A Prospective, Randomized Study of Testosterone Treatment of Constitutional Delay of Growth and Development in Male Adolescents

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-687
Author(s):  
Ron G. Rosenfeld ◽  
Gregory B. Northcraft ◽  
Raymond L. Hintz
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Testosterone Enanthate ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Androgen Treatment ◽  
Constitutional Delay ◽  
One Year

The physiologic and psychological responses to androgen treatment of constitutional delay of growth and development were prospectively evaluated in 16 male adolescents, aged 14 to 17 years. Subjects were randomly assigned to a course of testosterone enanthate, 200 mg administered intramuscularly four times at three-week intervals or to observation. At one-year follow-up all subjects in the testosterone group exhibited excellent growth: 7.2 to 11.6 cm/yr (mean 9.2 cm/yr). Growth in control subjects was highly variable: 2.6 to 10.6 cm/yr (mean 6.0 cm/yr), significantly lower than that of the testosterone group (P < .02). The mean annual increment in bone age was 1.1 years for both groups. The Δ height age/Δ bone age ratio was slightly higher in the testosterone group (1.3 vs 1.1), and the treated subjects had a 1.7-cm increase in predicted adult height. Both groups showed improved self-image, and treated subjects also exhibited dramatic increases in both school-related and extraschool social activity. A brief course of testosterone enanthate appears to be an effective, safe means of promoting growth in select male adolescents.

Testosterone treatment of constitutional delay in growth and development: effect of dose on predicted versus definitive height

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (4_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S147-S152 ◽  
Author(s):  
MALCOLM M. MARTIN ◽  
ARLINE L. A. MARTIN ◽  
KENNETH L. MOSSMAN
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Adult Height ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testosterone Enanthate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Constitutional Delay ◽  
Age Ratio ◽  
Height Prediction

Abstract. The outcome of treatment in 3 groups of boys with constitutional delay in growth and development given monthly intramuscular injections of testosterone enanthate 200 mg (22 subjects) 100 mg (10 subjects) and 50 mg (12 subjects) was compared with the outcome in a control group (14 subjects) without treatment. The 4 groups were similar in chronological age, height, height age, bone age, height age/bone age ratio, pubertal development and had similar predicted adult heights. All treated subjects achieved an excellent growth response with growth velocities reflecting androgen dose. Bone age advanced commensurate with height age in all the treated groups and Δ height age/Δ bone age ratios at the end of therapy did not differ significantly. Nor was there a significant difference in the height prediction by the RWT method before and at the end of treatment. However, the year following treatment, growth velocities reversed so that those who received the largest steroid dose and had grown the fastest, decelerated the most and eventually ended up significantly shorter than their predicted adult height. In contrast the control group and those treated with smaller doses of testosterone achieved their predicted heights. The present study confirms that large doses of androgens compromise adult height and are contraindicated in the treatment of constitutional delay in growth and development. Testosterone enanthate 50 mg/mo did not affect predicted adult height adversely, but to the contrary, permitted it to be fully realised. The data caution against drawing conclusions based on changes observed during androgen therapy in the absence of extended follow-up.

DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A PROGRAM OF PERSONALIZED APPROACH TO THE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CONSTITUTIONAL DELAY OF GROWTH AND PUBERTY

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
N.Yu. Filina ◽  
◽  
K.A. Cherednikova ◽  
N.V. Bolotova ◽  
A.P. Averyanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Constitutional Delay ◽  
Personalized Approach ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Objective of the study: development and implementation of a program of personalized approach to the tactics of managing patients with constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP). Materials and methods of research: a prospective, single-center, randomized study. The article presents the results of a comprehensive examination of 100 adolescent boys, of which the main group (n=70) – boys with CDGP at the age of 14–14.5 years and the comparison group (n=30) – healthy boys of 14–15 years. Clinical (SDS growth, SDS body mass index, orchiometry), laboratory (insulin-like growth factor 1, testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, inhibin B, anti-Müllerian hormone, kisspeptin, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroxin, prolactin), instrumental indicators (bone age, bioimpedansometry), indicators of psychological status (assessment of the quality of life, anxiety level, aggression level, depression level). Statistical processing: Statistica (Version 7 – Index, Stat. Soft Inc., USA) and Microsoft Exel, 2010. The following criteria were used: Mann–Whitney tests, Fisher's exact test, correlation analysis – Spearman® coefficient. In order to develop the algorithm, factor analysis is applied. Results: it was shown that patients with CDGP had a marked lag behind healthy peers in terms of clinical, metabolic and neuroendocrine indicators of physical and sexual development. With the help of factor analysis of the data obtained, a program of a personalized approach to the tactics of managing patients with CDGP has been developed. Various clinical applications of the program are presented. The sensitivity of the proposed method was 74.63%, 95% CI [62.51; 84.47%]; specificity of the method – 93%, 95% CI [77.93; 99.18%]; the accuracy of the diagnostic method – 80.4%, 95% CI [71.11; 87.78%].

