Growth and Development of Infants Weighing Less Than 800 Grams at Birth

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forrest C. Bennett ◽  
Nancy M. Robinson ◽  
Clifford J. Sells
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
A Prospective Study

A prospective study of infants weighing <800 g at birth and cared for in a single neonatal intensive care unit between 1977 and 1980 was conducted. Neonatal mortality was 80%; neurodevelopmental outcome was assessed in 16 of the 18 survivors. Mean birth weight for these 16 was 730 g; mean gestational age was 26 weeks. Perinatal asphyxia, respiratory distress, apnea, mechanical ventilation, and chronic pulmonary disease were commonplace. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, seizures, sepsis, or meningitis did not occur in survivors. Of the 16 infants, 13 (81%), including all three with birth weight <700 g, were without major CNS handicaps and were developing appropriately at 6 months to 3 years of age. Only one of the 16 had clearly subnormal mental development. None had a major visual or hearing impairment. Apgar scores at one and five minutes were significantly related to outcome; apnea, mechanical ventilation, and chronic pulmonary disease were not. These data suggest that a remarkably hopeful outcome is possible for the few survivors of extremely low birth weight.

Reticulocyte Count: The Forgotten Factor in Transfusion Decisions for Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Nakhla ◽  
Alla Kushnir ◽  
Rafat Ahmed ◽  
Vineet Bhandari ◽  
Krystal Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Reticulocyte Count ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Packed Red Blood Cells

Objective Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants often receive transfusions of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). Long-term outcomes of infants treated with liberal versus restricted transfusion criteria have been evaluated with conflicting results. Clinicians incorporate a reticulocyte count (RC) in their transfusion decisions. There is a lack of information on reference ranges for RCs in growing ELBW infants and whether infant's chronologic age or corrected gestational age (GA) generates a specific trend in the RCs. Our aim was to evaluate the levels of RCs obtained from ELBW infants over the course of the initial hospitalization. Study Design A retrospective chart review of ELBW infants treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and had RCs performed. We analyzed the RCs to observe trends based on the chronologic age and corrected GA. Results A total of 738 RCs were analyzed. A positive trend in RCs that reached a peak at 32 to 34 weeks' corrected GA and then experienced a downward trend was observed. Conclusion Our report examines a very common hematologic test that is theoretically helpful but is in need of guidelines concerning the appropriate frequency of testing and its utility in making transfusion decisions in ELBW infants. Key Points

scholarly journals Clinical profile of newborns undergoing physical therapy in a neonatal intensive care unit

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziela Ferreira Biazus ◽  
Cidia Cristina Kupke
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Birth Weight Group ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

Abstract Introduction: In neonatal therapy units, physical therapy is directed toward integral baby care. Objective: To describe the profile of newborns (NBs) hospitalized in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Methods: Retrospective documentary study with data collection from medical records from July 2011 to July 2013. The sample consisted of NBs who performed motor and respiratory therapy. Data were grouped into five categories according to birth weight (≤ 1000g, 1001-1500g, 1501-2000g, 2001-2500g, ≥ 2501g). Results: total of 1,884 newborns were admitted to the NICU within the stipulated period, 168 (13.9%) underwent physical therapy. Of the 168 NBs who underwent physical therapy, 137 were born in the hospital (81.5%) and 31 were transferred there (18.5%); 17 of these babies died during the neonatal hospital stay (10.1%). All newborns of the extremely low birth weight group (≤ 1000g) required mechanical ventilation, 72.7% non-invasive ventilation and 16.6% high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. The occurrence of pneumothorax in the extremely low birth weight group was 13.8% and 16% in the group with birth weight 1001-1500g. Conclusion: Infants with low birth weight (<2500g) constituted the profile of NBs who underwent physical therapy, which was directly related to higher incidence of death and pneumothorax, as well as increased use of mechanical and non-invasive ventilation.

Periventricular Echodensities Detected by Cranial Ultrasonography: Usefulness in Predicting Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Low-Birth-Weight, Preterm Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-404
Author(s):  
Forrest C. Bennett ◽  
Gail Silver ◽  
Edna J. Leung ◽  
Laurence A. Mack
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Serial Scanning ◽  
Conventional Manner ◽  
Cranial Ultrasonography

Forty-eight low-birth-weight, preterm graduates of the University of Washington's neonatal intensive care unit who had received periodic, serial scanning by means of cranial ultrasonography during the first 4 to 6 weeks of life were longitudinally observed in an interdisciplinary neurodevelopmental follow-up program to a mean corrected age of 18 months. Mean birth weight for the sample was 1286 g; mean gestational age was 29 weeks. Periventricular echodensities were graded from 0 to 3, with 0 indicating no densities and 3 indicating cystic formation. Intracranial hemorrhage was graded in the conventional manner from 0 to IV. Neurodevelopmental outcome was assessed by means of a neurologic examination and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. To synthesize the results, neurodevelopmental outcome for each subject was classified as normal, demonstrating minor abnormalities, or demonstrating major abnormalities. Multiple statistical analyses with various subgroupings of subjects consistently indicated severe intracranial hemorrhage (grades III and/or IV) to be a better predictor of overall neurodevelopmental outcome than grade of periventricular echodensity, including small cysts. These results suggest a wide range of outcomes after detection of periventricular echodensities and caution against communicating overly pessimistic prognoses in many cases.

scholarly journals Twin Gestation and Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. e220-e227 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wadhawan ◽  
W. Oh ◽  
R. L. Perritt ◽  
S. A. McDonald ◽  
A. Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Outcome ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants

scholarly journals Choice of Antibiotics in Late Neonatal Sepsis in the Extremely Low Birth Weight Infant

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara R Allen ◽  
Orlando P da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Extremely Low Birth Weight ◽  
Suspected Sepsis

OBJECTIVE: To review the choice of antibiotics in treating suspected late neonatal sepsis in infants weighing 1000 g or less in a neonatal intensive care unit.METHODS: Retrospective review of medical records.RESULTS: Ninety-six infants weighing 1000 g or less were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit during the study period. Sixty-two infants survived beyond four days of life and had at least one sepsis workup done to exclude late neonatal infection. Of the 62 study patients, 42 (68%) were started on ampicillin and netilmicin (A/N) and 20 (32%) were started on vancomycin and ceftizoxime (V/C) as the antibiotics of choice, pending culture results. Of the patients started on A/N, 17 of 42 had a positive blood culture compared with 11 of 20 on V/C (40% versus 55%, P=0.40). The mean (±SD) birth weight of infants started on A/N was 793±133 g compared with a mean of 728±153 g in the group that received V/C (P=0.09). Seven patients died in the A/N group compared with three in the V/C group (16.7% versus 15%, P=0.84). In addition to the sepsis episode studied, before they were discharged from hospital, 21 of 42 (50%) infants in the A/N group had further workups for suspected sepsis, compared with 16 of 20 (80%) (P=0.048) infants initially given V/C.CONCLUSIONS: Ampicillin and netilmicin is a safe antibiotic combination for neonates suspected of late sepsis. This, in turn, may be important in reducing vancomycin overuse and the potential for bacterial resistance to this antimicrobial agent.

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