Marital Adjustment to Chronic Childhood Illness: A Critique of the Literature

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 762-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara F. Sabbeth ◽  
John M. Leventhal
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Marital Adjustment ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Childhood Illness ◽  
Marital Distress ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
Chronically Ill Children ◽  
Chronic Childhood

Thirty-four studies of marital adjustment were selected from the literature on family adjustment to chronic childhood illness. Studies were reviewed to determine whether divorce rates were elevated or marital adjustment was poorer compared with that of families of healthy children. Of 23 studies reporting divorce rates, only six used a group of families without a chronically ill child for comparison. These studies showed no significant differences in the divorce rates between groups. Of 23 studies of marital adjustment, 83% investigated marital distress. Four of seven studies with comparison groups showed that marital distress was increased in parents of chronically ill children. Other areas of marital adjustment, such as communication, decision-making, and role flexibility, have received almost no attention by researchers. It is questioned whether divorce or distress is an adequate indicator of marital adjustment in general. Further studies are needed to understand the relationships between divorce, distress, and other important areas of marital adjustment to chronic childhood illness.

scholarly journals Awareness on Concentration of Saccharides in Drugs among College Students - A Questionnaire Based Survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Snehaa Baskaran ◽  
V. Vishnu Priya ◽  
R. Gayathri
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Oral Medications ◽  
Chewable Tablets ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Chronically Ill Children

Sugar is used in medicine for coating, adding volume or texture, and flavouring the medicine. It can also act as a preservative and antioxidant. Sucrose is often used in medications to impart a more pleasant taste to often unpalatable chemicals. Sucrose can be found in many medicinal forms such as chewable tablets, syrups and lozenges. The aim of the study is to create awareness on concentration of sugar in medicines among college students. A survey was administered  through survey planet link with sample size 100. The questionnaire consisted of 14 questions based on awareness on concentration of sugar. In the present study majority of the  participants felt addition of sweeteners in syrups and tablets should be decreased. Adults and children who are administered to long term medicines are prone to caries and other health problems. Chronically ill children are exposed to a greater sugar load from oral medications than healthy children leading to a greater risk of developing caries as a side effect of the treatment. Awareness may be created on the concentration of sugar in medicines and its deleterious effect on health.

scholarly journals Optimistic Outlook and Its Relation with Physical and Psychological Symptom Reporting

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Ira Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Symptom ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Symptom ◽  
Symptom Reporting ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Chronically Ill Children

This empirical paper presents a correlation between optimism and physical and mental health. Optimism is a positive variable and is found very much beneficial for maintaining health in several studies .Actually optimism is the belief that good things will happen and this belief can help a lot for physical wellbeing, psychological well-being, coping and stress management. Present study was undertaken on mothers and their children. Sample was comprised of 300 people. There were75 chronically ill children and their mothers (75) and 75 normal healthy children and their mothers (75). All children were aged between 8-12 years. Chronically ill children were those, who were suffering from any chronic disease. Mother’s optimism was measured through LOT and physical and mental health was assessed by PGIHQN1 (physical symptom reporting and psychological symptom reporting). Results revealed that optimism is very significantly correlated with physical and psychological symptom reporting. In all the three groups (combined, ill, and healthy) mothers who were optimistic reported fewer physical and psychological symptoms of illness. Thus it can be said that mothers felt physically and psychologically healthier with their optimistic outlook

Measuring Marital Distress in Couples with Chronically Ill Children: The Dyadic Adjustment Scale

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Gordon Walker ◽  
Ian G. Manion ◽  
Paula F. Cloutier ◽  
Susan M. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Dyadic Adjustment ◽  
Marital Distress ◽  
Dyadic Adjustment Scale ◽  
Chronically Ill Children

Influenza Vaccine

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1148-1148
Author(s):  
Gerard Marder
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Chronically Ill Children

I would like to take exception to recommendations of the Committee on Control of Infectious Diseases in regard to influenza vaccine usage, published in the Academy's Newsletter, October 15, 1967. Basically, the Committee recommended limiting usage to chronically ill children. I have followed this recommendation in our practice over the years; but, after experiencing several flu epidemics, I feel that the recommendation should be revised. Admittedly, most previously healthy children handle the infection well and the illness usually is no more (or less) than other respiratory ills of winter, and they are well in a few days.

scholarly journals Changes in Life-Style After Liver Transplantation

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Basil J. Zitelli ◽  
Joanne W. Miller ◽  
J. Carlton Gartner ◽  
J. Jeffrey Malatack ◽  
Andrew H. Urbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Liver Transplants ◽  
Hepatic Transplantation ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Divorce Rates ◽  
Chronically Ill Children

Sixty-five pediatric patients who received liver transplants between May 1981 and May 1984 were observed for as many as 5 years and examined for changes in life-style. Children were less frequently hospitalized, spent less time hospitalized, required fewer medications, and generally had excellent liver and renal function after hepatic transplantation as compared with their pretransplantation status. Most children were in age-appropriate and standard school classes or were only 1 year behind. Cognitive abilities remained unchanged. Children improved in gross motor function and patients' behavior significantly improved according to parents' perceptions. Enuresis was more prevalent, however, than in the population of children who had not received liver transplants. Parental divorce rates were no greater than those reported for other families with chronically ill children. Overall, objective changes in life-style as well as parents' perceptions of behavior of children appear to be improved after liver transplantation.

scholarly journals Social Support of Chronically-ill Children and Healthy Children

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miho Nakamura ◽  
Yuriko Kanematsu ◽  
Midori Yokota ◽  
Junko Takeda ◽  
Nobue Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Chronically Ill Children

scholarly journals Chronically ill children’s participation and health outcomes in shared decision-making: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. Wijngaarde ◽  
I. Hein ◽  
J. Daams ◽  
J. B. Van Goudoever ◽  
D. T. Ubbink
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Decisional Conflict ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Children’S Participation ◽  
Chronically Ill Children ◽  
Children's Participation

AbstractBased on the United Nations Conventions on the Rights of the Child (CRC), it is a child’s right to participate in all matters concerning its wellbeing. Little is known about chronically and/or critically ill children’s participation in pediatric shared decision-making (SDM). We explored medical literature to see if and how these children participate in pediatric SDM. We searched relevant medical databases published between January 2008 and January 2020 for studies targeting children aged 4–18 years old, suffering from a chronic and/or critical disease. We found 9 relevant studies. SDM interventions mostly used were decision aids (n=8), questionnaires for caretakers/parents and children (n=4), and a SDM toolkit (n=2). Perceived involvement in SDM and knowledge increased amongst children, adolescents, and caretakers following these interventions. Decisional conflict measured using the 0–100 point DCS scale (higher scores indicate more decisional conflict) was reduced by 15.9 points in one study (p<0.01) and 17.8 points in another (95%CI: 13.3–22.9). Lower scores were associated with higher satisfaction with the decision aid by children, caretakers, and clinicians.Conclusion: Stakeholders should advocate initiatives to facilitate a child’s participation preferences regarding pediatric SDM since decision support tools help chronically ill children to be more involved in SDM as they increase the children’s knowledge and satisfaction and reduce decisional conflicts. What is Known:• Decision aids can help improve participation, knowledge, satisfaction, and health outcomes.• Quality and consistency of the information exchange impact quality and outcome of SDM. What is New:• Depending on a child’s age, evolving capacities, and communication and participation preferences, more evidence is needed on which tools are suitable for chronically ill children to ensure their preferred participation in pediatric SDM.• Pediatricians adopt healthcare SDM tools and techniques that do not always take into account that a child’s right to participate in pediatric SDM including the tendency to use interventions that are not specifically designed for pediatrics.

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