PERIPHERAL BRAIN

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 357-369
Author(s):  
Theodore J. Pysher ◽  
Phillip R. Bach
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Test Panel ◽  
Chemical Markers ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Limited Application ◽  
Single Instrument

Historical Perspective and Current Status of the Multitest Chemistry Profile The development of a single instrument that could reproducibly sample a specimen, mix it with the required reagents at appropriate intervals, and analyze the resulting reaction revolutionized the chemical analysis of clinical specimens. Not long after its development, several of these Auto AnalyzersTM, each dedicated to measuring a different analyte, were linked, and the Sequential Multiple Analyzer (SMATM) was born. Because these systems were automated, they could perform the analyses for which they were designed at less expense, with greater precision, and in less time than when the tests were performed by hand. Moreover, it was claimed that the integration of the measurement of these chemical markers of disease into the routine health maintenance examination would lead to earlier detection of disease and improved patient care. These early multitest analyzers had only limited application in pediatrics because they required so large a specimen. The SMA-12TM, for example, required 3 mL of serum for each 12-test panel. Two developments, however, made the multitest chemistry analyzer accessible to pediatric-sized samples-microcomputes and ever smaller components. The early multitest analyzers were marvels of creative plumbing in which each specimen ran the full course of the instrument and, therefore, the same amount had to be sampled whether one or all of the 6, 12, or 24 available tests were requested.

Improving Patient Care With Telemedicine Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-154
Author(s):  
Edward T. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Healthcare Cost ◽  
Wearable Devices ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Telecommunications Infrastructure ◽  
Telemedicine Technology ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
Improving Patient Care ◽  
The Impact

With the spread of telecommunications infrastructure, telemedicine has attracted attention from both healthcare and IT industries. Telemedicine has shown a potential to improve health maintenance, enhancement, as well as healthcare cost reduction. Many governments are boosting telemedicine applications through regulations. The purpose of this chapter is to review the major telemedicine technologies—telemedicine, wearable devices, and emerging innovative health equipment—and current issues of the impact on the patient care in the healthcare industry, the business opportunities, and threats from telemedicine.

scholarly journals A Chemical Marker Proposal for the Lantana genus: Composition of the Essential Oils from the Leaves of Lantana radula and L. canescens

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500
Author(s):  
José G. Sena Filho ◽  
Haroudo S. Xavier ◽  
José M. Barbosa Filho ◽  
Jennifer M. Duringer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Markers ◽  
Chemical Marker ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Minor Compounds ◽  
Prior Analysis

Essential oil extracts from the leaves of two Lantana species ( L. radula Sw. and L. canescens Kunth), for which no prior analysis has been reported, were analyzed by GC-MS. This information was utilized to propose chemical markers for Lantana species so that identification between physically similar plant species can be achieved through chemical analysis. Results showed 33 constituents for L. canescens, among which β-caryophyllene (43.9%), β-cubebene (10.1%), elixene (8.6%), β-phellandrene (6.1%), α-caryophyllene (2.6%) and dehydro-aromadendrene (2.6%) were the principle components. L. radula revealed the presence of 21 compounds, the most abundant of which were β-cubebene (31.0%), β-caryophyllene (20.8%), elixene (10.0%), α-salinene (6.4%), β-phellandrene (6.1%), copaene (4.9%) cadinene (1.4%) and psi-limonene (1.4%). The high concentration of β-caryophyllene in the samples tested here and those in the literature make it a good candidate for a chemical marker for Lantana species, with β-cubebene, elixene and β-phellandrene following as minor compounds identified more sporadically in this genus. On the other hand, Lippia species, which are morphologically similar to those from the Lantana genus, would contain limonene, citral, carvacrol, β-myrcene, camphor and thymol as the main chemical markers. These chemical markers would be a powerful tool for maintaining quality control in the extraction of essential oils for use in medicinal applications, as well as in identification of plant specimens to a taxonomist.

Promoting patient health maintenance with cancer care planning at diagnosis and during treatment: baseline data of the Coleman Supportive Oncology Collaborative (CSOC).

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e24051-e24051
Author(s):  
Christine B. Weldon ◽  
Julia Rachel Trosman ◽  
Rosa Berardi ◽  
Al Bowen Benson ◽  
Betty Roggenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Care Planning ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Supportive Cancer Care ◽  
Personalized Care ◽  
Care Plans ◽  
The Impact

