 88: 323, 1955). The hematocrits of the various tissues were found to be: for spleen 51.3, lung 47.9, muscle 49.9, liver 38.9, intestine, 32.2, skin 29.2 and kidney 24.0%. The total body hematocrit was 35.4% as compared to 48.4 for venous blood. All tissues, with the exception of spleen and lung, contained hematocrits which were lower than that of venous blood suggesting the presence of some mechanism within the various tissues which is capable of effectively separating plasma from red cells.

Quantitative measurement of erythropoiesis in the dog

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Weissman ◽  
T. A. Waldmann ◽  
N. I. Berlin
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Red Cell Survival

The quantitative measurement of erythropoiesis requires the simultaneous determination of total red cell volume, rate of production of red cells and the red cell life span. The total red cell volume was measured with autologous Cr51-labeled red cells, the rate of production of red cells from the rate of disappearance of radioiron from the plasma and uptake by red cells, the red cell life span with C14-labeled glycine and the apparent red cell survival T1/2 with Cr51. The average total red cell volume of the dogs studied was 38.6 cc/kg; the plasma radioiron T1/2 was 66 minutes; the red cell radio-iron uptake was 80%; the serum iron was 102 µg/100 cc, and the plasma volume calculated from the peripheral hematocrit and total red cell volume was 46 cc/kg, and from the extrapolation to t0 of the radioiron disappearance was 48 cc/kg. From these figures the plasma iron turnover was calculated to be 0.63 mg/kg/day and the red cell iron renewal rate 1.26%/day. The average red cell life span was 108 days; the average apparent T1/2 of Cr51 red cell survival was 24.3 days; the average elution rate of Cr51 was 1.77%/day.

Blood Viscosity Variations During Raynaud’s Phenomenon

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Forconi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Raynaud’S Phenomenon ◽  
Raynaud's Phenomenon ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Viscosity Changes

Since several authors have found abnormal blood viscosity in patients suffering from Raynaud’s disease but did not study them at the moment when the phenomenon appeared, we want to find out whether haemorheological changes might be provoked in the patients during a cold-induced phenomenon. The study was conducted on ten selected patients suffering from Raynaud’s phenomenon only in one hand when exposed to cold. A relevant and statistically very significant increase of the viscosity was noted in the blood coming from the hand during the cold-induced ischemia. When the ischemia had disappeared, blood viscosity levels returned to those recorded before the experience. No variations were evident in either plasma and serum viscosity, or in packed red cell volume and in plasma fibrinogen concentration. In the other arm of the same patients, a much smaller increase in blood viscosity was noted. No variations were found in any of the parameters observed in six control subjects. These results seems to suggest that blood viscosity changes specifically in relation to the disease, that this change may be related to the behaviour of the red cells (increased aggregability or decreased deformability) as the consequence of the ischemia, and that this hyperviscosity may potentiate the hindrance to the flow at the microcirculatory level.

THE EFFECT OF STASIS OF BLOOD IN VARICOSE VEINS ON ERYTHROCYTE FRAGILITY, WITH ACCOMPANYING STUDIES COMPARING RED CELLS AND OTHER BLOOD ELEMENTS WITH CUBITAL VEIN BLOOD

Blood ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1033-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
STACY R. METTIER ◽  
JOHN C. WEAVER ◽  
ALICE F. MCBRIDE
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Varicose Vein ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Serum Proteins ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Blood Elements

Abstract 1. Blood from varicose veins was compared with cubital vein blood in 20 patients in order to determine whether or not the degree of stasis present in varicose veins would increase red cell fragility. Corollary studies consisted of comparative determinations of red cells, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, white blood cells, platelets and serum proteins. 2. There was no increase in red cell fragility in the varicose vein specimen, indicating that the theory that minor degrees of intravascular erythrostasis contribute substantially to some of the hemolytic anemias is untenable. 3. There was a small but statistically significant elevation in red cells per cu. mm. in varicose vein blood as compared with blood from cubital veins. There was a suggestive, but not significant, increase in packed cell volume and serum protein in the varicose vein samples. The evidence indicates a mild degree of hemoconcentration. 4. White cells, platelets and hemoglobin determinations were found to have the same values in varicose vein blood as in blood from the cubital vein.

Alterations in tissue blood volume induced by tourniquet application

1960 ◽  
Vol 198 (4) ◽  
pp. 886-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Resistance Vessels ◽  
Venous Resistance

The application of occluding tourniquets to both hind legs of unanesthetized mice produced widespread changes in the distribution of plasma and red cells throughout the peripheral circulation. Following tourniquet application the plasma volume within all tissues declined except for lung which remained unaltered and muscle which exhibited an increase. The red cell volume changed variably, declining in liver and spleen, rising in kidney and muscle and remaining unchanged in the other tissues analyzed. These changes were suggestive of a somewhat generalized increase in peripherovascular constrictor activity which included venous resistance vessels in addition to arterioles.

Mixing of Labeled Erythrocytes in the Dog's Spleen

1958 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 628-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kraintz ◽  
J. de Boer ◽  
E. L. Smith ◽  
R. A. Huggins
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Spleen Size ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Minute Period

Dogs anesthetized with morphine-pentobarbital were injected with Cr51-tagged red cells, and their mixing time in the general circulation and the spleen was compared. The necessary blood samples were taken and the spleens rapidly excised at 10, 20 or 30 minutes after the injection of the tagged red cells. When the data were grouped according to the size of the spleen and irrespective of the time of removal, the mixing of tagged red cells in small spleens was practically the same as in the general circulation. With increasing sizes of spleens the mixing appeared to be progressively less complete than in the general circulation. If the spleen size was disregarded and the data grouped according to the time after the injections of tagged red cells mixing in the spleen was still incomplete after 30 minutes. However, the maximum mean possible error that could be introduced into the determination of total red cell volume if all the unmixed red cells were ejected into the general circulation would be less than 5% at the 20-minute period.

scholarly journals Adrenergic Swelling of Nucleated Erythrocytes: Cellular Mechanisms in a Bird, Domestic Goose, and two Teleosts, Striped Bass and Rainbow Trout

1984 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIKKO NIKINMAA ◽  
WRAY H. HUESTIS
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Intracellular Ph ◽  
Striped Bass ◽  
Incubation Medium ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Loosely Coupled

The mechanism of adrenergic swelling and associated pH changes was investigated in avian (goose) and teleost (striped bass and rainbow trout) erythrocytes. The swelling of goose red cells was probably caused by Na+/K+/Cl− co-transport and consecutive osmotic flow of water into the cell. Goose red cells swelled when exposed to isoproterenol in the presence of elevated extracellular K+, but not at physiological K+ concentrations. The swelling was quantitatively inhibited by furosemide, and by removing Cl− from the incubation medium, but was not affected by DIDS. The isoproterenol-induced swelling of fish erythrocytes may be due to loosely coupled Na+/H+ and Cl−/HCO3− exchanges. Furosemide did not completely inhibit the swelling of striped bass red cells. The cell volume increased even if K+ was completely removed from the incubation medium. In contrast, both DIDS and amiloride treatment, and the removal of Na+ from the incubation medium, inhibited the volume changes. In fish red cells the swelling is associated with a clear acidification of the medium and alkalinization of the red cell contents. This phenomenon was most pronounced when the cells were treated simultaneously with DIDS and isoproterenol; the intracellular pH became higher than the extracellular one. Both amiloride and removal of Na+ from the incubation medium prevented the reversal of the transmembrane pH gradient in cells treated simultaneously with DIDS and isoproterenol.

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