Constitutional Delay of Growth: Expected versus Final Adult Height

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen LaFranchi ◽  
Cheryl E. Hanna ◽  
Scott H. Mandel
Keyword(s):  
Adult Height ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Final Adult Height ◽  
Constitutional Delay ◽  
Height Predictions

Constitutional delay of growth and puberty is believed to represent a variation of normal growth, and it is expected that children with this condition will grow for a longer duration than average and reach a height that is normal for their genetic potential. The records of children with constitutional delay of growth and puberty who were initially seen in the Pediatric Endocrine Clinic at the Oregon Health Sciences University between 1975 and 1983 were retrospectively reviewed. Criteria for study included a height more than 2 SD below the mean, a significantly delayed bone age, and a normal growth velocity on follow-up. Forty-two subjects were located and final adult height measurements were obtained. At contact, the 29 male subjects (mean age = 23.9 years) were 169.5 ± 4.5 cm tall (mean ± SD), and the 13 female subjects (mean age = 20.5 years) were 156 ± 3.8 cm tall. Adult height predictions during follow-up, using either the Bayley-Pinneau or Roche-Wainer-Thissen method, were close to final adult heights. The males were 1.2 SD and the females 1.3 SD below the 50th percentile as adults. This finding was not fully explained by genetic short stature; the males fell 5.1 cm and the females 5.3 cm below target heights based on midparental heights. It is concluded that this discrepancy is most likely explained by a selection bias of the shortest children referred to and observed in a subspecialty clinic, although a defect in human growth hormone secretion or function in children at the far end of the spectrum of constitutional delay of growth and puberty cannot be excluded.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Eucalyptus Clones in Eastern Gangetic Plains of Uttar Pradesh, India

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Anubha Srivastav ◽  
Anita Tomar ◽  
S. D. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Planting Stock ◽  
One Year ◽  
Agro Forestry

Eucalyptus is among the most widely cultivated forest trees in the world over 22 million hectares (ha). It provides major raw material for the pulp, plywood and paper industries in India, so it is imperative that planting stock of high genetic quality be used to increase the yield from plantations. In India, Eucalypts are in improving stage for adoption at larger level and choice of suitable clones is still a big challenge in eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. To assess the suitable clones of Eucalyptus for this region, an experimental trial was established under statistical design of Randomised Block Design for 13 clones (IFGTB 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, FRI-100,104,124) of 02 eucalyptus species (E. tereticornis and E. camaldulensis). The soil analysis indicated pH 9.3, EC 0.89 mm/cm, organic carbon 0.21%, Nitrogen 47.3 kg/ha, Phosphorus 11.3 kg/ha and Potassium 184.8 kg/ha. The highest value of annual increment in gbh belonged to clones IFGTB 6 (5.18 cm) followed by IFGTB 8 (5.12 cm), IFGTB 2 (4.74 cm), IFGTB 5(4.36 cm) and IFGTB 10 (4.02cm) amongst IFGTB series whereas in FRI clones, clone FRI 100 performed superior with 3.03 cm increment in girth after one year of planting. The lowest values belonged to clone IFGTB 9 and DDN 124 with 2.44 cm and 2.49, respectively. The clones with good annual increment in height were IFGTB 2 (3.85 m) followed by IFGTB 6 (3.80 m), IFGTB 10 (3.77 m) ,IFGTB 8 (3.55 m) and IFGTB 5 (3.30 m) in IFGTB series whereas in FRI series, FRI 100 (2.70 m) performed superior over other two clones. The survival of plants was in range of 66-100%. The clones of species E. camaldulensis in IFGTB series performed better over other clones/species. The evaluation of Eucalypt clones will be helpful for identification of promising clones for the specific region, thus, planting stock of desired clones may be raised for their further cultivation in field. The expansion of plantations of Eucalyptus in agro forestry will be helpful in reducing pressure of forests, increasing trees outside forests and upgrading the economic level of farmers.

