Biliary Atresia and Liver Transplantation: The National Institutes of Health Point of View

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-160
Author(s):  
JOHN R. LILLY
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Pediatric Department ◽  
Extrahepatic Biliary Atresia ◽  
Hospital Director

In August 1983, a bulletin, Liver Transplantation,1 printed and distributed under the aegis of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), was mailed to physicians throughout the United States. The bulletin was the product of a concensus panel convened to consider offered evidence (expert presentation of the available data) about liver transplantation. The panel was composed of a singular assortment of individuals including physicians in private practice, medical and pediatric department chairmen, a dean, a hospital director, and a person with a PhD in mathematics and statistics. Whatever the validity of their transplantation conclusions, the panel's recommendations about extrahepatic biliary atresia appear arbitrary and suspect, if not downright erroneous.

The National Institutes of Health Point of View

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 802-802
Author(s):  
JUDSON G. RANDOLPH
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
The Many

To the Editor.— I write to applaud John R. Lilly's commentary in the July 1985 issue ("Biliary Atresia and Liver Transplantation: The National Institutes of Health Point of View," Pediatrics 1984;74:159-160) and to congratulate the editors of Pediatrics publishing this bold, refreshing essay. All of us who pay the bills for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and who labor in the clinical vineyards, have a collective responsibility to see that the many and varied clinical efforts undertaken in Bethesda, MD are properly oriented and reach sound conclusions.

Donors for Liver Transplantation

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 856-857
Author(s):  
THOMAS E. STARZL ◽  
THOMAS R. HAKALA ◽  
J. THOMAS ROSENTHAL ◽  
DON DENNY
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Inborn Errors Of Metabolism ◽  
The United States ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Inborn Errors ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
Liver Replacement

There is good evidence that the decade of the 1980s will witness an expansion of efforts to transplant extrarenal organs. This will have a profound effect in pediatrics, and particularly in the field of hepatology. The number of infants born with biliary atresia is not known with certainty, but it is likely that there are approximately 500 new cases each year in the United States. The number of lethal hepatic based inborn errors of metabolism that can be effectively treated with liver replacement has steadily grown. Other acquired hepatic disorders are not uncommon in infancy and childhood. If transplantation of the liver (or of the kidney, heart, intestine, pancreas, and possibly other organs) is to reach its full potential, pediatricians will have to be more acutely aware of the need for organs, and will need to collaborate actively in the procurement process.

The National Institutes of Health Point of View

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 802-803
Author(s):  
JOHN R. LILLY
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Telephone Calls

In Reply.— Except for the unquestionably magnified personal commendation, Randolph's letter presents a reasonable analysis of the potential hazards of National Institutes of Health (NIH) consensus panels. In fact, his is the most well-balanced of more than two dozen letters and telephone calls I have received since publication of "Biliary Atresia and Liver Transplantation: The National Institutes of Health Point of View (Pediatrics 1984;74:159-160). For the most part, these communications have been from pediatric surgeons who take hot exception, not to liver transplantation per Se, but to what is perceived as a deliberate decision by their pediatric colleagues to withhold surgical treatment (other than liver transplantation) from patients with biliary atresia.

Cost‐Effectiveness of Primary Liver Transplantation Versus Hepatoportoenterostomy in the Management of Biliary Atresia in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram K. Raghu ◽  
James E. Squires ◽  
Douglas B. Mogul ◽  
Robert H. Squires ◽  
Patrick J. McKiernan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Biliary Atresia ◽  
The United States

Bipartisanship as Possible Alternative of Russian Political System Evolution

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 256-265
Author(s):  
Konstantin V. Simonov ◽  
Stanislav P. Mitrakhovich
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Political System ◽  
Party System ◽  
Political Competition ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Practical Advice ◽  
Simultaneous Separation

The article examines the possibility of transfer to bipartisan system in Russia. The authors assess the benefits of the two-party system that include first of all the ensuring of actual political competition and authority alternativeness with simultaneous separation of minute non-system forces that may contribute to the country destabilization. The authors analyze the accompanying risks and show that the concept of the two-party system as the catalyst of elite schism is mostly exaggerated. The authors pay separate attention to the experience of bipartisan system implementation in other countries, including the United States. They offer detailed analysis of the generated concept of the bipartisanship crisis and show that this point of view doesn’t quite agree with the current political practice. The authors also examine the foreign experience of the single-party system. They show that the success of the said system is mostly insubstantial, besides many of such systems have altered into more complex structures, while commentators very often use not the actual information but the established myths about this or that country. The authors also offer practical advice regarding the potential technologies of transition to the bipartisan system in Russia.

175 WAITING FOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION IN THE UNITED STATES: DOES RACE STILL MATTER?

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. S75
Author(s):  
N.S. Becker ◽  
C.A. O'Mahony ◽  
N.L. Sussman ◽  
J.A. Goss
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
The United States

1—by Captain A. Wepster

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-398
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Long Range ◽  
The United States ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ship Routing ◽  
Waves And Currents ◽  
Meteorological Institute

In 1960 Hanssen and James described to the Institute a system developed and used by the United States Hydrographic Office for selecting the optimum track for transoceanic crossings by applying long-range predictions of winds, waves and currents to a knowledge of how the routed vessel reacts to these variables. The paper (Journal, 13, 253) described how, over a period of two years, an average reduction in travel time of 14 hours was achieved over 1000 optimum routes.In the present papers, presented at an Institute meeting held in London on 19 April, Captain Wepster of the Holland-America Line first of all goes into the benefits which effective ship routing offers the ship operator and then describes the results of the experimental routing programme undertaken by his Company in association with the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute. Mr. Verploegh of that Institute then discusses the programme from the forecaster's point of view.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document