Salmonella Infection Presenting as Hematochezia on the First Day of Life

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-741
Author(s):  
Rakesh S. Chhabra ◽  
Joy H. Glaser
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Salmonella Infections ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control ◽  
Bloody Stools ◽  
Infectious Etiology

Salmonella infections are common in young infants. The incidence in the first month of life is estimated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to be approximately 75 per 100 000 liveborn infants.1 Symptomatic neonatal Salmonella infections generally develop during or after the first week of life. We recently cared for two otherwise healthy newborns who developed bloody stools within 24 hours of birth as the clinical manifestation of a Salmonella infection. These two cases and a review of the literature describing six similar patients are presented to highlight the infectious etiology for hematochezia on the first day of life.

Pertussis Deaths: Report of 23 Cases in the United States, 1992 and 1993

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-612
Author(s):  
Naomi Wortis ◽  
Peter M. Strebel ◽  
Melinda Wharton ◽  
Barbara Bardenheier ◽  
Iain R. B. Hardy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
The United States ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

Objective. To characterize pertussis deaths and to identify possible risk factors and prevention strategies. Methods. A retrospective review of all deaths attributed to pertussis with disease onset during 1992 and 1993 reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Hospital discharge summaries and autopsy reports were reviewed, and additional clinical information was provided by physicians involved in the care of the children. Results. During 1992 and 1993, 23 deaths attributed to pertussis were reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cultures for Bordetella pertussis were positive in 18 (90%) of the 20 cases in which it was performed. Twenty (87%) of the 23 children who died were younger than 1 year of age, and 18 (78%) of the children had received no doses of pertussis vaccine. Among 20 children for whom gestational ages were known, 12 (60%) were born at 36 weeks' gestation or earlier; in contrast, 10.7% of live births in the United States in 1992 were at 36 weeks' gestation or earlier. The median age of mothers whose children had fatal pertussis was 20 (range, 14 to 37) years in the 15 cases in which ages were known, compared with the national median age of 26.3 years in 1992. Pneumonia was a complication in all but 1 (96%) of the cases. Seizures occurred in 4 cases (17%), and acute encephalopathy occurred in 3 cases (13%). Conclusions. Pertussis continues to cause serious illness and death in the United States, particularly among infants who are not vaccinated. Preterm delivery and young maternal age may place infants at increased risk of death because of pertussis. Under the current pertussis vaccination schedule, three fourths of the infants who died were too young to have received three doses of pertussis vaccine, the minimum number of doses considered necessary for adequate protection against clinical pertussis. Additional strategies to prevent deaths caused by pertussis in young infants, such as starting infant vaccination at an earlier age and booster doses to adolescents and adults, need to be evaluated.

The Speech-Language Pathologists' Role in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury for Middle and High School–Age Children: Viewpoints on Guidelines From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1363-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Brown ◽  
Katy O'Brien ◽  
Kelly Knollman-Porter ◽  
Tracey Wallace
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

Purpose The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently released guidelines for rehabilitation professionals regarding the care of children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Given that mTBI impacts millions of children each year and can be particularly detrimental to children in middle and high school age groups, access to universal recommendations for management of postinjury symptoms is ideal. Method This viewpoint article examines the CDC guidelines and applies these recommendations directly to speech-language pathology practices. In particular, education, assessment, treatment, team management, and ongoing monitoring are discussed. In addition, suggested timelines regarding implementation of services by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are provided. Specific focus is placed on adolescents (i.e., middle and high school–age children). Results SLPs are critical members of the rehabilitation team working with children with mTBI and should be involved in education, symptom monitoring, and assessment early in the recovery process. SLPs can also provide unique insight into the cognitive and linguistic challenges of these students and can serve to bridge the gap among rehabilitation and school-based professionals, the adolescent with brain injury, and their parents. Conclusion The guidelines provided by the CDC, along with evidence from the field of speech pathology, can guide SLPs to advocate for involvement in the care of adolescents with mTBI. More research is needed to enhance the evidence base for direct assessment and treatment with this population; however, SLPs can use their extensive knowledge and experience working with individuals with traumatic brain injury as a starting point for post-mTBI care.

TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN MAHASISWA KEPANITERAAN KLINIK TENTANG STANDARD PRECAUTIONS PADA PASIEN SEBELUM DAN SETELAH TINDAKAN PERAWATAN GIGI DI RSGM FKG USU

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Olivia Avriyanti Hanafiah ◽  
Gema Nazri Yanti ◽  
Chintya Faradilla ◽  
Dewi Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

Prosedur kontrol infeksi yang umum dilakukan adalah dengan menerapkan standard precautions berdasarkan peraturan yang dikeluarkan oleh Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan mahasiswa kepaniteraan klinik tentang standard precautions operator sebelum dan setelah perawatan gigi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei deskriptif yang dilakukan dengan cara membagikan kuesioner pada mahasiswa kepaniteraan klinik yang terdiri atas 26 pertanyaan untuk sebelum dan 32 pertanyaan untuk setelah tindakan perawatan gigi. Data diolah secara manual dan dianalisis dengan analisis univariat. Hasil penelitian pengetahuan responden tentang standard precautions sebelum tindakan perawatan yang berpengetahuan kurang 69,8%, 29,3% cukup, 1% responden yang berpengetahuan baik. Setelah perawatan gigi didapat 54,5% responden memiliki pengetahuan cukup, 37,5% berpengetahuan baik, dan hanya 8% responden berpengetahuan kurang. Sebagai kesimpulan,  pengetahuan mahasiswa kepaniteraan klinik tentang standard precautions operator sebelum dan setelah perawatan gigi masih kurang.

ÍNDICE DE MASSA CORPORAL, HÁBITOS ALIMENTARES E ATIVIDADES DE LAZER EM CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES.

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Cavalcanti Carvalho ◽  
Gilmário Ricarte Batista ◽  
Petrus Gantois Massa Dias Santos ◽  
Thamara Thais Santos Melo ◽  
Gledson Tavares Amorim Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

Objetivo: Verificar o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), os hábitos alimentares e as atividades de lazer em crianças e adolescentes participantes do Projeto Participe Esporte da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi de caráter descritivo de delineamento transversal. A amostra foi constituída por 99 crianças e adolescentes de ambos os sexos, sendo 51 masculinos e 48 femininos, com idade entre 11 a 14 anos. Foram aplicados dois questionários para identificar os dados demográficos, hábitos alimentares e práticas de atividades no lazer. Para verificar o IMC, foram mensuradas a massa e estatura corporal (massa/estaura²), sendo utilizados para avaliar o IMC os critérios estabelecidos pelo Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2000). Resultados: Foi verificada uma prevalência de sobrepeso nos meninos (19,6%) quando relacionado às meninas (16,6%), já em relação à faixa etária, aos 13 anos foi identificado maior ocorrência do sobrepeso (23,3%) e obesidade (6,7%). Conclusão: Ficou evidenciado na verificação do IMC tanto pelo sexo quanto pela faixa etária, que as crianças e adolescentes foram classificadas como eutróficos.  De acordo com os hábitos alimentares das crianças e adolescentes, foi visto uma deficiência na ingestão de frutas e verduras, demonstrando hábitos considerados inadequados do ponto de vista qualitativo.    

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