INFLUENCE OF REMOTE CHERRY HYBRIDS ON ITS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT IN THE GARDEN

1970 ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
А. S. Lyakhova
Keyword(s):  
General Condition ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Experimental Garden ◽  
Russian Research

In the experimental garden of All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crops Breeding (VNIISPK) for 2017-2020 were studied scion-rootstock cherry combinations of the institute selection. Years of tree planting are 2013-2014, scheme is 5x2 m, density - 1000 trees / ha. The objective of the research is to assess the influence of distant cherry hybrids on its growth and development in the garden. The influence of rootstock forms Novella and Turgenevka plants varieties is presented. The general condition of cherry plants was good and varied from 4.2 to 5.0 points, the degree of flowering was at the level of the control variant. During the years of study, the indicator of the fruiting degree in the Novella variety was higher. The Novella variety trees on forms 74324, 74363, Ts-8-101 are medium-grown. Restrained growth of Turgenevka variety plants was observed in combinations with rootstock forms 74324 and 74340; medium-grown plants – 74322, 74332, 74336, 74363, Ts-8-1014; tall – growing – 82987. Plants of the Turgenevka variety in combinations 74324 and 74336 showed incompatibility, breaking off at the place of grafting concretion. The greatest value of the length of the one-year shoot was noted in Novella variety on the rootstock 74340, and the smaller one was in Ts-8-101. In cultivar Turgenevka a longer one-year shoot length was noted on forms 74332 and 74363, the smallest - 74336. The best rootstock forms among those studied in terms of growth and development for cultivar Novella are 74322, 74332.74340, 82987, Turgenevka – 74322, 82987.

Testosterone Need Questioned

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 666-667
Author(s):  
RON G. ROSENFELD ◽  
RAYMOND L. HINTZ
Keyword(s):  
Linear Growth ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
General Linear ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Constitutional Delay ◽  
Study Population

In Reply.— We thank Dannenhoffer and Crawford for their thoughtful comments on our recent study of testosterone treatment of constitutional delay. We agree that the size of the study population was relatively small, and that subject randomization resulted in a significant difference in mean height at the time of entry into the study. Nevertheless, we believe the data still support the conclusion that short-term testosterone treatment can result in significant growth acceleration in this population. In general, linear growth in children correlates better with bone age than with chronologic age, and the skeletal ages of the two groups in this study were not significantly different.

Improved quality of life over one year is associated with improved adherence in patients with schizophrenia

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.P. Hayhurst ◽  
R.J. Drake ◽  
J.A. Massie ◽  
G. Dunn ◽  
T.R.E. Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
One Year

AbstractAim:Quality of life (QoL) is increasingly considered an important outcome in health research. We wished to explore the determinants of change in QoL in patients with schizophrenia over the course of a one-year RCT.Methods:Predictors of change in observer-rated QoL (Quality of Life Scale: QLS) were assessed in 363 patients with schizophrenia during the CUtLASS clinical trial.Results:Change in QLS score over the course of a year correlated with change in psychotic and depressive symptoms and treatment adherence. Linear regression showed that improvement in QoL was predicted by reduction in negative and depressive symptoms and improvement in adherence rating. These three change scores together explained 38% of the variance in QLS change. Exploration of the direction of any possible causal effect, using TETRAD, indicated that improved adherence leads to improved QoL, and that change in depression also leads to QoL change. The relationship between QoL and negative symptoms suggests that greater social activity (reflected as better QoL scores) improves negative symptoms. Such a direct relationship between treatment adherence and QoL has not been reported before.Conclusion:Improving adherence to medication would appear to be a key approach to improving measured quality of life in people with schizophrenia.

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