e24051 Background: CSOC conducts quality improvements (QI) for cancer patients that facilitate delivery of appropriate health maintenance and supportive cancer care at diagnosis and during treatment. CSOC is implementing a care planning QI starting at diagnosis using the 4R oncology model (Right Info / Care / Patient / Time), which provides patients a formal personalized care plan called Patient Care Sequence. Each Care Sequence includes health maintenance, cancer treatments and supportive care. As part of CSOC, we conducted provider surveys as a pre-intervention baseline to inform QI opportunities. Methods: Online survey of cancer providers from 8 cancer centers (4 academic, 4 community) conducted July 2018 - October 2019, prior to 4R implementation. The survey focused on current care planning practices and inclusion of guideline recommended health maintenance in care plans. Results: Survey response rate: 80% (180/225); respondents were 53% physicians, 20% advanced practice, 27% nurses. Only 59% (107/180) of respondents give patients care plans at diagnosis: 61% (65/107) verbally, 22% (24/107) written, 17% (18/107) using a printed form. Providers reported considerable gaps in including guideline-based health maintenance and promotion activities in care plans given to patients (Table). Additionally, 61% of providers reported concerns that it is challenging for their patients to manage their own health maintenance activities. Providers who are concerned about patients’ challenges in managing their own health maintenance are significantly more likely to give their patients a written or printed plan (76%, 32/42) compared to those providing care plans to patients verbally or not at all (56%, 77/138), p = .02. Conclusions: Guideline based health promotion activities are not consistently included in care plans, and care planning is not sufficiently conducted at cancer diagnosis. The CSOC 4R Oncology Model, which implements Patient Care Sequences at diagnosis, will address these gaps and examine the impact of formal care planning on improving utilization of health maintenance and promotion activities. [Table: see text]

Overview of the current status of sediment chemical analysis: trends in analytical techniques

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (NA) ◽  
pp. 37-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don-Roger Parkinson ◽  
Julian M. Dust
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollutants ◽  
The Status ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

This article reviews selected techniques and current trends in the analysis of contaminants in sediments since the year 2000. Because of the variety of anthropogenic target analytes encountered in sediments, the monograph is separated into inorganic and organic subsections. Practical aspects, including advances in: analysis of standards, biological methods, instrumental methods, modeling aspects, sample preparation and extraction methods, and speciation techniques are discussed. The sediment matrices are complex and require an integrated approach encompassing sampling, preparation, extraction, and analysis steps to reach the detection levels required. Often hyphenated techniques are employed to utilize the multi-resolving and isolation powers of the combined instrumentation. The review mainly focuses on the ability of developing techniques and their approaches and applications not only to solve new problems but also to push detection limits on historically well known inorganic and organic contaminants, while highlighting emerging persistent organic pollutants. The impetus of such research is to obtain a more factual understanding of an ecosystem and overall condition of its habitant in the context of sediments that may act as reservoirs for anthropogenic pollutants. The review is not comprehensive but rather provides an overview of the status of sediment chemical analysis and focuses on the trends in analytical approaches towards analytes of anthropogenic contaminants in sediments.

Patterns of Medical Diagnosis and Treatment of Migraine and Probable Migraine in a Health Plan

Cephalalgia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Bigal ◽  
KB Kolodner ◽  
JE Lafata ◽  
C Leotta ◽  
RB Lipton
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Health Plan ◽  
Medical Diagnosis ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Probable Migraine ◽  
Patient Emergency

The objectives of this study were to assess the proportion of subjects with strict migraine (SM, migraine with and without aura), probable migraine (PM), and all migraine (AM, SM and PM pooled together), who receive a medical diagnosis or a specific treatment within a health plan. Eligible participants were 18-55-year participants of a non-profit health maintenance organization (HMO) who had received out-patient, emergency department, or in-patient care from a physician within the past year. We used a validated computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) survey to identify SM, PM and controls (received out-patient, emergency department, or in-patient care from a physician for any reason within the past year, but did not have SM or PM). Medical and prescription drug claims for the 24-month period were linked to participant files. Among 8579 respondents, we identified 1265 SM sufferers and 1252 PM sufferers, which were compared with 960 randomly selected controls. Just 194 (15.3%) SM, 21 (1.7%) PM, and 215 (8.5%) AM sufferers received an in-patient or out-patient primary migraine claim in the previous 24 months, compared with six (0.5%) controls; 240 (18.9%) SM, 39 (3.1%) PM, 279 (11.1%) AM sufferers, and eight controls (0.6%) received any migraine claim. There were claims for migraine drugs (ICD-9 code for triptans or ergot compounds) for just 140 (11.1%) SM and 34 (2.7%) PM sufferers, and migraine analgesics (butalbital and isomethepthene compounds), for 6.3% SM and 2.2% PM sufferers (0.7% of the controls). Migraine preventives were used for a larger number of SM and PM sufferers (19.6% and 13.1%), but also for controls (10.5%), indicating that they were probably used for other medical reasons. Both SM and PM are underdiagnosed and undertreated within a health plan. Educational strategies should focus on physician education addressing diagnosing the full spectrum of migraine and physician management of migraine with specific migraine therapy in appropriate patients.

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