What Is the Best Test for Iron Deficiency?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 909-910
Author(s):  
MARK S. DINE
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Children At Risk ◽  
Primary Physician

To the Editor.— We are indebted to Oski et al1 and to the 38 children who received injections of iron dextran for demonstrating the importance of determining not only which children had iron deficiency anemia but also those with iron deficiency without anemia. However, the primary physician needs a screening test that is efficient and not costly. Unfortunately, the history and physical examination are not effective screens for the identification of children at risk—with the exception of those children drinking in excess of one quart of milk a day.2

PITFALLS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA IN PEDIATRICS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
David H. Clement
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Ferrous Iron ◽  
Reticulocyte Count ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Stores ◽  
Mother Loss ◽  
Oral Preparation

Errors in the diagnosis and treatment of iron-deficiency anemia involve several areas. In the history one may overlook anemia in the mother, loss of infant blood from the placental circuit or later as melena, as well as a diet high in milk and low in iron-rich foods. In the physical examination pallor should not be estimated from facial color alone. In the laboratory a reticulocyte count should be determined before as well as during treatment. Regarding treatment it is important to give enough iron (6 mg/kg/day) for long enough to replenish iron stores. An effective, oral preparation of ferrous iron alone in gradually increasing doses is preferred. Failure to respond suggests several possibilities discussed above.

scholarly journals Management of postpartum iron deficiency anemia: review of literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Mohamed Saber ◽  
Mohamed Khalaf ◽  
Ahmed M. Abbas ◽  
Sayed A. Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Sucrose ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Ferric Carboxymaltose ◽  
Allogenic Blood Transfusion ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Iv Iron

Anemia is a condition in which either the number of circulating red blood cells or their hemoglobin concentration is decreased. As a result, there is decreased transport of oxygen from the lungs to peripheral tissues. The standard approach to treatment of postpartum iron deficiency anemia is oral iron supplementation, with blood transfusion reserved for more server or symptomatic cases. There are a number of hazards of allogenic blood transfusion including transfusion of the wrong blood, infection, anaphylaxis and lung injury, any of which will be devastating for a young mother. These hazards, together with the national shortage of blood products, mean that transfusion should be viewed as a last resort in otherwise young and healthy women. Currently, there are many iron preparations available containing different types of iron salts, including ferrous sulfate, ferrous fumarate, ferrous ascorbate but common adverse drug reactions found with these preparations are mainly gastrointestinal intolerance like nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, while ferrous bis-glycinate (fully reacted chelated amino acid form of iron) rarely make complication. Two types of intravenous (IV) preparations available are IV iron sucrose and IV ferric carboxymaltose. IV iron sucrose is safe, effective and economical. Reported incidence of adverse reactions with IV iron sucrose is less as compared to older iron preparations (Iron dextran, iron sorbitol), but it requires multiple doses and prolonged infusion time. Intramuscular iron sucrose complex is particularly contraindicated because of poor absorption. It was also stated that when iron dextran is given intravenously up to 30% of patients suffer from adverse effects which include arthritis, fever, urticaria and anaphylaxis.

scholarly journals Effects of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Its Rapid Correction on the Serum Metabolomic Profile of Rhesus Infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1070-1070
Author(s):  
Brian Sandri ◽  
Gabriele Lubach ◽  
Eric Lock ◽  
Michael Georgieff ◽  
Pamela Kling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Metabolomic Profile ◽  
Intramuscular Injections ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Rapid Correction

Abstract Objectives To determine whether rapid correction of iron deficiency using intramuscular iron dextran normalizes serum metabolomic changes in a nonhuman primate model of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Methods Blood was collected from naturally iron-sufficient (IS; n = 10) and IDA (n = 12) male and female infant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) at 6 months of age. IDA infants were treated with intramuscular injections of iron dextran, 10 mg/weekly for 4–8 weeks. Iron status was reevaluated following treatment using hematological measurements and sera were metabolically profiled using HPLC/MS with isobaric standards for identification and quantification. Results Early-life iron deficiency anemia negatively affects many cellular metabolic processes, including energy production, electron transport, and oxidative degradation of toxins. Slow iron repletion with dietary supplementation restores iron deficient monkeys from a hematological perspective, but the serum metabolomic profile remains differed from monkeys that had been iron sufficient their entire life. Whether rapid iron restoration through intramuscular injections of iron dextran normalizes serum metabolomic profile is not known. A total of 654 metabolites were measured with differences in 53 metabolites identified between IS and IDA monkeys at 6 months (P 0.05). Pathway analyses provided evidence of altered liver function, hypometabolic state, differential essential fatty acid production, irregular inosine and guanosine metabolism, and atypical bile acid production in IDA infants. After treatment, iron-related hematological parameters had recovered, but the formerly IDA infants remained metabolically distinct from the IS infants, with 225 metabolites differentially expressed between the groups. Conclusions As with slow iron repletion, rapid iron repletion does not normalize the altered serum metabolomic profile in rhesus infants with IDA, suggesting the need for iron supplementation in the pre-anemic stage. Funding Sources National Institutes of Health.

Optimizing Clinical Status and Quality of Life With Iron Dextran in Gynecologic Patients With Iron Deficiency Anemia [8L]

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 130S-131S
Author(s):  
Ghadear Shukr ◽  
Haleema Saeed ◽  
Marian Girgis ◽  
Aparna Basu ◽  
Phillip Kuriakose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Gynecologic Patients

IRON DEFICIENCY IN THE PREMATURE INFANT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-374
Author(s):  
John A. James ◽  
Mollie Combes
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
First Year ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Clinical Applicability ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Prematurely Born Infants ◽  
Common Infections

Iron-dextran was given intramuscularly to 84 small prematurely born babies during their stay in the nursery; 97 similar babies were not so treated and served as controls. By 8 to 10 weeks of age, values for hemoglobin in the babies who received iron-dextran were significantly higher than in the controls and remained high throughout the first year. Virtually all of the control babies became anemic and hemoglobin levels below 5 gm/100 ml were observed in four infants. There was no difference in the rate of growth or in the incidence of common infections in the two groups. It is concluded that intramuscular injections of iron given prophylactically in the nursery will effectively prevent iron-deficiency anemia in premature infants and that this practice has definite clinical applicability. (See Addendum.) Prevention of iron deficiency anemia does not reduce the high incidence of common infections experienced by prematurely born infants.

scholarly journals The Treatment of Iron-Deficiency Anemia with Intravenous Iron Dextran

Blood ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIDNEY MARCHASIN ◽  
RALPH O. WALLERSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Dextran ◽  
Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Small Muscle

Abstract Iron-dextran, in doses up to 3000 mg., was administered intravenously by single injection to 37 patients with iron deficiency and to 8 additional patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding. No serious untoward effects were observed. One patient developed chills and mild abdominal cramps 8 hours after injection. Most of the iron could be accounted for in the circulating blood immediately after the injection. Iron was cleared from the plasma slowly for 3 weeks after the administration. Iron-dextran appears to be a safe and well-tolerated intravenous preparation. It is especially useful in the treatment of iron-deficiency in immobilized patients and individuals with small muscle mass.

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